Introducing a short measure of shared servant leadership impacting team performance through team behavioral integration

The research reported in this paper was designed to study the influence of shared servant leadership on team performance through the mediating effect of team behavioral integration, while validating a new short measure of shared servant leadership. A round-robin approach was used to collect data in two similar studies. Study 1 included 244 undergraduate students in 61 teams following an intense HRM business simulation of 2 weeks. The following year, study 2 included 288 students in 72 teams involved in the same simulation. The most important findings were that (1) shared servant leadership was a strong determinant of team behavioral integration, (2) information exchange worked as the main mediating process between shared servant leadership and team performance, and (3) the essence of servant leadership can be captured on the key dimensions of empowerment, humility, stewardship and accountability, allowing for a new promising shortened four-dimensional measure of shared servant leadership

Servant Leadership and the Effect of the Interaction Between Humility, Action, and Hierarchical Power on Follower Engagement

Servant leadership has been theorized as a model where the moral virtue of humility co-exists with action-driven behavior. This article provides an empirical study that tests how these two apparently paradoxical aspects of servant leadership interact in generating follower engagement, while considering the hierarchical power of the leader as a contingency variable. Through a three-way moderation model, a study was conducted based on a sample of 232 people working in a diverse range of companies. The first finding is that humble leaders showed the highest impact on follower engagement regardless of their hierarchical position. Less humble leaders in lower hierarchical positions seem to be able to compensate for that through a strong action-oriented leadership style. Most notably for leaders in high hierarchical positions, the moral virtue of humility seems to strengthen the impact of their action-oriented leadership the most. These findings provide empirical support and a better understanding of the interplay between the moral virtue of humility and the action-oriented behaviors of servant leadership

Поема Т.Г.Шевченка „Титарівна” і п’єса М.Л.Кропивницького „Титарівна”. сюжетно-типологічна спорідненість і відмінність

У статті вперше зіставляються поема Т.Г.Шевченка "Титарівна" і п'єса М.Л.Кропивницького "Титарівна", окреслюються їх подібності й відмінності, пов'язані, зокрема, з мораллю і психологією головних персонажів.В статье впервые сопоставляются поэма Т.Г.Шевченка "Титаривна" и пьеса М.Л.Кропивницкого "Титаривна", очерчиваются их сходства и различия, связанные, в частности, с моралью и психологией главных персонажей.The poem by Taras Shevchenko "Tytarivna" and the play by Marko Kropyvnytsky "Tytarivna" are compared in this article for the first time. The critic pays attention on the resemblances and differences, fastened in particular to moral and psychology of the main characters

Beantwoording vragen : plan van aanpak : verbeteren welzijn in de sector paardenhouderij

De Nederlandse Paardensector (SRP) is door het ministerie van Landbouw, Natuur en Voedselkwaliteit gevraagd een plan van aanpak te schrijven ter verbetering van het paardenwelzijn. Daartoe heeft het ministerie WUR+ASG gevraagd om dit plan met wetenschappelijke kennis te onderbouwen. De onderwerpen behelzen huisvesting, voeding, training, transport, fokkerij en gezondhei

The Cross-Cultural Invariance of the Servant Leadership Survey: A Comparative Study across Eight Countries

This paper tests and confirms the cross-cultural equivalence of the Servant Leadership Survey (SLS) in eight countries and languages: The Netherlands, Portugal, Germany, Iceland, Italy, Spain, Turkey and Finland. A composite sample consisting of 5201 respondents from eight countries that all filled out the SLS was used. A three-step approach was adopted to test configural invariance, measurement equivalence, and structural equivalence. For the full 30-item version of the SLS, configural invariance and partial measurement equivalence were confirmed. Implications of these results for the use of the SLS within cross-cultural studies are discussed

Effects of GNSS receiver tuning on the PLL tracking jitter estimation in the presence of ionospheric scintillation

Ionospheric scintillation is an interference characterized by rapid and random fluctuations inradio frequency signals when passing through irregularities in the ionosphere. It can severely degrade theperformance of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers, thus increasing positioning errors.Receivers with different tracking loop bandwidths and coherent integration times perform differently underscintillation. This study investigates the effects of GNSS receiver tracking loop tuning on scintillationmonitoring and Phase Locked Loop (PLL) tracking jitter estimation using simulated GNSS data. Thevariation of carrier to noise density ratio (C/N0) under scintillation with different tracking loop settings isalso studied. The results show that receiver tuning has a minor effect on scintillation indices calculation.The levels of C/N0 are also similar for different PLL bandwidths and integration times. Additionally, thetracking jitter is estimated by theoretical equations and verified using the relationship with the PLLdiscriminator output noise, which is calculated using the post‐correlation measurements. Novel approachesare further proposed to calculate 1‐s scintillation index, which enables to compute the tracking jitter ata rate of 1 s. It is found that 1‐s tracking jitter can successfully represent the signal fluctuations levels causedby scintillation. This work is valuable for developing scintillation sensitive tracking error models and is alsoof great significance for GNSS receiver design to mitigate scintillation effects

Loss of Bcl-2 in invasive breast cancer is associated with high rates of cell death, but also with increased proliferative activity.

Bcl-2 has been demonstrated to inhibit apoptosis in breast cancer cells in vitro, and the ratio between Bcl-2 and its proapoptotic homologue Bax seems to be an important determinant of cellular sensitivity to induction of apoptosis. However, little information is available on the relationship between Bcl-2 and the rate of apoptotic and necrotic cell death in breast tumours. From a series of 441 premenopausal, lymphnode-negative breast cancer patients, a subset of 49 tumours was selected in which immunostaining for the 26-kDa isoform of Bcl-2 was either absent (n = 23) or very high (n = 26). High expression of Bcl-2 was found to be strongly associated with low rates of apoptotic (P < 0.001) and necrotic cell death (P < 0.001). The mean value of the apoptotic index was 2.69%+/-1.40% in Bcl-2-negative tumours and 0.68%+/-1.00% in Bcl-2-positive tumours. Expression of the proapoptotic protein Bax correlated neither with Bcl-2 nor with the frequency of apoptotic cells. Immunostaining for the antiapoptotic Bcl-2 homologue BcI-X(L) correlated with Bcl-2 expression (P < 0.001) but not with apoptosis. High proliferation rate and high tumour grade (Bloom-Richardson) were strongly associated with absence of Bcl-2 expression (P< 0.001). p53 accumulation was associated with absence of Bcl-2 expression and increased apoptotic activity. Loss of Bcl-2 expression was strongly correlated with increased apoptotic and necrotic cell death, high proliferation rate and high tumour grade, supporting a model in which Bcl-2 not only mediates cell death, but also cell division in breast cancer tissue, and in which regulation of cell division and cell death are tightly linked

Effectiveness and Feasibility of a Mindful Leadership Course for Medical Specialists

Background: Medical specialists experience high levels of stress. This has an impact on their well-being, but also on quality of their leadership. In the current mixed method study, the feasibility and effectiveness of a course Mindful Leadership on burnout, well-being and leadership skills of medical specialists were evaluated. Methods: This is a non-randomized controlled pre-post evaluation using self-report questionnaires administered at 3 months before (control period), start and end of the training (intervention period). Burn-out symptoms, well-being and leadership skills were assessed with self-report questionn

Scheiden van dieren = Weaning of animals

Separation of young animals from their parent(s) can cause welfare problems, if it occurs too early or in a wrong way. In this report we propose criteria for separation of young animals to prevent such problems and indicate for which species the current practice is a risk to cause welfare problems

Event Generators for WW Physics

The report summarizes the results of the activities of the Working Group on Event Generators for WW Physics at CERN during 1995.Comment: 99 Latex, including 30 figures, 24 tables. The report is part of: G.Altarelli,T.Sjostrand and F.Zwirner (eds), Physics at LEP2 CERN 96-0