La felicidad organizacional, un nuevo reto de intervención en la gestión humana para aumentar la productividad y motivación laboral.

La felicidad es un estado emocional, que genera en los individuos sentimientos de realización y de bienestar, en este sentido facilita niveles de motivación altos, que benefician las actividades cotidianas, y en especial las dinámicas laborales a nivel individual y grupal, que dentro de las organizaciones de hoy en día, son objeto de estudio, debido a que han existido varios cambios en el mercado y las dinámicas económicas, logrando así convertirse en un eje principal de la calidad y la producción en el trabajo.Happiness is an emotional state, wich generates in individuals feelings of accomplishment and well-being, in this sense facilitates high levels of motivation, wich benefit everyday activities, especially the dynamic work at individual and group level, within the organizations today are studied, because there have been several changes in the market and economic dynamics, achieving become a main focus of the quality and production work

El principio de subsidiariedad en la Ley Especial de Adopciones de El Salvador

La gran novedad en este trabajo es que se tomara como principal punto de análisis la Ley Especial de adopciones, la cual entro en vigencia el 24 de abril de 2017, incluyendo en su articulado la regulación del principio de subsidiariedad, siendo uno de los principios fundamentales de la referida ley, estableciendo a plenitud la aplicación de este principio en las adopciones en El Salvador

Transformaciones del Sistema de Salud Ecuatoriano

Objective: To describe the transformations of the structure of the health system in Ecuador, taking into account the constitutional and policy context of that country, and to reflect on the historical context in which it occurred and its implications for the welfare of the people from Ecuador. Materials and methods: A bibliographic review was made, beginning with the regulations of Ecuador since the Constitution of 1979, where health is considered as a right, passing by the Organic Law of Health, the Social Security Act, among others, including the last reform of the Constitution in 2008. Results: The transformation of the Health System of Ecuador is the result of the action of economic and political forces, both internal and external, that have affected this country throughout the studied period

Impulsivity and sexual addiction: factor structure and criterion-related validity of the sexual addiction screening test in Mexican adults

Sexual addiction is associated with serious health problems. Due to that fact, it is quite important to perform a comprehensive assessment. The Sex Addiction Screening Test (SAST-R) is a self-administered questionnaire with good psychometric properties used in several countries. Our study conducts a cross-cultural adaptation of the SAST-R on the Mexican population. The original version of the SAST-R was translated into Mexican Spanish, and we performed a pilot with 23 participants to be sure that the participants understood the meaning of the items. The final version was administered to 370 adults who completed the SAST-R, and measures of impulsivity (the Kirby questionnaire), reward/punishment responsivity (BIS-BAS scale), personality (BIG-Five), and psychological distress (SCL-90). The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with a five-factor model with one second-order factor model had the best fit. Reliability analysis suggests acceptable internal consistency (α = 0.80). The SAST-R scores exhibited significant correlations with several variables. Specifically, they showed a positive correlation with the neuroticism scale (r = 0.11, p < 0.05), a negative correlation with the conscientiousness scale (r = –0.21, p < 0.01), a negative correlation with the BIS scale (r = −0.11, p < 0.05), and a positive correlation with psychological distress (r = 0.34, p < 0.01). Notably, there were no significant correlations observed with variables that we initially expected to have a substantial association, such as impulsivity (r = –0.004, p > 0.05) and the three BAS subscales (p > 0.05). We found with an algorithm that psychological distress, impulsivity, neuroticism, and agreeableness were the good predictors to identify high scores of hypersexuality. Our results confirmed that the Mexican Spanish version of the SAST-R has good psychometric properties to be used in future research

Risk behaviors in youth from Mexico City: a retrospective study

In the transition from adolescence to adulthood, an increase in several risk behaviors endangers the well-being of future life. It is in this period when there are changes in the relationships of adolescents with their family environment; therefore, retrospective studies are valuable to understand how these changes occur. This research describes the changes in risk behaviors associated with sexual activity and the consumption of tobacco, alcohol and illegal drugs, from youth to adulthood. A sample of 5780 students, men and women, from Mexico City was used. The selection of participants was retrospective and they were evaluated in three stages during years (2003, 2006 and 2010) in a period of seven years. Eleven indicators of and Automated Medical Examination (EMA) were used to evaluate the four risk behaviors. The results showed significant relationships (p <0.001) between the risk behaviors and the gender of the students, also indicated that men had a greater number of risk behaviors than women. Likewise, significant differences were found in the risk behaviors (p <0.001) over time. The findings allowed us to observe an increase in risk behaviors in the transition from adolescence to adulthood, both in men and women

Relación del farmacéutico y generalidades de la farmacovigilancia

La farmacovigilancia es la encargada de vigilar la eficacia y seguridad de los medicamentos, en un trabajo conjunto del farmacéutico, estar velando que todo marche de forma correcta y así salvaguardar la vida y la salud de los pacientes; es indispensable llevar una farmacovigilancia de la mano de los entes reguladores, entre estos el INVIMA, teniendo las bases de datos para poder adquirir y de la misma forma dispensar medicamentos avalados; esta será una forma de promover métodos y programas para educar al paciente para que no siga cometiendo los mismos errores con los medicamentos, que no adquieran medicamentos sin INVIMA ya que son desconfiables pues no han sido estudiados y debido a ello se dan los eventos adversos y las reacciones adversas y los problemas relacionados con medicamentos ya que al adquirir medicamentos fraudulentos, sin previo análisis y no tomar los medicamentos con precaución y no teniendo en cuenta que hay medicamentos que pueden interactuar con otros medicamentos, con enfermedades, con alimentos y (o) bebidas. El farmacéutico tiene el deber de educar al paciente por medio de estos programas para que el paciente aprenda a tener un uso adecuado y racional de medicamentos, tenga claro que se debe realizar los tratamientos completos, los medicamentos se deben tomar a la hora indicada, en el momento indicado para conseguir los resultados esperados. Los medicamentos se deben tomar si son necesarios, preferiblemente siempre bajo supervisión profesional, pues se deben tener en cuenta los padecimientos de salud existentes y los hábitos alimenticios, para saber si es adecuado tomar un medicamento, sin que nos valla a causar un daño mayor.Pharmacovigilance is in charge of monitoring the efficacy and safety of medicines, in a joint work of the pharmacist, ensuring that everything runs smoothly and thus safeguard the life and health of patients; It is essential to carry a pharmacovigilance in the hands of the regulatory entities, among them the INVIMA, having the databases to be able to acquire and in the same way dispense endorsed medications; This will be a way of promoting methods and programs to educate the patient so that they do not continue to make the same mistakes with medications, that they do not purchase medications without INVIMA since they are unreliable since they have not been studied and due to this, adverse events and adverse reactions and drug-related problems since when acquiring fraudulent drugs, without prior analysis and not taking the drugs with caution and not taking into account that there are drugs that can interact with other drugs, with diseases, with food and (or) drinks. The pharmacist has the duty to educate the patient through these programs so that the patient learns to have an adequate and rational use of medications, be clear that complete treatments must be carried out, medications must be taken at the indicated time, in the right time to achieve the expected results. Medications should be taken if necessary, preferably always under professional supervision, since existing health conditions and eating habits must be taken into account, to know if it is appropriate to take a medication, without going to cause further damage

La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia. Departamentos de Tolima y Caquetá

El presente documento tiene como propósito que el profesional en proceso de formación esté en la capacidad de comprender la praxis y el uso de recursos conceptuales a partir de lo psicosocial; en relación con memoria, subjetividad y violencia. Sin duda alguna es importante reconocer en el proceso, la relevancia del uso de las herramientas metodológicas disciplinares apropiadas para la evaluación psicosocial en eventos traumáticos como consecuencia de la violencia suscitada en escenarios de conflicto. El aprovechamiento de estos recursos y la potenciación de estos facilita los procesos de confrontación psicosocial desde la individualidad y colectividad, estimulando la promoción de redes de apoyo frente al sufrimiento por la violencia. Sustentado bajo el enfoque narrativo, el cual permite la recopilación de historias teniendo en cuenta los elementos del contexto enriquecido con las experiencias de los protagonistas de cada relato, para lograr comprender la realidad de cada personaje, la forma en como construye su propia realidad, sus percepciones y practicas cotidianas. De esta manera es como el enfoque narrativo incorpora los testimonios y componentes contextuales de los protagonistas, aportando elementos de transformación de historias de victimismo (miedo, dolor, terror e ira) en historias de sobrevivientes y esperanzadoras para que el individuo realice la deconstrucción y reconstrucción de las situaciones manifiestas; esta herramienta hace parte de un pensamiento sistémico. Finalmente se logra un análisis desde los aspectos psicosociales, identidades, significados, voces, subjetividades, procesos de resiliencia y resignificación; ahondada desde las narrativas mediante el uso de preguntas de orden circular, estratégicas, reflexivas y la propuesta de una planificación de abordaje psicosocial que brinde a estas comunidades recursos de afrontamiento y la construcción de nuevas historias. Siendo estas herramientas significativas en el proceso de formación profesional.The purpose of this document is that the professional in the training process is able to understand the praxis and the use of conceptual resources from the psychosocial; in relation to memory, subjectivity and violence. Undoubtedly, it is important to recognize in the process the relevance of the use of appropriate disciplinary methodological tools for psychosocial evaluation in traumatic events as a consequence of violence in conflict settings. The use of these resources and the empowerment of these facilitates the processes of psychosocial confrontation from the individuality and community, stimulating the promotion of support networks in the face of suffering from violence. Supported by the narrative approach, which allows the compilation of stories taking into account the elements of the context enriched with the experiences of the protagonists of each story, in order to understand the reality of each character, the way in which they build their own reality, their perceptions and daily practices. This is how the narrative approach incorporates the testimonies and contextual components of the protagonists, contributing elements of transformation of stories of victimhood (fear, pain, terror and anger) into stories of survivors and hope for the individual to carry out deconstruction and reconstruction. of manifest situations; this tool is part of systemic thinking. Finally, an analysis is achieved from psychosocial aspects, identities, meanings, voices, subjectivities, resilience and resignification processes; deepened from the narratives through the use of circular, strategic, reflective questions and the proposal of a psychosocial approach planning that provides these communities with coping resources and the construction of new stories. Being these significant tools in the process of professional training

Evaluación Térmica De Un Secador Solar Tipo Túnel Con Hibridación De Tecnologías Solares

Food preservation techniques have allowed seasonal foods to be consumed at any time of the year. Drying has been used for many years as a means of preservation to dry a wide variety of products. A tunnel-type solar dryer with the coupling of solar water and air heating technologies was built in the Faculty of Engineering of the Autonomous University of Campeche, located between the parallels 17°49' and 20°51' north latitude and the meridians 89°06' and 92°27' west longitude. The results of its thermal evaluation considering temperatures within the drying chamber and the climatological parameters are presented in this work. The results indicate that higher temperatures were reached with the air collector, the second-best option turned out to be the use of both technologies at the same time, and the lowest temperatures were obtained with the solar heaters of evacuated tubes, reaching 49°C, 48 °C, and 46 °C, respectively. The highest measured solar irradiation was 936.5 W/m2, the highest ambient temperature was 33.3 °C, and the lowest relative humidity was 63% at 13:00 h. &nbsp;Las técnicas de conservación de alimentos han permitido que los alimentos estacionales puedan consumirse durante cualquier época del año lo cual es fundamental para garantizar la seguridad alimentaria de todos los habitantes del planeta. El secado se ha utilizado durante muchos años como medio de conservación para secar una gran variedad de productos. Se construyó un secador solar tipo túnel con acoplamiento de tecnologías de calentamiento solar de agua y aire en la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, ubicada entre los paralelos 17°49' y 20°51' de latitud norte y los meridianos 89°06' y 92°27' de longitud oeste; se presentan en este trabajo los resultados de su evaluación térmica considerando temperaturas dentro de la cámara de secado y los parámetros climatológicos. Los resultados indican que se alcanzaron mayores temperaturas con el colector de aire, la segunda mejor opción resultó ser la utilización de ambas tecnologías al mismo tiempo y las temperaturas más bajas se obtuvieron con los calentadores solares de tubos evacuados, alcanzando 49 °C, 48 °C y 46 °C, respectivamente. La irradiación solar más alta medida fue de 936.5 W/m2, la temperatura ambiente más elevada, 33.3 °C y la humedad relativa más baja fue de 63 %, a las 13:00 h

Construction of reference chromosome-scale pseudomolecules for potato: integrating the potato genome with genetic and physical maps

The genome of potato, a major global food crop, was recently sequenced. The work presented here details the integration of the potato reference genome (DM) with a new STS marker based linkage map and other physical and genetic maps of potato and the closely related species tomato. Primary anchoring of the DM genome assembly was accomplished using a diploid segregating population, which was genotyped with several types of molecular genetic markers to construct a new ~936 cM linkage map comprising 2,469 marker loci. In silico anchoring approaches employed genetic and physical maps from the diploid potato genotype RH and tomato. This combined approach has allowed 951 superscaffolds to be ordered into pseudomolecules corresponding to the 12 potato chromosomes. These pseudomolecules represent 674 Mb (~93%) of the 723 Mb genome assembly and 37,482 (~96%) of the 39,031 predicted genes. The superscaffold order and orientation within the pseudomolecules is closely collinear with independently constructed high density linkage maps. Comparisons between marker distribution and physical location reveal regions of greater and lesser recombination, as well as regions exhibiting significant segregation distortion. The work presented here has led to a greatly improved ordering of the potato reference genome superscaffolds into chromosomal 'pseudomolecules'.Fil: Carboni, Martín Federico. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: D'ambrosio, Juan Martín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional San Cristobal de Huamanga. Laboratorio de Genética y Biotecnología Vegetal; PerúFil: Sharma, Sanjeev Kumar. The James Hutton Institute; Reino UnidoFil: Bolser, Daniel. University of Dundee; Reino UnidoFil: de Boer, Jan. Wageningen University & Researc; Países BajosFil: Sønderkær, Mads . Aalborg University; DinamarcaFil: Amoros, Walter. International Potato Center; PerúFil: de la Cruz, Germán. Universidad Nacional San Cristobal de Huamanga; PerúFil: Di Genova, Alex. Universidad de Chile; ChileFil: Douches, David S.. Michigan State University; Estados UnidosFil: Eguiluz, Maria. Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia; PerúFil: Guo, Xiao. Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; ChinaFil: Guzman, Frank. Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia; PerúFil: Hackett, Christine A.. Biomathematics and Statistics Scotland; Reino UnidoFil: Hamilton, John P.. Crops Environment and Land Use Programme; IrlandaFil: Li, Guangcun. Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; ChinaFil: Li, Ying. The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research; Nueva ZelandaFil: Lozano, Roberto. Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia; PerúFil: Maass, Alejandro. Universidad de Chile; ChileFil: Marshall, David. The James Hutton Institute; Reino UnidoFil: Martinez, Diana. Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia; PerúFil: McLean, Karen. The James Hutton Institute; Reino UnidoFil: Mejía, Nilo. Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. Centro Regional de Investigación La Platina; ChileFil: Milne, Linda. The James Hutton Institute; Reino UnidoFil: Munive, Susan. International Potato Center; PerúFil: Nagy, Istvan. Crops Environment and Land Use Programme; IrlandaFil: Ponce, Olga. Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia; PerúFil: Ramirez, Manuel. Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia; PerúFil: Simon, Reinhard. International Potato Center; PerúFil: Thomson, Susan J.. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Chin