Sea Level Variation Along the Western Coast of the Arabian Gulf

Observed hourly tidal heights from six stations during the period 1980-1987 were used in the analyses. Daily readings of the pressure at mean sea level from three meteorological stations were also used. The variations of the observed daily mean sea level were studied at the six stations, giving low values in the winter season, and high ones in summer and spring seasons. The monthly mean sea level showed higher values during July and August and lower ones in the winter season. As the Arabian Gulf is generally considered a shallow sea, the meteorological conditions are the main cause of the sea level variation. This was shown by the variation of the daily mean sea level residual at the six stations. From the analyses of the coherence of several parameters, the pressure difference over the Gulf area did not give a noticeable effect with either the daily observed sea level or the daily sea level residual. Generally speaking, the important factor affecting the sea level variation in the Arabian Gulf is the pressure system covering the area either during the summer or the winter seasons

Smart cards and the fingerprint: a framework for user identification and authentication

Access control has been a great concern in this Information and Communication Technology (ICT) era. The need to control access to certain information and resources has been taken seriously by the ICT community. This research believes that no single security method, algorithm, key or procedure is entirely secure. Hence, a combination of multiple security components is mandatory to provide a high level of protection against fraud and other threats. This research combines two security components, which are the smart card and fingerprint recognition. It looks into the vulnerabilities of magnetic-stripe cards and Personal Identification Numbers (PIN) or passwords widely used in systems today. As a result, the research proposed a framework for user identification and authentication in automatic-teller-machine (ATM) systems using fingerprints and smart cards as opposed to the PIN and magnetic-stripe cards

Implementation of adaptive coding and modulation for satellite communication links in heavy rain region: an operators perspective

This contribution presents an implementation of adaptive modulation and coding (ACM) for the real operating satellite- based internet protocol (IP) communication system from the Nigeria communication satellite (NigComSat-1R) very small aperture terminal (VSAT) network. Specifically, different modulation schemes are chosen according to the weather conditions in order to achieve the highest available data rate and preserve the link availability. The experimental results indicate that at least a 24% bandwidth reduction can be achieved with the same data rate by implementing the ACM technique. Further work should focus on the ACM selection strategy based on the peculiarities of the meteorological characteristics in a specific area so that ACM implementation will lead to maximum efficiency in terms of radio resource management and exploitation

Influence of rice straw and calcium cyanamide on microbiological activity in two portuguese alluvial soils

Usaram-se dois aluviossolos portugueses (um arenoso outro franco) em experiências destinadas a estudar a influência da cianamida cálcica na actividade microbiológica, sob condições controladas. Ensaiaram-se modalidades com palha de arroz, palha de trigo e sem palha. Em algumas experiências utilizou-se para comparação um solo de loess colhido na Alemanha. A aplicação de palha conduziu a um aumento nítido da activi- dade da dehidrogenase nos dois solos, tendo-se verificado a superioridade da palha de trigo no solo arenoso. A influência da cianamida foi pequenainfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The effects of world heritage sites and governance on tourist arrivals: worldwide evidence

The tourism sector plays an important role in economic development. Its contributes foreign exchange earnings to the nation; tax revenue to the government; and provide job to the population as well as open-up business opportunities to serve the communities. Thus, international tourist arrival plays a central role in stimulating economic growth by ensuring substantial export income in the form of international tourist receipts to a destination country. A fundamental question that relates international visitors and the destination country is “why do some destination countries attract more visitors than others?” In this study, using a sample of 126 countries, we provide evidences that income, the number of world natural and cultural heritage sites, ethnic diversity and good governance are important factors influencing international visitors’ destination choices (tourism demand)

Social and Economic Sustainability Analysis of Rural Settlements Located in the Hazard-Prone Areas: Case Study: Villages Surrounding the City of Sanandaj

This study is aimed at analyzing economic and social sustainability of rural settlements in the hazard – prone zones. Accordingly, the present descriptive – analytical study with emphasizing on its practical aspect is trying to identify high risk zones to locate the villages surrounding the Sanandaj City using Geography Information System (GIS) and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). In this regard, for zoning of hazard – prone areas, information layers such as distance from the fault, gradient layer, height layer, distance from the river, landslide layer, and soil type layer were created utilizing the information existent in the database of GIS at Sanandaj Municipality. Finally, hazard – prone zones were identified by applying the technique in ARCGIS10 and its practical functions and algorithms. In the next step, the layers of villages surrounding Sanandaj City were adapted to the prioritized zones and so the villages (Salavat Abad, Dolat Abad, Gazar Dareh, Khalijan, Issa Dar, Hassan Abad) which are located in hazard – prone zoning, were identified. To assess the socio – economic conditions of these villages are used FTOPSIS technique. The studied samples were two Councils members in each village which were selected randomly to survey and to achieve the goal of research. The results showed that economical aspect of the indicator (rural road networks), with ID = E5, and social aspect of the indicator (health facilities), with ID = E8 gained the lowest weights in the minimum, average and maximum fuzzy criterion, and also the indictor of rural power network and its backup services, with ID = E1, and taking care of villages with cultural and historical monuments gained the highest weights in the minimum, average and maximum fuzzy criterion

Interference and electromagnetic compatibility challenges in 5G wireless network deployments

5G wireless network technology is going operate within the environment of other electrical, electronic and electromagnetic devices, components and systems, with capability of high speed data connectivity acting as network transceiver stations with Massive MIMO for Internet of Things (IoT). Considering the level of interoperability, electromagnetic Interference and electromagnetic compatibility to avoid electromagnetic pulse effects (EMP) which is capable of not only causing network malfunctions but total devices and equipments failure in mission critical operations, like hospital MRI scan machines, security profiling and data handling or even personal healthcare devices like heart pacemaker. Electromagnetic energy coupling in PCB due to: radiation, reflection and Crosstalk generates reliability challenges affecting Signal Integrity between traces of multilayer boards stalks, power bus and packaging creating Electromagnetic interference (EMI) in PCB leading false clock response to system failure. Above were considered very essential when deploying 5G wireless network facility as presented in this paper