High-order accurate Lagrange-remap hydrodynamic schemes on staggered Cartesian grids

International audienceWe consider a class of staggered grid schemes for solving the 1D Euler equations in internal energy formulation. The proposed schemes are applicable to arbitrary equations of state and high-order accurate in both space and time on smooth flows. Adding a discretization of the kinetic energy equation, a high-order kinetic energy synchronization procedure is introduced, preserving globally total energy and enabling proper shock capturing. Extension to 2D Cartesian grids is done via C-type staggering and high-order dimensional splitting. Numerical results are provided up to 8th order accuracy

Une Methode de decomposition de domaine pour le probleme de Heimhlotz

Projet IDENTRésumé disponible dans le fichier PD

Towards a case-based reasoning approach to analyze road accidents

In this paper the prototype of a system designed to analyze road accidents is presented. The analysis is carried out in order to recog- nize within accident reports general mechanisms of road accidents that represent prototypes of road accidents. Case Based Reasoning (CBR) is the chosen problem solving paradigm. Natural language documents and semi-structured documents are used to build the cases of our sys- tem, which creates a di±culty. To cope with this di±culty we propose approaches integrating semantic resources. Hence, an ontology of acci- dentology and a terminology of road accidents are used to build cases. The alignment of two resources supports the retrieval process. A data processing model, based on models of accidentology, is proposed to rep- resent the cases of the system. This paper presents the architecture of ACCTOS (ACCident TO Scenarios), a case based reasoning system pro- totype. The model to represent the cases is introduced and the phases of the case based reasoning cycle are detailed.Applications in Artificial Intelligence - ApplicationsRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

Pourquoi refuser de délivrer des soins ?

This article analyses social dynamics of care refusal by private practitioners towards patients covered by public funded complementary health insurance (CMU-C). The data are based on in-depth face-to-face interviews with physicians and dentists conducted between (2015-2016), and are analyzed from a socio-anthropological approach. The results show intertwining between economic logic and non-economic such as the social representations of those patients, the practitioners’ values, their relationship with the government and social insurance institution.Cet article vise à analyser les logiques sociales du refus de soins à l’égard des bénéficiaires de la Couverture maladie universelle complémentaire par des professionnels de santé de ville. Les résultats reposent sur une analyse socioanthropologique de discours d’une cinquantaine de médecins et dentistes, récoltés entre 2015 et 2016. Ils montrent l’intrication entre des logiques économiques et non économiques, telles que les représentations de cette catégorie de patients, les valeurs des praticiens et leur rapport à l’État et à l’assurance maladie

Monoclonal antibodies against sporangia and spores of Marteilla sp. (Protozoa: Ascetospora)

6 pages, 4 figures.Digestive glands of mussels Mytilus edulis from Brittany, France, infected with Marteilia sp. (Ascetospora) were used to purify the parasite. A modification of a previously used punfication protocol increased purification efficiency, permitting sporangial primordia and sporangia of Marteilia sp. to be obtained. Mouse (Balb/c) monoclonal antibodies were generated against this parasite. From the fusion, 26 monoclonal antibodies against Marteilia sp. were obtained. Antibodies from 6 clones reacted only with Marteilia sp. cells and not with normal host tissues. Four of these antibodies (1/1-3, 3/1-1, 4/1-1 and 6/2-3) reacted with the sporangia wall and two with the spore cytoplasm (9/1-1 and 12/5-1), Antibodies cross-reacted with Marteilia refringens from Mytilus galloprovincialis obtained in the Ría de Vigo, Spain.J.A.F.R. acknowledges Xunta de Galicia, Spain, for his with research fellowship at the IIM-CSIC and Caixa Galicia for his research fellowship at IFREMER - La Tremblade.Peer reviewe

The large form of human 2′,5′-Oligoadenylate Synthetase (OAS3) exerts antiviral effect against Chikungunya virus

AbstractChikungunya virus (CHIKV) becomes one of the most important mosquito-borne alphavirus in the medical field. CHIKV is highly sensitive to antiviral activity of Type-I interferons (IFN-α/β). Here, we investigated the role of IFN-induced 2′,5′-Oligoadenylate Synthetase (OAS) family in innate immunity to CHIKV. We established inducible human epithelial HeLa cell lines expressing either the large form of human OAS, OAS3, or the genetic variant OAS3-R844X which is predicted to lack about 20% of the OAS3 protein from the carboxy terminus. HeLa cells respond to ectopic OAS3 expression by efficiently inhibiting CHIKV growth. The characteristic of the antiviral effect was a blockade in early stages of virus replication. Thus, OAS3 pathway may represent a novel antialphaviral mechanism by which IFN-α/β controls CHIKV growth. HeLa cells expressing the truncated form of OAS3 were less resistant to CHIKV infection, raising the question on the involvement of OAS3 genetic polymorphism in human susceptibility to alphavirus infection

The growth of arthralgic Ross River virus is restricted in human monocytic cells

International audienceAlphaviruses such as Chikungunya and Ross River (RRV) viruses are associated with persistent arthritisand arthralgia in humans. Monocytes and macrophages are believed to play an important role in alphaviralarthritides. In this study, we evaluated RRV permissiveness of the human acute leukemia MM6 cellline. Viral growth analysis showed that RRV infection of MM6 cells resulted in a very low virus progenyproduction with daily output. Using recombinant RRV expressing the reporter gene Renilla luciferase, aweak viral replication level was detected in infected cells at the early stages of infection. The infectionrestriction was not associated with type-I interferon and pro-inflammatory cytokines release. Apoptosishallmarks (i.e. mitochondrial BAX localisation and PARP cleavage) were observed in infected MM6cells indicating that RRV can trigger apoptosis at late infection times. The long-term persistence of RRVgenomic RNA in surviving MM6 cells identifies human monocytic cells as potential cellular reservoirs ofviral material within the infected host

The Israeli strain IS-98-ST1 of West Nile virus as viral model for West Nile encephalitis in the Old World

West Nile virus (WNV) recently became a major public health concern in North America, the Middle East, and Europe. In contrast with the investigations of the North-American isolates, the neurovirulence properties of Middle-Eastern strains of WNV have not been extensively characterized. Israeli WNV strain IS-98-ST1 that has been isolated from a white stork in 1998, was found to be highly neuroinvasive in adult C57BL/6 mice. Strain IS-98-ST1 infects primary neuronal cells from mouse cortex, causing neuronal death. These results demonstrate that Israeli strain IS-98-ST1 provides a suitable viral model for WNV-induced disease associated with recent WNV outbreaks in the Old World