214 research outputs found
Efficient and precise CRISPR/Cas9-mediated MECP2 modifications in human-induced pluripotent stem cells
Patients with Rett syndrome (RTT) have severe mental and physical disabilities. The majority of RTT patients carry a heterozygous mutation in methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MECP2), an X-linked gene encoding an epigenetic factor crucial for normal nerve cell function. No curative therapy for RTT syndrome exists, and cellular mechanisms are incompletely understood. Here, we developed a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated system that targets and corrects the disease relevant regions of the MECP2 exon 4 coding sequence. We achieved homologous recombination (HR) efficiencies of 20% to 30% in human cell lines and iPSCs. Furthermore, we successfully introduced a MECP2(R270X) mutation into the MECP2 gene in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Consequently, using CRISPR/Cas9, we were able to repair such mutations with high efficiency in human mutant iPSCs. In summary, we provide a new strategy for MECP2 gene targeting that can be potentially translated into gene therapy or for iPSCs-based disease modeling of RTT syndrome
Controle De Conyza Bonariensis Com Glyphosate Associado A Adjuvantes Aplicados Com Diferentes Pontas De Pulverização
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)The study aimed to evaluate the control of Conyza bonariensis in delayed post-emergence stage using different spray nozzles and solutions with and without adjuvants; and to verify the occurrence of resistance to glyphosate, determining the dose-response curve. The experimental design was randomized in factorial (6 spray nozzles x 5 spray solution) in twenty repetitions. The treatments were represented by spray nozzles: XR 110015 XR 11002, TT 11002 AIXR 11002, AIC 11002 and AI 11002. Tested spray solution were: glyphosate; glyphosate + Nimbus®; glyphosate + Agral®; Glyphosate + LI-700® and without herbicide application. The use or not of adjuvants in the spray solution did not differ statistically from the solution containing the herbicide only. The spray nozzles AIXR 11002, TT 11002 and XR 11002 presented best results of control the horseweed from the evaluation of 07 days after application (DAP) and 28 DAP and such spray nozzles maintained the best average of control percentage. The higher dry matter reductions of horseweed were obtained by spray nozzles 110015 XR, TT 11002 and 11002 XR compared with the control. The population evaluated presents biotypes that resist to doses of 2.880 g.ha-1 a.e. of glyphosate. It is concluded that the evaluated biotypes presents tolerance to glyphosate, independent of your association or not with adjuvants. © 2017, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia. All rights reserved.332297305CAPES, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorFUNDECT, Fundação de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento do Ensino, Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Mato Grosso do SulCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES
Neonatal Apex Resection Triggers Cardiomyocyte Proliferation, Neovascularization and Functional Recovery Despite Local Fibrosis
So far, opposing outcomes have been reported following neonatal apex resection in mice, questioning the validity of this injury model to investigate regenerative mechanisms. We performed a systematic evaluation, up to 180 days after surgery, of the pathophysiological events activated upon apex resection. In response to cardiac injury, we observed increased cardiomyocyte proliferation in remote and apex regions, neovascularization, and local fibrosis. In adulthood, resected hearts remain consistently shorter and display permanent fibrotic tissue deposition in the center of the resection plane, indicating limited apex regrowth. However, thickening of the left ventricle wall, explained by an upsurge in cardiomyocyte proliferation during the initial response to injury, compensated cardiomyocyte loss and supported normal systolic function. Thus, apex resection triggers both regenerative and reparative mechanisms, endorsing this injury model for studies aimed at promoting cardiomyocyte proliferation and/or downplaying fibrosis. In this article, Nascimento and colleagues demonstrate that neonatal apex resection stimulates cardiomyocyte proliferation and permanent scarring in the apex. Newly formed cardiomyocytes compensate muscle loss by resection, and resected hearts recover functional competence in adulthood. These findings endorse this model for studies aiming to block cardiac fibrosis and/or favoring CM proliferation
Constraints on Dark Matter Annihilation in Clusters of Galaxies with the Fermi Large Area Telescope
Nearby clusters and groups of galaxies are potentially bright sources of
high-energy gamma-ray emission resulting from the pair-annihilation of dark
matter particles. However, no significant gamma-ray emission has been detected
so far from clusters in the first 11 months of observations with the Fermi
Large Area Telescope. We interpret this non-detection in terms of constraints
on dark matter particle properties. In particular for leptonic annihilation
final states and particle masses greater than ~200 GeV, gamma-ray emission from
inverse Compton scattering of CMB photons is expected to dominate the dark
matter annihilation signal from clusters, and our gamma-ray limits exclude
large regions of the parameter space that would give a good fit to the recent
anomalous Pamela and Fermi-LAT electron-positron measurements. We also present
constraints on the annihilation of more standard dark matter candidates, such
as the lightest neutralino of supersymmetric models. The constraints are
particularly strong when including the fact that clusters are known to contain
substructure at least on galaxy scales, increasing the expected gamma-ray flux
by a factor of ~5 over a smooth-halo assumption. We also explore the effect of
uncertainties in cluster dark matter density profiles, finding a systematic
uncertainty in the constraints of roughly a factor of two, but similar overall
conclusions. In this work, we focus on deriving limits on dark matter models; a
more general consideration of the Fermi-LAT data on clusters and clusters as
gamma-ray sources is forthcoming.Comment: accepted to JCAP, Corresponding authors: T.E. Jeltema and S. Profumo,
minor revisions to be consistent with accepted versio
Polyphasic evaluation and cytotoxic investigation of isolated cyanobacteria with an emphasis on potent activities of a Scytonema strain
DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT : The datasets presented in this study can be found in
online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories
and accession number(s) can be found in the
article/supplementary material.Cyanobacteria are phototrophic organisms widely found in most types of
natural habitats in the tropical regions of the world. In this study, we isolated
and identified cyanobacterial strains from paddy soil in Hanoi (Vietnam)
and investigated their cytotoxic activities. Five isolated cyanobacterial strains
showed distinctive profiles of gene sequences (rRNA 16S and rbcL),
phylogenetic placements, and morphological characteristics. Based on the
polyphasic evaluation, they were classified as Scytonema bilaspurense NK13,
Hapalosiphon welwitschii MD2411, Aulosira sp. XN1103, Desikacharya sp.
NS2000, and Desmonostoc sp. NK1813. The cytotoxic screening revealed that
the extract of strain Scytonema bilaspurense NK13 exhibited potent cytotoxic
activities against four human cell lines of HeLa cells, OVCAR-8 cells, HaCaT
cells, and HEK-293T cells, with IC50 values of 3.8, 34.2, 21.6, and 0.6μg/mL,
respectively. This is the first time a well-classified Scytonema strain from
tropical habitat in Southeast Asia has been recognized as a potential producer
of cytotoxic compounds.The Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNU).http://www.frontiersin.org/Microbiologyam2023BiochemistryGeneticsMicrobiology and Plant Patholog
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