Análise da representatividade das unidades de conservação federais na Bacia do Rio São Francisco

No presente trabalho foi feito um levantamento dos percentuais de áreasprotegidas da bacia do rio São Francisco relacionando-os com os percentuais nacionais,por meio de técnicas de geoprocessamento. Estimou-se um percentual de 1,66% deáreas protegidas para a bacia do rio São Francisco, sendo 0,63% referente às categoriasde Proteção Integral e 1,63% às de Uso Sustentado. Esse percentual total da bacia ficamuito aquém do nacional (5,83%) e é muito baixo para uma área de importância cultural,social e ambiental. Os baixos valores encontrados revelam um déficit significativo deáreas preservadas na bacia o que, provavelmente, reflete negativamente na qualidade devida de seus habitantes. Esses índices fornecem subsídios para priorizar a implantaçãode novas áreas de preservação. _______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTIn this paper it was made a survey of the protected areas percent of the SãoFrancisco basin and its relationship with the national percent ones, through the use ofGIS techniques. It was estimated 1,66% of protected areas for the San Francisco basin,being 0,63% related to Integral Protection categories and 1,63% to sustainable use. Thisbasin value is lower than the national (5,83%) and it is very low for an important area withcultural, social and environmental potential. The low values reveal a significant deficit ofpreserved areas in the basin that, probably, affect the inhabitants. Those indexes can beused to implement the new conservation areas

ANÁLISE DA REPRESENTATIVIDADE DAS UNIDADES DE CONSERVAÇÃO FEDERAIS NA BACIA DO RIO SÃO FRANCISCO.

In this paper it was made a survey of the protected areas percent of the São Francisco basin and its relationship with the national percent ones, through the use of GIS techniques. It was estimated 1,66% of protected areas for the San Francisco basin, being 0,63% related to Integral Protection categories and 1,63% to sustainable use. This basin value is lower than the national (5,83%) and it is very low for an important area with cultural, social and environmental potential. The low values reveal a significant deficit of preserved areas in the basin that, probably, affect the inhabitants. Those indexes can be used to implement the new conservation areas.No presente trabalho foi feito um levantamento dos percentuais de áreas protegidas da bacia do rio São Francisco relacionando-os com os percentuais nacionais, por meio de técnicas de geoprocessamento. Estimou-se um percentual de 1,66% de áreas protegidas para a bacia do rio São Francisco, sendo 0,63% referente às categorias de Proteção Integral e 1,63% às de Uso Sustentado. Esse percentual total da bacia fica muito aquém do nacional (5,83%) e é muito baixo para uma área de importância cultural, social e ambiental. Os baixos valores encontrados revelam um déficit significativo de áreas preservadas na bacia o que, provavelmente, reflete negativamente na qualidade de vida de seus habitantes. Esses índices fornecem subsídios para priorizar a implantação de novas áreas de preservação

SARS-CoV-2 introductions and early dynamics of the epidemic in Portugal

Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Portugal was rapidly implemented by the National Institute of Health in the early stages of the COVID-19 epidemic, in collaboration with more than 50 laboratories distributed nationwide. Methods By applying recent phylodynamic models that allow integration of individual-based travel history, we reconstructed and characterized the spatio-temporal dynamics of SARSCoV-2 introductions and early dissemination in Portugal. Results We detected at least 277 independent SARS-CoV-2 introductions, mostly from European countries (namely the United Kingdom, Spain, France, Italy, and Switzerland), which were consistent with the countries with the highest connectivity with Portugal. Although most introductions were estimated to have occurred during early March 2020, it is likely that SARS-CoV-2 was silently circulating in Portugal throughout February, before the first cases were confirmed. Conclusions Here we conclude that the earlier implementation of measures could have minimized the number of introductions and subsequent virus expansion in Portugal. This study lays the foundation for genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Portugal, and highlights the need for systematic and geographically-representative genomic surveillance.We gratefully acknowledge to Sara Hill and Nuno Faria (University of Oxford) and Joshua Quick and Nick Loman (University of Birmingham) for kindly providing us with the initial sets of Artic Network primers for NGS; Rafael Mamede (MRamirez team, IMM, Lisbon) for developing and sharing a bioinformatics script for sequence curation (https://github.com/rfm-targa/BioinfUtils); Philippe Lemey (KU Leuven) for providing guidance on the implementation of the phylodynamic models; Joshua L. Cherry (National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health) for providing guidance with the subsampling strategies; and all authors, originating and submitting laboratories who have contributed genome data on GISAID (https://www.gisaid.org/) on which part of this research is based. The opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the view of the National Institutes of Health, the Department of Health and Human Services, or the United States government. This study is co-funded by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia and Agência de Investigação Clínica e Inovação Biomédica (234_596874175) on behalf of the Research 4 COVID-19 call. Some infrastructural resources used in this study come from the GenomePT project (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-022184), supported by COMPETE 2020 - Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), Lisboa Portugal Regional Operational Programme (Lisboa2020), Algarve Portugal Regional Operational Programme (CRESC Algarve2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), and by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

I_PP7_Mycorrhization and micropropation of chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) seedlings as tools to obtain high added-value phenolic compounds

MiChestnut3 is a project of the company DEIFIL whose main objective is to produce more resistant and productive hybrid chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) seedlings through micropropagation and mycorrhization techniques. In this work, in addition to the agronomic traits of the micropropagated mycorrhizal chestnut seedlings, it was also important to evaluate the changes induced by mycorrhization in the phenolic profile of these plants. Phenolic compounds are plant secondary metabolites involved in plant-microbe interactions/symbiosis and act as signaling molecules in the establishment of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses, as well as in plant defense mechanisms [1]. According to the literature, considerable increases in phenolic compounds in host plants as a result of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus inoculation have been reported during the progression of the infection [1]. Therefore, this work was carried out to study the impact of the type of fungal inoculum and the period of mycorrhization (before or after potting) on the qualitative and quantitative profile of phenolic compounds of the roots and leaves of the chestnut seedlings produced by DEIFIL. After collection and lyophilization of the plant material, hydroethanolic extracts were prepared and the phenolic compounds were characterized by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS [2]. Ellagic acid derivatives and Oglycosylated flavonoids were the major phenolic compounds in both plant roots and leaves, which agreed with previous reports [2,3]. A statistical analysis showed that the type of inoculum and period of mycorrhization significantly (p<0.05) affected the phenolic profile of the chestnut hybrids. In general, the mycorrhizal seedlings with the fungi Amanita caesarea and Boletus edulis were those that presented the highest levels of phenolic compounds. Relationships between the levels of these signaling compounds and the agronomic performance of chestnut seedlings were also found. The results bring new perspectives into the future production of a hybrid chestnut tree resistant to ink disease in the main traditional Portuguese varietiesThe authors are grateful to the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) for financial support through national funds FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC) to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020 and UIDP/00690/2020) and SusTEC (LA/P/0007/2021). To FCT for the contract of M.I. Dias (CEEC Institucional), C. Pereira (CEEC Institucional), J. Pinela (CEECIND/01011/2018), and L. Barros (CEEC Institucional). To 2020 North Portugal Regional Operational Programme through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) for co-funding the MiChestnut3 Individual R&D project (45079).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Low dose systemic or intralesional meglumine antimoniate treatment for American tegumentary leishmaniasis results in low lethality, low incidence of relapse, and low late mucosal involvement in a referral centre in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (2001-2013)

BACKGROUND American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) is a non-lethal parasitic disease that presents with cutaneous (CL) and mucosal (ML) clinical forms. ATL treatment aims at healing the lesions and preventing the development of the late mucosal form. Systemic meglumine antimoniate (MA) therapy with 10-20 mg Sb5+/kg/day is the first choice of treatment. However, alternative therapies using 5 mg Sb5+/kg/day or intralesional (IL) MA are the usual regimens at the National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. OBJECTIVES To evaluate lethality and the incidence of relapse and development of late ML in CL patients treated at NIID from 2001 until 2013. METHODS Data were recovered from records of all ATL patients diagnosed during that period. FINDINGS Out of 777 patients, 753 were treated with MA (96.9%). Of those, 89.1% received alternative therapy of 9.9% IL and 79.2% systemic 5 mg Sb5+/kg/day. Some patients required 1-3 additional courses of treatment, thus making a total of 997 courses; 85.2% of them were subjected to alternative therapies. Lethality was 0.1%, relapse incidence 5.8%, and late ML incidence 0.25%. As a final outcome for the 777 patients, 95.9% were cured, 0.1% died and 4.0% were not able to follow-up. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Alternative MA schedules resulted in low lethality without increase of relapse or late ML incidence

Low dose systemic or intralesional meglumine antimoniate treatment for American tegumentary leishmaniasis results in low lethality, low incidence of relapse, and low late mucosal involvement in a referral centre in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (2001-2013)

<div><p> BACKGROUND American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) is a non-lethal parasitic disease that presents with cutaneous (CL) and mucosal (ML) clinical forms. ATL treatment aims at healing the lesions and preventing the development of the late mucosal form. Systemic meglumine antimoniate (MA) therapy with 10-20 mg Sb5+/kg/day is the first choice of treatment. However, alternative therapies using 5 mg Sb5+/kg/day or intralesional (IL) MA are the usual regimens at the National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. OBJECTIVES To evaluate lethality and the incidence of relapse and development of late ML in CL patients treated at NIID from 2001 until 2013. METHODS Data were recovered from records of all ATL patients diagnosed during that period. FINDINGS Out of 777 patients, 753 were treated with MA (96.9%). Of those, 89.1% received alternative therapy of 9.9% IL and 79.2% systemic 5 mg Sb5+/kg/day. Some patients required 1-3 additional courses of treatment, thus making a total of 997 courses; 85.2% of them were subjected to alternative therapies. Lethality was 0.1%, relapse incidence 5.8%, and late ML incidence 0.25%. As a final outcome for the 777 patients, 95.9% were cured, 0.1% died and 4.0% were not able to follow-up. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Alternative MA schedules resulted in low lethality without increase of relapse or late ML incidence.</p></div