Modes de vie et santé bucco-dentaire chez les pêcheurs sénégalais.

Oral health is determined by several factors that are individual and socially dependent. The objective of this study was to describe the lifestyles, eating habits and oral hygiene habits of Senegalese fishermen at sea. The study was cross-sectional and focused on fishermen in the Dakar, Thiès and Saint Louis regions. The study took place in some of the main fishing quays of Thiès (Kayar, Mboro and Mbour), Dakar (Yoff and Hann) and Saint Louis (Guet Ndar).  A 3-stage cluster sampling was carried out. The sample size was 604 individuals. Epidemiological data collected were dietary habits: dairy, meat, fish, etc., lifestyles: smoking, alcohol, coffee, tea, etc., oral hygiene habits: means, products, methods and dental status ( DMFT). Seventy-nine percent of the fishermen surveyed consumed dairy products at sea, 31.5% consumed tobacco. More than one fifth of the fishermen who smoked smoked more than 10 cigarettes per day. Nearly 75% of the sample reported using sea water to relieve their pain. More than 37.3% of the fishermen reported brushing their teeth twice a day. The consumption of fish products was significantly associated with DMFT (p=0.04). The average DMFTof tea drinkers (7.75) was lower than that of non-drinkers (8.48) without a significant difference (p value = 0.073). This work, carried out among fishermen in Senegal, has shown us that the lifestyle, hygiene and dietary habits used are negative for oral health.  La santé bucco-dentaire est déterminée par plusieurs facteurs qui sont d’ordre individuel et d’ordre dépendante de la société. L’objectif de ce travail était de décrire les modes de vie, les habitudes alimentaires et les habitudes d’hygiène orale en mer des pêcheurs sénégalais. L’étude était de type transversal et portait sur les pêcheurs de la région de Dakar, de Thiès et de Saint Louis. L’étude s’est déroulée dans certains principaux quais de pêche de Thiès (Kayar, Mboro et Mbour), de Dakar (Yoff et Hann) et de Saint-Louis (Guet Ndar).  Un échantillonnage en grappes à 3 degrés a été effectué. La taille de l’échantillon était de 604 individus. Les données épidémiologiques recueillies étaient les habitudes alimentaires : laitage, viande, poisson, etc., les modes de vie : tabagisme, alcool, café, thé, etc., les habitudes d’hygiène orale : moyens, produits, méthodes et état dentaire (CAO).Soixante-dix-neuf pour cent des pêcheurs enquêtés consommaient des produits laitiers en mer, 31,5% consommaient le tabac. Plus du cinquième des pêcheurs tabagiques fumaient plus de10 cigarettes par jour. Près de 75% de l’échantillon déclaraient utiliser l’eau de la mer pour soulager leur douleur. Plus de 37,3% des pêcheurs déclaraient se brosser les dents avec une fréquence de deux fois par jour.La consommation de  produits halieutiques étaient associés significativement au CAO (p=0,04). La moyenne CAO des buveurs de thé (7,75) était inférieure à celle des non-buveurs (8,48) sans une différence significative (p value = 0,073). Ce travail, mené chez les pêcheurs au Sénégal, nous a montré que les modes de vie, habitudes d’hygiène mais aussi alimentaire utilisés sont négatifs à la santé bucco-dentaire.

Modes de vie et santé bucco-dentaire chez les pêcheurs sénégalais.

Oral health is determined by several factors that are individual and socially dependent. The objective of this study was to describe the lifestyles, eating habits and oral hygiene habits of Senegalese fishermen at sea. The study was cross-sectional and focused on fishermen in the Dakar, Thiès and Saint Louis regions. The study took place in some of the main fishing quays of Thiès (Kayar, Mboro and Mbour), Dakar (Yoff and Hann) and Saint Louis (Guet Ndar).  A 3-stage cluster sampling was carried out. The sample size was 604 individuals. Epidemiological data collected were dietary habits: dairy, meat, fish, etc., lifestyles: smoking, alcohol, coffee, tea, etc., oral hygiene habits: means, products, methods and dental status ( DMFT). Seventy-nine percent of the fishermen surveyed consumed dairy products at sea, 31.5% consumed tobacco. More than one fifth of the fishermen who smoked smoked more than 10 cigarettes per day. Nearly 75% of the sample reported using sea water to relieve their pain. More than 37.3% of the fishermen reported brushing their teeth twice a day. The consumption of fish products was significantly associated with DMFT (p=0.04). The average DMFTof tea drinkers (7.75) was lower than that of non-drinkers (8.48) without a significant difference (p value = 0.073). This work, carried out among fishermen in Senegal, has shown us that the lifestyle, hygiene and dietary habits used are negative for oral health.  La santé bucco-dentaire est déterminée par plusieurs facteurs qui sont d’ordre individuel et d’ordre dépendante de la société. L’objectif de ce travail était de décrire les modes de vie, les habitudes alimentaires et les habitudes d’hygiène orale en mer des pêcheurs sénégalais. L’étude était de type transversal et portait sur les pêcheurs de la région de Dakar, de Thiès et de Saint Louis. L’étude s’est déroulée dans certains principaux quais de pêche de Thiès (Kayar, Mboro et Mbour), de Dakar (Yoff et Hann) et de Saint-Louis (Guet Ndar).  Un échantillonnage en grappes à 3 degrés a été effectué. La taille de l’échantillon était de 604 individus. Les données épidémiologiques recueillies étaient les habitudes alimentaires : laitage, viande, poisson, etc., les modes de vie : tabagisme, alcool, café, thé, etc., les habitudes d’hygiène orale : moyens, produits, méthodes et état dentaire (CAO).Soixante-dix-neuf pour cent des pêcheurs enquêtés consommaient des produits laitiers en mer, 31,5% consommaient le tabac. Plus du cinquième des pêcheurs tabagiques fumaient plus de10 cigarettes par jour. Près de 75% de l’échantillon déclaraient utiliser l’eau de la mer pour soulager leur douleur. Plus de 37,3% des pêcheurs déclaraient se brosser les dents avec une fréquence de deux fois par jour.La consommation de  produits halieutiques étaient associés significativement au CAO (p=0,04). La moyenne CAO des buveurs de thé (7,75) était inférieure à celle des non-buveurs (8,48) sans une différence significative (p value = 0,073). Ce travail, mené chez les pêcheurs au Sénégal, nous a montré que les modes de vie, habitudes d’hygiène mais aussi alimentaire utilisés sont négatifs à la santé bucco-dentaire.

Improving fetal dystocia management using simulation in Senegal: midterm results

Background: Maternal mortality, which constitutes the extreme point of the existing inequality between women in poor and rich countries, remains very high in Africa south of the Sahara. The objective of this study was to introduce a new training approach in Emergency Obstetric and Neonatal Care (EmONC) entered in Senegal to strengthen the skills of healthcare providers.Methods: The approach was based on the skills training using the so-called "humanist" method and "lifesaving skills". Simulated practice took place in the classroom through thirteen clinical stations summarizing the clinical skills on EmONC. The evaluation was done in all phases and the results were recorded in a database to document the progress of each learner.Results: With this approach, 432 providers were trained in 10 months. The increase in technical achievements of each participant was documented through the database. The combination of training based on the model “learning by doing” has ensured learning and mastering all EmONC skills and reduced missed learning opportunities as observed in former EmONC trainings.Conclusions: The impact of training on EmONC indicators and the introduction of this learning modality in basic training are the two major challenges in terms of prospects

Linkage of Hospital Records and Death Certificates by a Search Engine and Machine Learning

INTRODUCTION: Vital status is of central importance to hospital clinical research. However, hospital information systems record only in-hospital death information. Recently, the French government released a publicly available dataset containing death-certificate data for over 25 million individuals. The objective of this study was to link French death certificates to the Bordeaux University Hospital records to complete the vital status information. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our linkage strategy was composed of a search engine to reduce the number of comparisons and machine-learning algorithms. The overall pipeline was evaluated by assembling a file containing 3,565 in-hospital deaths and 15,000 alive persons. RESULTS: The recall and precision of our linkage strategy were 97.5% and 99.97% for the upper threshold and 99.4% and 98.9% for the lower threshold, respectively. CONCLUSION: In this study, we demonstrated the feasibility of accurately linking hospital records with death certificates using a search engine and machine learning

Problématique de la prise en charge des cancers du sein au Sénégal: une approche transversale

At a time when innovative therapies in breast cancer multiply, poorer countries such as Senegal are still lag far behind in the overall management of this type of cancer. In Senegal, although the treatment of advanced breast cancer is now well codified, survival and morbidity outcomes are still mediocre in view of diagnostic delays and of sometimes expensive and poorly tolerated mutilating treatments become necessary. With respect to advanced cancers, the challenges will lie in building of palliative care centres and in developing multidisciplinary approaches to improve quality of life and to support patients. On the other hand, with respect to preclinical or potentially curable cancers, the challenges are immense given the importance of early detection, localisation and diagnosis (stereotactic or ultrasound guided biopsy) but also of precision surgery and of complete resection (indexing - excision ensuring a margin of healthy tissue and specimen radiograph) while minimizing complications such as those of classic dissection (sentinel lymph node biopsy). Our health structures are not always prepared to achieve these goals. This is a situational analysis of the contextual obstacles that still exist and add a burden on the overall management of breast cancer in Senegal.The Pan African Medical Journal 2016;2

Endométriome ombilical: à propos d’un cas et revue de la littérature

L’endométriose se définit comme l’implantation de tissu endométrial en dehors de la cavité utérine. Elle touche environ 10% des femmes en âge de procréer. La localisation ombilicale est rare et la physiopathologie mal connue. Nous rapportons le cas d’une patiente de 42 ans, nulligeste, aux antécédents de myomectomie 5 ans auparavant, qui présentait une douleur cyclique avec une masse ombilicale dont le diagnostic était en faveur d’un endométriome ombilical, confirmée par l’étude histologique de la pièce de biopsie de la masse. Le traitement a consisté à une exérèse large de la masse associée à une exploration du pelvis et une plastie ombilicale

Operational and structural factors influencing enrolment in community-based health insurance schemes: an observational study using 12 waves of nationwide panel data from Senegal

International audienceAbstract Community-based health insurance (CBHI) has been implemented in many low- and middle-income countries to increase financial risk protection in populations without access to formal health insurance. While the design of such social programmes is fundamental to ensuring equitable access to care, little is known about the operational and structural factors influencing enrolment in CBHI schemes. In this study, we took advantage of newly established data monitoring requirements in Senegal to explore the association between the operational capacity and structure of CBHI schemes—also termed ‘mutual health organizations’ (MHO) in francophone countries—and their enrolment levels. The dataset comprised 12 waves of quarterly data over 2017–2019 and covered all 676 MHOs registered in the country. Primary analyses were conducted using dynamic panel data regression analysis. We found that higher operational capacity significantly predicted higher performance: enrolment was positively associated with the presence of a salaried manager at the MHO level (12% more total enrolees, 23% more poor members) and with stronger cooperation between MHOs and local health posts (for each additional contract signed, total enrolees and poor members increased by 7% and 5%, respectively). However, higher operational capacity was only modestly associated with higher sustainability proxied by the proportion of enrolees up to date with premium payment. We also found that structural factors were influential, with MHOs located within a health facility enrolling fewer poor members (−16%). Sensitivity analyses showed that these associations were robust. Our findings suggest that policies aimed at professionalizing and reinforcing the operational capacity of MHOs could accelerate the expansion of CBHI coverage, including in the most impoverished populations. However, they also suggest that increasing operational capacity alone may be insufficient to make CBHI schemes sustainable over time

Groundwater Quality for Irrigation Purposes in the Diass Horst System in Senegal

Due to surface water scarcity and variability in rainwater events in the Thies region, Senegal, farmers mostly rely on groundwater resources to improve yield production, although water quality in the hydrosystem and its suitability may be an issue. The objective of this study is to evaluate suitability of the Maastrichtian and Paleocene aquifers located the central western part of Senegal in the Thies region for irrigation purposes. For this purpose, chemical analyses were carried out on the major ions on the Maastrichtian and Paleocene aquifers through a network of 62 sample locations (39 from the Maastrichtian and 23 from the Paleocene) sampled in June 2019. Different water suitability assessment indices were used to evaluate the potential for irrigation, including sodium absorption ration (SAR), percentage of sodium (Na%), permeability index, Kelly ratio (RK), and salinity potential (SP) together with Wilcox and USSL diagrams as methods. The results indicate, that the Ca-Mg-HCO3 water type is dominant in the Maastrichtian aquifer, while in the Paleocene aquifer, HCO3-Ca-Mg and Cl-Ca-Mg are the main water types. The combination of these computed index values indicates that the percentage of suitable water for irrigation purposes accounts for 89.7% and 86.9% of the samples for the Maastrichtian and the Paleocene aquifers, respectively. On the other hand, water samples unsuitable for irrigation purposes range between only 10.3% and 13.1% for the two aquifer