30,218 research outputs found
Supersymmetric Higgs Triplets and Bilinear R-Parity Nonconservation
The supersymmetric standard model of particle interactions is extended to
include two Higgs triplet superfields at the TeV scale, carrying two units of
lepton number. Realistic tree-level Majorana neutrino masses are obtained in
the presence of soft, i.e. bilinear, R-parity nonconservation.Comment: 5 pages, no figur
Magnetic transitions in Pr2NiO4 single crystal
The magnetic properties of a stoichiometric Pr2NiO4 single crystal have been examined by means of the temperature dependence of the complex ac susceptibility and the isothermal magnetization in fields up to 200 kOe at T=4.2 K. Three separate phases have been identified and their anisotropic character has been analyzed. A collinear antiferromagnetic phase appears first between TN = 325 K and Tc1 = 115 K, where the Pr ions are polarized by an internal magnetic field. At Tc1 a first modification of the magnetic structure occurs in parallel with a structural phase transition (Bmab to P42/ncm). This magnetic transition has a firstâorder character and involves both the outâofâplane and the inâplane spin components (magnetic modes gx and gxcyfz, respectively). A second magnetic transition having also a firstâorder character is also clearly identified at Tc2 = 90 K which corresponds to a spin reorientation process (gxcyfz to cxgyaz magnetic modes). It should be noted as well that the outâofâphase component of Ïac shows a peak around 30 K which reflects the coexistence of both magnetic configurations in a wide temperature interval. Finally, two fieldâinduced transitions have been observed at 4.2 K when the field is directed along the c axis. We propose that the highâfield anomaly arises from a metamagnetic transition of the weak ferromagnetic component, similarly to La2CuO4
The Nature of Deeply Buried Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies: A Unified Model for Highly Obscured Dusty Galaxy Emission
We present models of deeply buried ultraluminous infrared galaxy (ULIRG)
spectral energy distributions (SEDs) and use them to construct a
three-dimensional diagram for diagnosing the nature of observed ULIRGs. Our
goal is to construct a suite of SEDs for a very simple model ULIRG structure,
and to explore how well this simple model can (by itself) explain the full
range of observed ULIRG properties. We use our diagnostic to analyze archival
Spitzer Space Telescope IRS spectra of ULIRGs and find that: (1) In general,
our model does provide a comprehensive explanation of the distribution of
mid-IR ULIRG properties; (2) >75% (in some cases 100%) of the bolometric
luminosities of the most deeply buried ULIRGs must be powered by a
dust-enshrouded active galactic nucleus; (3) an unobscured "keyhole" view
through <~10% of the obscuring medium surrounding a deeply buried ULIRG is
sufficient to make it appear nearly unobscured in the mid-IR; and (4) the
observed absence of deeply buried ULIRGs with large PAH equivalent widths is
naturally explained by our models showing that deep absorption features are
"filled-in" by small quantities of foreground unobscured PAH emission (e.g.,
from the host galaxy disk) at the level of ~1% the bolometric nuclear
luminosity. The modeling and analysis we present will also serve as a powerful
tool for interpreting the high angular resolution spectra of high-redshift
sources to be obtained with the James Webb Space Telescope.Comment: 20 pages, 14 figures. Accepted for publication in the Ap
Oxidative Stress Response to Short Duration Bout of Submaximal Aerobic Exercise in Healthy Young Adults
The purpose of this study was to investigate the oxidative stress response to a short duration bout of submaximal exercise in a cohort of healthy young adults. 15 apparently healthy college age males and females completed a modified Bruce-protocol treadmill test to 75â80% of their heart rate reserve. Blood samples collected immediately before (pre-exercise), immediately after, 30, 60 and 120 minutes post-exercise were assayed for total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide disumutase (SOD), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), and protein carbonyls (PC). SOD activity was significantly increased from pre-exercise levels at 30 minutes (77%), 60 minutes (33%), and 120 minutes (37%) post-exercise. TAC levels were also significantly increased from pre-exercise levels at 60 minutes (30%) and 120 minutes (33%) post-exercise. There were no significant changes in biomarkers for reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (RONS) mediated damage (TBARS and PC) across all post-exercise time points. In a cohort of healthy young adults, a short duration bout of submaximal aerobic exercise elicited increases in antioxidant activity/concentration, but did not evoke changes in oxidative stress-induced damage. These results may suggest that: (1) short duration bouts of submaximal aerobic exercise are sufficient to induce RONS generation; and (2) the antioxidant defense system is capable of protecting against enhanced RONS production induced by a short duration, submaximal exercise bout in healthy young adults
Vacuum-UV spectroscopy of interstellar ice analogs. II. Absorption cross-sections of nonpolar ice molecules
Dust grains in cold circumstellar regions and dark-cloud interiors at 10-20 K
are covered by ice mantles. A nonthermal desorption mechanism is invoked to
explain the presence of gas-phase molecules in these environments, such as the
photodesorption induced by irradiation of ice due to secondary ultraviolet
photons. To quantify the effects of ice photoprocessing, an estimate of the
photon absorption in ice mantles is required. In a recent work, we reported the
vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) absorption cross sections of nonpolar molecules in the
solid phase. The aim was to estimate the VUV-absorption cross sections of
nonpolar molecular ice components, including CH4, CO2, N2, and O2. The column
densities of the ice samples deposited at 8 K were measured in situ by infrared
spectroscopy in transmittance. VUV spectra of the ice samples were collected in
the 120-160 nm (10.33-7.74 eV) range using a commercial microwave-discharged
hydrogen flow lamp. We found that, as expected, solid N2 has the lowest
VUV-absorption cross section, which about three orders of magnitude lower than
that of other species such as O2, which is also homonuclear. Methane (CH4) ice
presents a high absorption near Ly-alpha (121.6 nm) and does not absorb below
148 nm. Estimating the ice absorption cross sections is essential for models of
ice photoprocessing and allows estimating the ice photodesorption rates as the
number of photodesorbed molecules per absorbed photon in the ice.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, 7 table
Millimagnitude Photometry for Transiting Extrasolar Planetary Candidates. V. Follow-up of 30 OGLE Transits. New Candidates
We used VLT/VIMOS images in the V band to obtain light curves of extrasolar
planetary transits OGLE-TR-111 and OGLE-TR-113, and candidate planetary
transits: OGLE-TR-82, OGLE-TR-86, OGLE-TR-91, OGLE-TR-106, OGLE-TR-109,
OGLE-TR-110, OGLE-TR-159, OGLE-TR-167, OGLE-TR-170, OGLE-TR-171. Using
difference imaging photometry, we were able to achieve millimagnitude errors in
the individual data points. We present the analysis of the data and the light
curves, by measuring transit amplitudes and ephemerides, and by calculating
geometrical parameters for some of the systems. We observed 9 OGLE objects at
the predicted transit moments. Two other transits were shifted in time by a few
hours. For another seven objects we expected to observe transits during the
VIMOS run, but they were not detected. The stars OGLE-TR-111 and OGLE-TR-113
are probably the only OGLE objects in the observed sample to host planets, with
the other objects being very likely eclipsing binaries or multiple systems. In
this paper we also report on four new transiting candidates which we have found
in the data.Comment: 11 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in A&
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