Evaluation of selection in developing inbred lines of swine

Agricultural Experiment Stations of Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Oklahoma, and Wisconsin and U.S. Department of Agriculture cooperatingDigitized 2007 AES.Includes bibliographical references (pages 58-[60])

Influence of heterosis and plane of nutrition on rate and economy of gains, digestion and carcass composition of pigs

This report includes much of the material presented by senior author as a dissertation for the Doctor of Philosophy degree in August, 1951--P. [3].Digitized 2007 AES.Includes bibliographical references (pages 41-42)

Components of performance in selecting for heterosis in swine

This bulletin is a report on Animal Husbandry Department project number 39 entitled 'Swine Improvement'--P. 6."This report includes much of the material presented by the senior author as a dissertation for the Doctor of Philosophy degree in July, 1952"--P. [7].Digitized 2007 AES.Includes bibliographical references (pages 67-68)

Influence of inbreeding, age and growth rate of sows on sexual maturity, rate of ovulation, fertilization and embryonic survival

This report includes most of the material presented by the senior author as a Doctoral dissertation--P. [3].Digitized 2007 AES.Includes bibliographical references (pages 39-40)

Biological Efficiency Differences Among \u3ci\u3eBos taurus\u3c/i\u3e x \u3ci\u3eBos taurus\u3c/i\u3e and \u3ci\u3eBos indicus\u3c/i\u3e x \u3ci\u3eBos taurus\u3c/i\u3e F\u3csub\u3e1\u3c/sub\u3e-Cross Cows

Matching germplasm to resources through designed crossbreeding programs can contribute to optimum beef production efficiency. This is particularly true in light of the wide diversity of environmental conditions encountered by beef producers in the U.S. This approach requires considerable knowledge about genetic diversity among breeds in components of performance and furthermore how those components interact to influence life-cycle efficiency in the production setting. It was largely this identified need, coupled with the importation of a number of new breeds from continental Europe, that gave impetus for the establishment of the Germplasm Evaluation (GPE) Program. In Cycles I and II of the GPE program, increases in cow output associated with higher breed potential for growth rate and milk production were largely offset by equivalent or greater increases in feed requirements for maintenance and lactation. Additionally, in Cycle III, output of calf weaned per cow in the breeding herd was high for Bos indicus x Bos taurus crosses relative to Bos taurus crosses. More information is needed to evaluate F1 cross of Bos taurus versus Bos indicus x Bos taurus sources of germplasm. Therefore, this study was conducted to: 1) estimate input/output components, and 2) estimate life-cycle efficiency of Cycle III breeds representing these types of F1 cross females

Reproductive development and performance of inbred and crossbred boars

This report includes much of the material presented by the senior author as a doctoral dissertation--P. [3].Digitized 2007 AES.Includes bibliographical references (page 56)

Moving to capture children’s attention: developing a methodology for measuring visuomotor attention

Attention underpins many activities integral to a child’s development. However, methodological limitations currently make large-scale assessment of children’s attentional skill impractical, costly and lacking in ecological validity. Consequently we developed a measure of ‘Visual Motor Attention’ (VMA) - a construct defined as the ability to sustain and adapt visuomotor behaviour in response to task-relevant visual information. In a series of experiments, we evaluated the capability of our method to measure attentional processes and their contributions in guiding visuomotor behaviour. Experiment 1 established the method’s core features (ability to track stimuli moving on a tablet-computer screen with a hand-held stylus) and demonstrated its sensitivity to principled manipulations in adults’ attentional load. Experiment 2 standardised a format suitable for use with children and showed construct validity by capturing developmental changes in executive attention processes. Experiment 3 tested the hypothesis that children with and without coordination difficulties would show qualitatively different response patterns, finding an interaction between the cognitive and motor factors underpinning responses. Experiment 4 identified associations between VMA performance and existing standardised attention assessments and thereby confirmed convergent validity. These results establish a novel approach to measuring childhood attention that can produce meaningful functional assessments that capture how attention operates in an ecologically valid context (i.e. attention's specific contribution to visuomanual action)

Global overview of the management of acute cholecystitis during the COVID-19 pandemic (CHOLECOVID study)

Background: This study provides a global overview of the management of patients with acute cholecystitis during the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: CHOLECOVID is an international, multicentre, observational comparative study of patients admitted to hospital with acute cholecystitis during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data on management were collected for a 2-month study interval coincident with the WHO declaration of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and compared with an equivalent pre-pandemic time interval. Mediation analysis examined the influence of SARS-COV-2 infection on 30-day mortality. Results: This study collected data on 9783 patients with acute cholecystitis admitted to 247 hospitals across the world. The pandemic was associated with reduced availability of surgical workforce and operating facilities globally, a significant shift to worse severity of disease, and increased use of conservative management. There was a reduction (both absolute and proportionate) in the number of patients undergoing cholecystectomy from 3095 patients (56.2 per cent) pre-pandemic to 1998 patients (46.2 per cent) during the pandemic but there was no difference in 30-day all-cause mortality after cholecystectomy comparing the pre-pandemic interval with the pandemic (13 patients (0.4 per cent) pre-pandemic to 13 patients (0.6 per cent) pandemic; P = 0.355). In mediation analysis, an admission with acute cholecystitis during the pandemic was associated with a non-significant increased risk of death (OR 1.29, 95 per cent c.i. 0.93 to 1.79, P = 0.121). Conclusion: CHOLECOVID provides a unique overview of the treatment of patients with cholecystitis across the globe during the first months of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The study highlights the need for system resilience in retention of elective surgical activity. Cholecystectomy was associated with a low risk of mortality and deferral of treatment results in an increase in avoidable morbidity that represents the non-COVID cost of this pandemic