Experimental Tests and Numerical Simulations for Failure Investigation on Corrugated Boxes Used on Household Appliance Packaging

Packages made of corrugated paper are fundamental to the protection, transportation and handling of the appliance product market. During the storage and sales stages of a product, the package must resist compressive loads in different directions beyond moderate impacts. In this context, the objective of this work is to develop and implement a post-processor that allows the simultaneous analysis of two of the most common failure modes of packages made of corrugated paper: failure due to tensile or compressive stress limit, and failure due to local buckling, when the buckling of the faces of the corrugated paper between two peaks of the fluting waves occurs. It was realized that the current procedure proposed by the literature expend a series of operations, what became the failure analysis for corrugated boxes too lengthy for the immediacy of the industry. Thus, it was chosen to apply a procedure to simplify the failure limit surface. Tensile tests were performed for the characterization of corrugated material used in numerical simulations. Experimental tests were performed on corrugated boxes used on household appliance products. The Tsai-Wu criteria for the material failure evaluation was applied and a modified Nyman-Gustafsson criteria for the local buckling analysis on the numerical simulations was proposed. A good correlation between experimental tests and numerical results was obtained. This work brings high expectations to the agility requested by the industry in the launching of new products

Injustiça Climática : A Desigualdade Social como Violação à Garantia de Direitos

In what way are the inequities arising from climate issues an additional inequality to the Brazilian social ones that cross Brazilian society? As the denial of rights witnessed in cases of environmental disasters corresponding to a type of violence? Why did the environment come to resignify the very idea of ​​democracy and the rule of law? These are the ones who lead the writing of the present that means the meaning of article of environmental justice, as questions already called the search for environmental justice or debates the most varied humans of justice. Thus, the study presents the annulment aggravated by the question of age, which is an object of guarantee as provided, in contemporary times, as an object of guarantees in the constitutional text. The main meaning of this article is objective as the justice of justice, but for this, the authors work justice in the country, such as inequality and guarantees of rights.De que forma as iniquidades advindas das questões climáticas são um adicional às desigualdades sociais que atravessam a sociedade brasileira? Como a negação de direitos presenciada em casos de desastres ambientais corresponde a um tipo de violência? Por que discutir meio ambiente passou a ressignificar a própria ideia de democracia e estado de direito? São esses os questionamentos que conduzem a escrita do presente artigo que, tracejando o significado de justiça climática como oriunda da justiça ambiental, chama ao debate os direitos humanos em busca da diminuição de vulnerabilidades das mais variadas espécies. Assim, apresenta-se como objeto de estudo a análise da injustiça agravada pela questão climática que, na contemporaneidade, implica violação de um rol de garantias previsto no texto constitucional pátrio. Nesse sentido, o objetivo principal deste artigo é apontar  como a justiça climática evita o fomento de desigualdades. Para isso, partimos de conceitos caros ao debate da justiça no país, como violência, desigualdade e garantias de direitos

Conhecendo o empreendedorismo através do olhar dos estudantes do campus Pelotas/Instituto Federal Sul-rio-grandense

O mercado de trabalho vem sofrendo profundas transformações e neste novo contexto econômico passam a ser demandados não só empregados, mas também pessoas que possam criar novos postos de trabalho por meio da abertura de empresas. Nesse cenário, salienta-se o papel das instituições de ensino. Oferecer uma formação que contemple a educação empreendedora se torna um dever para o propósito de promover uma efetiva preparação profissional do aluno. Considerando isso, foi definido como objetivo geral desta pesquisa conhecer as perspectivas dos estudantes do Campus Pelotas do Instituto Federal Sul-rio-grandense em relação ao tema Empreendedorismo. Para tal, foi elaborado um questionário a fim de identificar quais interesses, motivações e grau de conhecimento sobre o tema por parte dos estudantes, aplicado diretamente nas salas de aula. A pesquisa totalizou 1.150 alunos respondentes, pertencentes ao ensino técnico, tecnológico, superior e pós-graduação. Os principais resultados foram: 82% dos participantes já ouviu falar sobre empreendedorismo; 66,9% participaria de ações voltadas ao desenvolvimento do empreendedorismo e, 84,7% gostaria de aprender sobre empreendedorismo durante sua formação escolar. Estes resultados demonstram que há necessidade e interesse dos estudantes em aprender sobre empreendedorismo durante sua formação acadêmica

O debate entre argumentação e explicação : uma análise no contexto de seminários de astronomia

Existe um debate sobre a distinção entre argumentação e explicação no Ensino de Ciências. Alguns autores defendem que as diferenças entre essas práticas sejam feitas explícita em atividades educacionais, enquanto que outros discordam desta posição. Nesta discussão têm se proposto diferentes definições para os conceitos envolvidos e focado em objetivos distintos ou complementares desempenhados por explicações e argumentos na comunicação científica. No entanto, notamos poucos trabalhos que abordem esta questão de um ponto de vista empírico. Assim, este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre argumentação e explicação no contexto de seminários apresentados por alunos de uma graduação em Física durante disciplina sobre "Tópicos de Astronomia e Astrofísica". Utilizamos padrões de adequação como critério para distinguir explicações de argumentos. Na análise apresentamos um episódio contendo argumentação, explicação e trecho que sugere uma possível sobreposição entre ambas as práticas

Associations of hospitalisation - admission, readmission and length to stay - with multimorbidity patterns by age and sex in adults and older adults: the ELSI-Brazil study

BACKGROUND: Although the association between multimorbidity (MM) and hospitalisation is known, the different effects of MM patterns by age and sex in this outcome needs to be elucidated. Our study aimed to analyse the association of hospitalisations' variables (occurrence, readmission, length of stay) and patterns of multimorbidity (MM) according to sex and age. METHODS: Data from 8.807 participants aged ≥ 50 years sourced from the baseline of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSI-Brazil) were analysed. Multimorbidity was defined as ≥ 2 (MM2) and ≥ 3 (MM3) chronic conditions. Poisson regression was used to verify the association between the independent variables and hospitalisation according to sex and age group. Multiple linear regression models were constructed for the outcomes of readmission and length of stay. Ising models were used to estimate the networks of diseases and MM patterns. RESULTS: Regarding the risk of hospitalisation among those with MM2, we observed a positive association with male sex, age ≥ 75 years and women aged ≥ 75 years. For MM3, there was a positive association with hospitalisation among males. For the outcomes hospital readmission and length of stay, we observed a positive association with male sex and women aged ≥ 75 years. Network analysis identified two groups that are more strongly associated with occurrence of hospitalisation: the cardiovascular-cancer-glaucoma-cataract group stratified by sex and the neurodegenerative diseases-renal failure-haemorrhagic stroke group stratified by age group. CONCLUSION: We conclude that the association between hospitalisation, readmission, length of stay, and MM changes when sex and age group are considered. Differences were identified in the MM patterns associated with hospitalisation according to sex and age group

The implications of professional practice uf nurses obstetricians graduated from EEAN: the quality of care

Objective: To analyze the implications of professional practice of these nurses graduated from the CEEO EEAN / UFRJ for quality health care for women. Method: This was a qualitative study, where the subjects were twenty (20) obstetrician nurses graduated at CEEO / EEAN who work in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Results: The autonomy and ownership of the practice of midwives are legitimized and enforces the law as a nurse midwife, however, the autonomy of childbirth care is limited by its lack of knowledge about the legal support to serve in this area of care, due to the impediment professional practice and prejudice from health institutions and medical staff through verbal violence and its derivations, generating negative implications for the quality of care and practice. Conclusion: So, professional recognition by the acceptance of nursing practice in its entirety should be legitimized

REPRODUCTIVE PLANNING AND INSERTION OF INTRAUTERINE DEVICES BY PHYSICIANS AND NURSES IN BRAZIL

Objective: to analyze the records referring to reproductive planning consultations and to intrauterine device insertion performed in 2021 by nurses and physicians in Primary Health Care in Brazil.Method: this is a quantitative, cross-sectional and descriptive study that resorted to secondary data from the Health Information System for Primary Care and submitted to simple descriptive statistics data analysis.Results: a total of 18,243 procedures about IUD insertion were recorded in the country, with prevalence of physicians, except for the state of Roraima; as well as 54,186 reproductive planning consultations with predominance of 41,184 (76%) nurses in relation to physicians (13,002; 24%).Conclusion: there is a need to invest in the training of physicians and nurses in order to expand access and the right to sexual life care of the women living in the country. Nursing care is a way to consolidate women's right to sexual and reproductive life care

Multimorbidity patterns and hospitalisation occurrence in adults and older adults aged 50 years or over

Multimorbidity is highly prevalent in older adults and can lead to hospitalisation. We investigate the prevalence, associated factors, and multimorbidity pattern associated to hospitalisation, readmission, and length of stay in the population aged 50 years and older. We analysed baseline data (2015-2016) from the ELSI-Brazil cohort, a representative sample of non-institutionalised Brazilians aged ≥ 50 years. In total, 8807 individuals aged ≥ 50 years were included. Poisson regression with robust variance adjusted for confounders was used to verify the associations with hospitalisation. Multiple linear regression was used to analyse the associations with readmission and length of stay. Network analysis was conducted using 19 morbidities and the outcome variables. In 8807 participants, the prevalence of hospitalisation was 10.0% (95% CI 9.1, 11), mean readmissions was 1.55 ± 1.191, and mean length of stay was 6.43 ± 10.46 days. Hospitalisation was positively associated with male gender, not living with a partner, not having ingested alcoholic beverages in the last month, and multimorbidity. For hospital readmission, only multimorbidity ≥ 3 chronic conditions showed a statistically significant association. Regarding the length of stay, the risk was positive for males and negative for living in rural areas. Five disease groups connected to hospitalisation, readmission and length of stay were identified. To conclude, sociodemographic variables, such as gender, age group, and living in urban areas, and multimorbidity increased the risk of hospitalisation, mean number of readmissions, and mean length of stay. Through network analysis, we identified the groups of diseases that increased the risk of hospitalisation, readmissions, and length of stay

Climate projections of chill hours and implications for olive cultivation in Minas Gerais, Brazil

O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o acúmulo de horas de frio e definir as áreas com aptidão para a olivicultura (Olea europaea) no estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, assim como analisar os impactos das projeções de mudanças climáticas na exigência de horas de frio e no zoneamento climático, em dois cenários de forçantes radiativas. O método trigonométrico foi utilizado para quantificar o número de horas de frio, tendo-se considerado temperaturas basais (Tb) de 7,0, 9,5 e 13°C (frio intenso, médio e suave, respectivamente), e foi aplicado para condições climáticas do presente (1983–2012) e para duas condições climáticas futuras (2041–2070 e 2071–2100). Os dados do clima presente foram obtidos de 47 estações meteorológicas convencionais, e os de clima futuro foram obtidos de três modelos do sistema terrestre (IPSL-CM5A-LR, MRI-CGCM3 e MIROC5). As projeções futuras apontam para uma diminuição das áreas aptas ao cultivo de oliveira, principalmente sob caminhos representativos de concentração (RCP) 8.5 e de cultivares com maior exigência em frio (Tb=7,0ºC). Das cultivares de média exigência em frio (Tb=9,5oC), apenas 2,6% (RCP 4.5) e 1,6% (RCP 8.5) serão aptas no extremo sul e nas áreas de maior altitude de Minas Gerais, enquanto, das de baixa exigência (Tb=13ºC), 11,8% (RCP4.5) e 6,7% (RCP 8.5) serão aptas. Se as condições climáticas se realizarem, o cultivo de oliveira será viável na região sul e em áreas de maior altitude no estado de Minas Gerais.The objective of this work was to determine the accumulation of chill hours and to define the areas with aptitude for olive (Olea europaea) cultivation in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, as well as to analyze the impacts of climate change projections on chilling-hour requirements and climatic zoning, in two radiative forcing scenarios. The trigonometric method was used to quantify the number of chill hours, considering base temperatures (Tb) of 7.0, 9.5, and 13°C (high, medium, and low chill, respectively), and was applied to present climate (1983–2012) and to two future climate (2041–2070 and 2071–2100) conditions. The present climate data were obtained from 47 conventional weather stations, and the future climate data were obtained from three Earth system models (IPSL-CM5A-LR, MRI-CGCM3, and MIROC5). Future projections point to a decrease in the suitable areas for olive crop cultivation, particularly under representative concentration pathway (RCP) 8.5 and for olive cultivars with a high-chilling requirement (Tb=7.0ºC). Of the olive cultivars requiring medium chill (Tb=9.5ºC), only 2.6% (RCP 4.5) and 1.6% (RCP 8.5) will be suitable in the extreme south and in higher altitude areas of Minas Gerais, while, of those requiring low chill (Tb=13ºC), 11.8% (RCP 4.5) and 6.7% (RCP 8.5) will be suitable. If the climate projections become true, the cultivation of olive crops will be viable in the southern region and in higher altitude areas of the state of Minas Gerais