Conocimiento de las madres sobre riesgo nutricional

La enfermería comunitaria tiene como propósito ofrecer a los sistemas sociales un servicio culturalmente aceptable con el objetivo de que las personas alcancen modelos de una vida saludable. Pone énfasis en las cuatro acciones básicas de la atención de salud: prevención, protección, asistencia y rehabilitación. Los programas de atención primaria de la salud de la nación están enfocados a la familia y a cada integrante de ella. Muchos de ellos ponen énfasis en la salud del niño, en la promoción y prevención de enfermedades, la educación, en proporcionarles un techo, una familia, una adecuada alimentación, etc. La adecuada alimentación durante la infancia es fundamental para el desarrollo del potencial genético completo del niño. El período entre el nacimiento y los dos años de vida se convierten en crítico para la promoción del crecimiento, el desarrollo y la salud. Las consecuencias inmediatas de la desnutrición durante estos años formativos incluyen en una morbi-mortalidad aumentada y un desarrollo mental retardado. El conocimiento de una buena alimentación y preparación es lo que tienen que tener todos los padres para que sus hijos crezcan fuertes y sanos. Este trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo determinar el grado de conocimiento que tienen las madres de los niños de bajo peso de 6 meses a 2 años de edad, que concurren al Centro de Salud nº 2 San Antonio, Mendoza, en cuanto a la preparación, utilización y conservación de alimentos y determinar factores de riesgo nutricional que puedan repercutir en la evolución física del niño.Fil: Diolosa, Nancy. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Enfermería..Fil: Balmaceda, Mariela. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Enfermería.

Preliminary studies for the structural optimization of a PrandtlPlane wing

The purpous of this thesis is to make a preliminary studies for a structural optimization on a PrandtlPlane wing box configuration. The 250-seats aircraft taken in account, called PrP250, came from previous studies and optimizations. The material considered for the unconventional wing box configuration is the Aluminium Alloy 2024-T3, typical of aeronautical applications, chosen in such a way as to be able to make appropriate comparisons with the current aeronautical solutions. Initialy the model has been changed in terms of constraints and load conditions. This was done in an attempt to pursue a more physical description and reduce the parasitic stresses. Stress and displacement differences between the old and the new model were then evaluated. Given the parasitic high stress peaks observed, the candidate focused on the refined structural design of the inner front wing section up to the kink. In particular several structural optimizations of the above mentioned wing section have been carried out considering three different load cases. First, a static limit load case, corresponding to a load factor of 2.5. Then, two potentially critical gust response loads have been selected from a gust response analysis. Further optimizations are carried out considering the three load cases, and effects of incorporating such gust loads in terms of weight penalties are assessed

Microfluidic/HPLC combination to study carnosine protective activity on challenged human microglia: Focus on oxidative stress and energy metabolism

Carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) is a naturally occurring endogenous peptide widely distributed in excitable tissues such as the brain. This dipeptide possesses well-demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiaggregation properties, and it may be useful for treatment of pathologies characterized by oxidative stress and energy unbalance such as depression and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Microglia, the brain-resident macrophages, are involved in different physiological brain activities such synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis, but their dysregulation has been linked to the pathogenesis of numerous diseases. In AD brain, the activation of microglia towards a pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory phenotype has found in an early phase of cognitive decline, reason why new pharmacological targets related to microglia activation are of great importance to develop innovative therapeutic strategies. In particular, microglia represent a common model of lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced activation to identify novel pharmacological targets for depression and AD and numerous studies have linked the impairment of energy metabolism, including ATP dyshomeostasis, to the onset of depressive episodes. In the present study, we first investigated the toxic potential of LPS + ATP in the absence or presence of carnosine. Our studies were carried out on human microglia (HMC3 cell line) in which LPS + ATP combination has shown the ability to promote cell death, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Additionally, to shed more light on the molecular mechanisms underlying the protective effect of carnosine, its ability to modulate reactive oxygen species production and the variation of parameters representative of cellular energy metabolism was evaluated by microchip electrophoresis coupled to laser-induced fluorescence and high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. In our experimental conditions, carnosine prevented LPS + ATP-induced cell death and oxidative stress, also completely restoring basal energy metabolism in human HMC3 microglia. Our results suggest a therapeutic potential of carnosine as a new pharmacological tool in the context of multifactorial disorders characterize by neuroinflammatory phenomena including depression and AD