Use of satellite data in runoff forecasting in the heavily forested, cloud-covered Pacific Northwest

The author has identified the following significant results. Satellite-derived snow cover data improves forecasts of stream flow but not at a statistically significant amount and should not be used exclusively because of persistent cloud cover. Based upon reconstruction runs, satellite data can be used to augment snow-flight data in the Upper Snake, Boise, Dworshak, and Hungry Horse basins. Satellite data does not compare well with aerial snow-flight data in the Libby basin

Volatile products from the interaction of KCl(g) with Cr2O3 and LaCrO3 in oxidizing environments

Cooled target collection techniques and high pressure mass spectrometric sampling were used to measure the relative rates of oxidative vaporization and to identify the volatile products emanating from samples of chromia and Mg-doped lanthanum chromite. The materials were exposed to partial pressures of KCl with and without H2O in one atmosphere of slowly flowing oxygen at elevated temperatures. Chromia and fresh samples of lanthanum chromite exhibited enhanced rates of oxidative vaporization upon exposure to these reactants. Mass spectrometric identification showed that the enhancements resulted from the heterogeneous formation of complex molecules of the type KCl sub 1,2,3 CrO3 and KOH sub l,2 CrO3. Lanthanum chromite that had undergone prolonged oxidative vaporization exhibited no enhanced oxidation upon exposure to the reactants

Design and Development of an Adhesive Joint Testing Apparatus for Mixed-Mode Evaluation

The present work is dedicated to the development and design of a load jig inspired in theproposed solution by Fernlund and Spelt in order to characterize fracture of bonded joints undermixed-mode I+II loading. The jig allows for easy alteration of the mode-mixity and permits coveringthe full range of mixed-mode I+II combinations. A data reduction scheme based on specimencompliance, beam theory and crack equivalent concept is proposed to overcome several difficultiesinherent to the test analysis. The development was based in a design methodology using numericalvalidation based on experimental data obtained with a Dual Loading Frame from Virginia Tech. Thismethodology is presented and then validated with the experimental application of the jig

Mixed-Mode I+II fracture characterization of bonded joints using a multi-mode apparatus

Este trabajo está dedicado a la elaboración y diseño de un aparato inspirado en la soluciónpropuesta por Fernlund y Spelt para caracterizar la fractura de las uniones adhesivas bajoaplicaciones de cargas en modo mixto I + II . El aparato permite una fácil variación delmodo de mezcla y cubre todo el rango de combinaciones posibles (I y II).Además, se propone un procedimiento para tratamiento de datos en función del tamaño degrieta, basado en la teoría de la viga y el concepto de grieta equivalente, superando variasdificultades inherentes a los ensayos realizados. El desarrollo se basa en una metodologíade diseño mediante la validación numérica basada en datos experimentales obtenidos conun equipo de ensayo de doble acción en Virginia Tech. Esta metodología se presenta acontinuación, y está validada con la aplicación experimental del aparato.The present work is dedicated to the development and design of a load jig inspired in theproposed solution by Fernlund and Spelt in order to characterize fracture of bonded jointsunder mixed-mode I+II loading. The jig allows for easy alteration of the mode-mixity andpermits covering the full range of mixed-mode I+II combinations. A data reduction schemebased on specimen compliance, beam theory and crack equivalent concept is proposed toovercome several difficulties inherent to the test analysis. The development was based in adesign methodology using numerical validation based on experimental data obtained with aDual Loading Frame from Virginia Tech. . This methodology is presented and then validatedwith the experimental application of the jig

Determination of the envelopes for mode-mixity evaluation of adhesively bonded steel

This study is about the effect of the adhesive thickness and adhesive ductility on the mixed mode loading of DoubleCantilever Beam joints.The project is divided into three main tasks. The first task is about the development of a finite element model using acohesive zone model to design an experimental device based on the standard ASTM D6671D.The second task is concerned with the generation of experimental results in mixed mode varying the type of adhesiveand the adhesive thickness. In the third task, the experimental results will be used to develop an adhesive toughnessmodel as a function of the mode mixity.A dual actuator load frame from Virginia Techs Engineering Science & Mechanics Dept. was used to obtain theenvelopes for mode mixity for three different adhesives and thicknesses.A proposal for a data reduction scheme for the determination of the strain energy release rate is presented and validatedin this paper without the need of the experimental measure of the crack length

Mixed-Mode I + II fracture characterization of bonded joints using a novel Multi-Mode Apparatus

The present work presents the experimental test results to assess the toughness of an adhesive joint, using a previouslydefined crack equivalent data reduction scheme applied to a new multi-mode apparatus, inspired in a load jig previouslydeveloped by Fernlund and Spelt. The patented jig allows for easy alteration of the mode-mixity and permits coveringthe full range of mixed-mode I+II combinations. A data reduction scheme based on specimen compliance, beam theoryand crack equivalent concept is used to overcome several difficulties inherent to the test analysis. The method assumesthat the performed test can be viewed as a combination of the double cantilever beam and asymmetrically loaded endnotchedflexure tests, which provide modes I and II fracture characterization, respectively. A numerical analysisincluding a cohesive mixed-mode I+II damage model was performed considering different mixed-mode loadingconditions to validate the proposed data reduction scheme. Issues regarding self-similar crack growth and fractureprocess zone development are discussed. It was verified that the considered in-plane mix mode fracture criterion is wellcaptured using the proposed data reduction scheme

The routinisation of management controls in software.

Author's post-print version. Final version published by Springer; available online at http://link.springer.com/Our paper aims to explore management control as complex and intertwining process over time, rather than the (mainstream) fixation on rational, optimising tools for ensuring business success. We set out to contribute towards our understanding of why and how particular management controls evolve over time as they do. We discuss how the management control routines of one organisation emerged and reproduced (through software), and moved towards a situation of becoming accepted and generally unquestioned across much of the industry. The creativity and championing of one particular person was found to be especially important in this unfolding change process. Our case study illuminates how management control (software) routines can be an important carrier of organisational knowledge, both as an engine for continuity but also potentially as a catalyst for change. We capture this process by means of exploring the ‘life-story’ of a piece of software that is adopted in the corrugated container industry

Has Behavioral Science Tumbled Through the Biological Looking Glass? Will Brief, Evidence-Based Training Return It From the Rabbit Hole?

Time constraints and professional demands leave practicing professionals unlikely to enroll in extended training such as a semester-long graduate course. Thus, the three-hour continuing education format has become a standard for those in practice. One may ask what sorts of training strategies optimize that format. To explore that, a three hour training program for seventy-six practicing mental health professionals, most of whom self-identified as psychologists, was devised. It made use of primarily antecedent techniques that have been shown to bring about changed perceptions on a number of topics. Content focused on two areas of importance to behavior analysts, the culture’s increasing acceptance of the biological causation model of disorders such as attentiondeficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), unipolar depression, anxiety disorders, and schizophrenia, and the field’s increasing reliance on medications, often to the exclusion of behavioral methods. Pre-post assessment showed that participants had changed their thinking regarding the two content areas. The authors caution that participants’ changed opinions may serve as setting events to changes in practice, but those changes are verbal. One must not assume changes in practice techniques will automatically occur

Fictitious Capital and Crises

This paper is concerned with chapters 25-35 of Part V, The Division of Profit into Interest and Profit of Enterprise, of Volume 3 of Capital. These chapters may be properly grouped in an ideal Part to be possibly titled "Credit and Crises, or Money Capital and Fictitious Capital" and is referred to in this paper as 'the unidentified Part'. This Part should be strictly considered as a follow-up of Part IV, The Transformation of Commodity Capital and Money Capital into Commodity-Dealing Capital and Money-Dealing Capital (Merchant's Capital) in the sense that while the former deals with the role played by merchant's capital, and particularly by money-dealing capital, the latter deals with the obstruction or perversion inflicted on this role by money capital being turned into fictitious capital by an improper use of credit. The paper is structured in three ideal sections. The aim of the first section is to clear the debris of 'the unidentified Part' and to reconstruct Marx's own thinking about the nature and role of credit and of fictitious capital in relation to the concept of merchant's capital and to the phenomenon of crises. On the contrary, the second section, which is mostly focused on different forms versus different sets of crises, highlights some contradictions in Marx's unsystematic treatment of the relations between financial and real crises. The third section is derived from the arguments set out in the previous two sections. Its aim is to assess Marx's similarity with Keynes on the matter of 'money as money' and of financial crises. Its conclusion (which is also the conclusion of the paper) is that this similarity, however strong with regard to the role of money as a store of value, is bound to collapse if Marx's law of the falling rate of profit is believed to be true. For in this case the fictitious-capital theory of crises developed in 'the unidentified Part' acquires a secondary importance while financial crises come to be viewed as a typical effect, rather than as the cause, of real crises