Determination of Essential Oil Composition and Investigation of, Antimicrobial Properties of Poppy (Papaver Somniferum L.) Flower

The essential oil of Papaver Somniferum L. gathered from crop fields of Opium Alkaloids Plant is obtained by hydrodistillation method. The component of essential oil was determined by GC and GCMS methods. It was determined that the components of the essential oil are n-nonadecane (8,96%), heneicosane (10,83%), n-pentacosane (7,91%), n-heptacosane (5,19%), 1-heptacosanol (4,09%), palmitic acid (7,26%), 1-nonadecanol (16,31%) and antimicrobial activities were studied. It was determined that essential oil consist of tridecanoic, myristic, palmitic, steraric, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, eicasadienoic, eicasatrienoic saturated and unsaturated oil. After determining the components of the essential oil; the antimicrobial activities were studied disc diffusion and bouillon micro dilution tests. It was determined that the essential oil was an impact on both Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria.Afyon Alkaloidleri Fabrikası İşletme Müdürlüğüne ait ekim alanlarından toplanan Papaver Somniferum L. çiçeklerinin uçucu yağı hidrodestilasyon yöntemi kullanılarak elde edildi. Elde edilen uçucu yağın bileşenleri GC ve GC-MS metodları ile tespit edildi. Haşhaş çiçeği uçucu yağının ana bileşenlerinin nnonadekan (%8,96), heneikosan (%10,83), n-pentakosan (%7,91), n-heptakosan (%5,19), 1- heptakosanol (%4,09), palmitik asit (%7,26) ve 1-nonadekanol (%16,31) olduğu belirlenendi ve antimikrobiyal aktiviteleri incelendi. Haşhaş çiçeği uçucu yağının tridekanoik, miristik, palmitik, steraik, oleik, linoleik, linolenik, eikasadienoik, eikasatrienoik doymuş ve doymamış yağ asitlerinden oluştuğu tespit edildi. Uçucu yağın ana bileşenleri tespit edildikten sonra antimikrobiyal aktiviteleri disk difüzyon testi ve bouillon mikrodilüsyon testi ile belirlendi. Haşhaş çiçeği uçucu yağının hem Gram (+) hemde Gram (-) bakteriler üzerinde antimikrobiyal etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edildi

Gender Dıfferences in Perceptıon of Macroeconomıc Indıcators

This paper examines if there exist gender differences in macroeconomic expectations. Two surveys were implemented in Turkey’s leading CEOs, CFOs, economists, portfolio managers, strategists and academics. One of the survey was conducted in 2013 while the other was in 2014.  The survey points out if there are significant differences in expectations among women and men. The survey asks the participant’s macroeconomic expectations. Mainly, inflation, exchange rate, loan interest rate, stock-exchange rate, export and sector-specific expectations are investigated. Response to expectation questions is given on an ordinal scale with three levels. In the survey, a 3-point Likert scale response was used for the questions of export and sector-specific expectations. Firstly, the normality of the observations was tested with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Then, the differences in macroeconomic expectations of males and females were tested with the Chi-square test of independence. Although the empirical findings of each survey indicate different  outputs, the general result mainly exhibits that women are more risk averse than men

Robotların yükseliş trendi ekonomiyi ve geleceği nasıl etkileyecek?

There is no doubt that modern technologies have greatly influenced the business world in recent years. All technological applications brought by Industry 4.0 have provided more mechanization and started processes that do not involve people. This revolution is at the initial stage of changing the world order. People can now imagine a world dominated by robots at work. In the 18th century, many people could not have imagined that such a thing would happen. Over the years, humans have perfected the technologies that robots tend to work on. In this article, the effects of the economic system called robonomics as a result of widespread use of robotics, artificial intelligence and automation are discussed. The positive and negative aspects of the effects of the increase in the use of robots on productivity, cost and labor, which are economic indicators, are examined in this article. With the widespread use of robots, it is predicted that more technicians, economists, and mechanical engineers will be needed in the workplaces, as well as unemployment concerns due to the spread of robots to work areas. The mentioned process will not take place in the short term, positions and roles will change gradually. The study has a conceptual aspect, and it reveals the effect of robots on the industrial use from different perspectives.Modern teknolojilerin son yıllarda çalışma dünyasını büyük ölçüde etkilediğine şüphe yoktur. Endüstri 4.0 'ın getirmiş olduğu tüm teknolojik uygulamalar daha fazla mekanizasyon sağlayarak insanların dâhil olmadığı süreçler başlatmışlardır. Bu devrim, dünya düzenini değiştirmenin başlangıç aşamasındadır. İnsanlar, artık iş yerlerinde robotların hükmettiği bir dünya hayal edebilmektedirler. 18. yüzyılda, birçok insan böyle bir şeyin olacağını hayal dahi edemezdi. Yıllar geçtikçe, insanlar robotların üzerinde çalışma eğiliminde oldukları teknolojileri mükemmelleştirdi. Bu makalede robotik, yapay zeka ve otomasyonun yaygınlaşması sonucu robot ekonomisi (Robonomics) adı verilen ekonomik sistemin etkileri tartışılmaktadır. Robot kullanımındaki artışın ekonomik göstergelerden verimlilik, maliyet ve emek üzerine etkilerinin olumlu ve olumsuz yanları bu makalede incelenmektedir. Robotların kullanımının yaygınlaşması ile işyerlerinde daha fazla teknisyene, ekonomiste ve makine mühendislerine ihtiyaç duyulacağı gibi aynı zamanda robotların iş alanlarına yayılmasından duyulan işsizlik endişesi de yaratması tahmin edilmektedir. Bahsedilen süreç kısa vadede gerçekleşmeyecek olup, pozisyonlar ve roller kademeli olarak değişecektir. Çalışma kavramsal nitelikte olup, robotların endüstriyel alandaki kullanımına yönelik etkisini farklı açılardan ortaya koymaktadır

Corrosion inhibition of st37 steel in geothermal fluid by quercus robur and pomegranate peels extracts

Plant extracts have become important as an environmentally acceptable, readily available and renewable source of wide range of inhibitors. Tannins, a class of natural, non toxic and biodegradable polyphenolic compounds, extracted from plant sources are already used as corrosion inhibitors in aqueous media. This study investigates the inhibiting effect of Quercus robur and pomegranate peels extracts on st37 steel corrosion in geothermal fluid using the Tafel polarization method. It was found that the extracts act as good corrosion inhibitors for geothermal fluid. 250 ppm of Quercus robur oak extract was seen to have 90% corrosion inhibition efficiency. The values of pH, potential, conductivity, total hardness and Ca2+ hardness, dissolved solid substance (TDS) and salinity of geothermal fluid were analyzed before and after the addition of extract into it. According to these analyses, increasing pH level more than 5 indicates that corrosion con structive aggressive ions (H+) decrease. Furthermore the decrease of conductivity values as a result of the decrease of inhibitor concentration shows that corrosion slows down. Ryznar and Langelier Indexes are cal culated for AF11 well, reinjection and collected pools. The values of indexes show that geothermal fluid is corrosive and scale properties

DEVELOPMENT OF THE NEW TEST CHAMBER FOR THE CALIBRATION OF THE HYGROMETERS

Ölçüm cihazlarının kalibrasyonunun düzenli olarak yapılması bir zorunluluktur. Kalibrasyon, belirlenen koşullardaki değerlerle, ölçme sisteminin veya ölçme cihazının gösterdiği değerler arasındaki ilişkiyi belirleyen işlemler dizisidir. Bu çalışmada; bir seri sıcaklık ve nemin gözlenmesiyle, nem ölçerlerin kalibrasyonunun yapılması için özel bir düzenek hazırlandı. İzole bir kabin içerisinde %15 ile %95 aralığında bağıl nem değerleri sağlandı. Düzenekte, sistemin kararlı hale gelebilmesi için kurutma ve egzoz sistemi tasarlanıp, tüm işlemler elektronik olarak kumanda edilerek, sensörler yardımıyla da bilgisayar üzerinden izlendi. Sistem kararlı hale geldikten sonra, önceden kabin içine yerleştirilmiş olan kalibrasyonu yapılacak nem ölçerin ölçüm sonuçlarıyla, psikrometrenin (referans ölçüm cihazı) ölçüm sonuçları karşılaştırıldı. The calibration of the measuring instruments must be done periodically. Calibration is the set of operations, the relationship between values of quantities indicated by a measuring instrument or measuring system represented by a reference material and the corresponding values realized by standards. In this work, the humidity and temperature is observed and the special apparatus is prepared for the calibration of the humidity measurements. In the test chamber the relative humidity is taken in between % 15 and % 95. In apparatus, the drying and eject system is planned for the steady-state system and all process are commanded electronically and are displayed, followed by sensors on the computer. After system becomes steady state, the results of humidity measurement installed in the test chamber are compared with the results of psycrometer

Kiraz ve Kayısı Ağacı Reçinelerinden Elde Edilen Yenilebilir Filmlerin Çilek (Fragaria ananassa) ve Yenidünya (Eriobotrya japonica) Meyvelerinin Kaplanmasında Kullanımları

Bu çalışmada kiraz ve kayısı ağaçlarından sızan reçineler yenilebilir kaplama materyali olarak kullanıldı. Reçinelerin yenilebilir kaplama olarak uygun olup olmadıkları bazı kimyasal özellikleriyle incelendi. Karbon, hidrojen, azot ve kükürt yüzdeleri elementel analiz ile belirlendi. Yapılan analizler sonucunda her iki reçinenin de fenolik madde bakımından zengin olduğu bulundu ve antioksidan kapasitelerinin yüksek olduğu tespit edildi. Termal analizlerle reçinelerden elde edilen filmlerin ısıya karşı davranışları ve ağırlık kayıpları belirlendi. Bu analizlere göre, filmlerin 400°C’ye kadar ısıya dayanıklı oldukları bulundu. Filmlerin SEM ile elde edilen yüzey görüntülerinin homojen ve düzgün bir yapıda oldukları görüldü. Daha sonra, reçinelerden elde edilen film çözeltileriyle çilek ve yenidünya meyveleri kaplandı. 4±1°C’de buzdolabında muhafaza edilen kaplamalı/kaplamasız meyveler; raf ömrü, organoleptik ve mikrobiyolojik özellikler bakımından karşılaştırıldı. Filmlerin kaplanmış meyvelerin raf ömrünü uzattığı görüldü. Depolama sonunda kaplamasız örneklerin toplam bakteri, maya-küf ve koliform bakteri düzeyleri en yüksek seviyedeydi. Ayrıca, kaplamalar meyvelerin organoleptik özelliklerini olumlu etkiledi. Duyusal analiz testine göre kaplamalı meyveler, kaplamasız meyvelerden daha yüksek puanlara sahip oldular. Kiraz ve kayısı ağacı reçineleri yenilebilir kaplama olarak kullanıma uygun materyallerdir

Karaman il merkezinde bir gıda sektöründe çalışanların AİDS konusunda bilgi düzeylerinin incelenmesi

According to new data in the UNAIDS 2006 Report, An estimated 38.6 million people are living with HIV worldwide. Approximately 4.1 million people became newly infected with HIV, while approximately 2.8 million people died of AIDS-related illnesses in 2005. HIV/AIDS has increasingly an important. One from most effectual methods in AIDS fight is instructed about risk on behaviors. Education needs about AIDS must be decided to decrease newly infected with HIV. This study was planned to assess level of knowledge and to determinate for education needs related HIV in adults male and female. The study is descriptive type. It was done in a food sector in Karaman city center submitting for research. in May 2006, all of working in the food factory’s administration department  (n=60) has answered the question form preparing by researchers. Participant’s characteristics: 71.7 percent were male, 59.7 percent were university graduate, 75 percent were married. They have been worked over and forty hours in week. All of them have health insurance. Participants had been informed with AIDS percent 65.3 by media such as television, radio, newspaper and percent 10.8 by health professionals. The mean point of their knowledge was 15.35±4.07. 99.9 percent of participants had correctly answered to question that were infected by people whose blood contemned with HIV. 75.8 percent of participants can not correctly answer to question about possibility infected of HIV to be bitten by mosquito or insect. 41.7 percent of participants had answered to question that “what do you do to learn whether your sexual partner infected with HIV or not”, but 59.3 percent of them had not answered same question. Participants answering to this question signed that 98.3 percent of participants have been made by health setting blood test on partner, 12.3 percent of participants will have to observe of disease symptom on partner or health report taken by health setting for his/her partner. 1.7 percent of participants had signed so that they can promote own health using condom during coitus. Knowledge point about AIDS was difference and meaningful by statistical on university graduate of participants more than primary and secondary school graduate of participants. Media establishments should be publishing many programs with AIDS. The health professionals must be instructing to public with AIDS.WHO 2006 verilerine göre; HIV ile yaşayan 38,6 milyon insanın 4,1 milyonu 2005 yılında HIV ile enfekte olmuştur. 2005 yılına kadar 2,8 milyon insan AİDS nedeniyle yaşamını yitirmiştir. HIV/AİDS gittikçe artan bir öneme sahiptir. Mücadelede en etkin yöntemlerden biri riskli davranışları önlemeye yönelik olarak eğitim vermektir. Bunu sağlamak için de eğitim gereksinimleri belirlenmelidir. Bu çalışmada erişkin kadın ve erkeklere verilecek eğitimlerde, gereksinimleri belirlemek ve bilgi düzeylerini değerlendirmek amacıyla planlandı Tanımlayıcı tipteki bu çalışma Karaman il merkezinde araştırmanın yapılmasını kabul eden bir gıda fabrikasında gerçekleştirildi. Fabrikada çalışan idari personelin tümüne (n=60) Mayıs 2006 tarihinde araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan soru formları uygulandı. Araştırmaya katılan kişilerin % 71,7’si erkek, %59,7’si üniversite mezunu, %75’i evli, ve %98,1’i haftada 40 saat ve üzerinde çalışmaktadır. Çalışmaya katılan tüm personelin sosyal güvencesi bulunmaktadır. AIDS konusunda %65,3’ü kitle iletişim araçlarından, %10,8’i sağlık personelinden bilgi almıştır. Katılımcıların bilgi puan ortalamaları 15,35±4.07’dir. Katılımcıların %99,9’u başkasından alınan kan ile HIV/AİDS bulaşabileceği sorusuna doğru yanıt; %75,8’i sivrisinek ve böcek ısırması ile HIV/AİDS bulaşabileceğini belirterek yanlış yanıt vermişlerdir. Katılımcıların % 41,7’si, cinsel birliktelik kurdukları kişinin HIV/AİDS olup olmadığını öğrenmek için ne yaparsınız sorusuna yanıt vermişken, %59,3’ü düşüncesini belirtmemiştir. Bu soruyu yanıtlayanların %98,3’ü test yaptırırım derken; %12,3’ü hastalık belirtilerinin gözlenmesi gerektiğini ve sağlık raporu istenebileceğini belirtmiştir. Katılımcıların % 1,7’si prezervatif kullanarak korunabileceklerini ifade etmiştir. Üniversite mezunu olanların diğer mezunlara göre AIDS konusunda bilgi puanları istatistiksel olarak farklı ve anlamlıdır. Medya kuruluşları AIDS ile ilgili programları daha fazla yayınlamalıdır. Sağlık profesyonelleri toplumu AIDS’le ilgili eğitmelidir

The Assessment of the Neutrophil-lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-lymphocyte Ratio in Dyslipidemic Obese Children

Objective:Childhood obesity is one of the most important children’s health problems that is gradually increasing all over the world. Dyslipidemia which coexists with obesity is a risk factor for atherosclerotic diseases in adulthood. In this study, the usability of the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in predicting dyslipidemia, a serious complication of obesity, in children were investigated.Method:Two hundred and seven cases aged between 11-17 years who were diagnosed with obesity at the Pediatrics Clinic of our hospital and 50 cases with no disorders whose complete blood count was performed for routine purposes were retrospectively investigated. The genders, ages, and examination findings of the cases were recorded. In obese children, leukocyte, hemoglobin, platelet, mean platelet volume, neutrophil and lymphocyte levels were evaluated in the complete blood count performed at the first admission. The NLR and the PLR were calculated. Preprandial blood glucose and preprandial insulin, serum aminotransferase values, and the lipid profile were recorded.Results:While dyslipidemia was determined in 99 (47.82%) of 207 cases who were diagnosed with obesity, it was not determined in 108 (52.18%) cases. The systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and preprandial insulin level were higher in cases with dyslipidemia than the group without dyslipidemia. The PLR average of the dyslipidemic group was 112.75±39.11, the PLR average of the non-dyslipidemic group was 104.78±31.38, and the PLR average of the control group was 110.20±39.35, and there was no statistically significant difference between the PLR averages of the groups (p=0.353). The NLR average was 1.52±0.69 in the dyslipidemic group, 1.66±0.81 in the non-dyslipidemic group, and 1.72±1.26 in the control group. No statistically significant difference was observed between the NLR averages of all three groups (p=0.295).Conclusion:In this study, no relationship was determined between the PLR and NLR and dyslipidemia in obese children

The Advocate - June 8, 1961

Original title (1951-1987)--The Advocate: official publication of the Archdiocese of Newark (N.J.)

Turkish translation, validation, and reliability analysis of pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis symptom severity module version 2.0

The Paediatric Eosinophilic Esophagitis Symptom Severity Modules Version 2.0 (T-PEESv2.0) was developed in English as a valid, reliable questionnaire for follow up. This work aimed to develop a Turkish version of T-PEESv2.0 via translation and cultural adaptation and then to test its validation and reliability. Methods: The PEESv2.0 was translated into Turkish by standardized procedural steps completed in cooperation with the Mapi Research Trust. The final version of the questionnaire was submitted to eosinophilic oesophagitis patients or their parents at 2 times point separated by 1 week. An age-matched control group was used to test the discriminant validity. Construct validity was tested using the Wilcoxon test, and internal consistency was tested using Cronbach's alpha. Test-retest reliability was measured with Cohen's kappa and intraclass correlation coefficient. Results: One hundred twenty-eight participants (70 patients, 58 parents) were enrolled. Fifty-eight (39.1%) of them completed T-PEESv2.0-parent by proxy and 70 (54.7%) were T-PEESv2.0. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient and intraclass correlation coefficient for test-retest reliability were >0.70 for both questionnaires and for all domain (frequency and severity) and total scores. For discriminant validity analysis, subscale (frequency and domain) and total scores of the patient group were compared with those of the control group. The subscale and total scores were significantly different between the groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: T-PEESv2.0 appeared to be valid and reliable, ready to be introduced as a clinical and research tool for the assessment of patients with eosinophilic oesophagitis