Retinal macroaneurysms and macular hemorrhages: Report of five cases

Retinal macroaneurysm is an uncommon condition, found mainly in hypertensive women over age 60. We report clinical observations in five cases of complicated retinal macroaneurysms. These were all hypertensive women with a mean age of 80.2 years. All retinal macroaneurysms were located in a temporal distribution (superior branch in 80% of cases), proximal to the third bifurcation, and presented with macular hemorrhage. 4 of the 5 patients were surgically by posterior vitrectomy, and one underwent a subretinal injection of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator and gas tamponnade. Functional results were variable. Retinal atrophy secondary to the toxicity of the hemorrhage was observed in two cases. One macular hole was noted. (C) 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved

Œil et maladie des griffes du chat : à propos de 7 cas

International audienceIntroduction. - Cat scratch disease is a pleiomorphic condition, sometimes with isolated ophthalmic involvement. We report the clinical observations of seven cases with ophthalmologic manifestations of cat scratch disease. Observations. - There were seven patients, with a median age of 52 years, of whom five were women and three had unilateral involvement. Six exhibited Leber's stellate neuroretinitis, an incomplete syndrome in two cases, and one associated with chorioretinal foci. One patient had isolated retinal infiltrates. The diagnosis of cat scratch disease was confirmed by Bartonella henselae serology, positive in all cases. All patients received treatment with doxycycline. Ocular complications (with optic atrophy and macular retinal pigment epithelial changes) were noted in five cases. Discussion. - Ocular bartonellosis is an atypical clinical form. It requires a directed ancillary work-up with serology or PCR, which has the peculiarity of being highly specific if not very sensitive. Treatment is above all preventive. Antibiotics may be initiated. Conclusion. - Cat scratch disease must be excluded in the work-up of posterior uveitis. (C) 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved

Sclérites et maladies systémiques : que doit savoir l’interniste ?

IF 1.169 (2017)International audienceScleritis is an inflammatory disease of the sclera; outer tunic of the eye on which the oculomotor muscles are inserted. It can be associated with a systemic disease up to one time out of 3. These associated diseases are mainly rheumatoid arthritis, vasculitis, including granulomatosis with polyangiitis in the first line and spondyloarthropathies. Before mentioning such an etiology, it is necessary to eliminate an infectious cause, mainly herpetic, which is regularly underestimated. The classification of scleritis is clinical. We distinguish between anterior scleritis and posterior scleritis. Anterior scleritis is diffuse or nodular, usually of good prognosis. Anterior necrotizing scleritis with inflammation is often associated with an autoimmune disease, necrotizing scleritis without inflammation usually reflects advanced rheumatoid arthritis. The treatment of these conditions requires close collaboration between internists and ophthalmologists to decide on the use of corticosteroid therapy with or without immunosuppressors or biotherapies.La sclérite est une maladie inflammatoire de la sclère, tunique externe blanche de l’œil sur laquelle s’insèrent les muscles oculomoteurs. Elle peut être associée à une maladie systémique jusqu’à une fois sur trois. Ces maladies associées sont majoritairement la polyarthrite rhumatoïde, les vascularites systémiques, principalement la granulomatose avec polyangéite et les spondylarthrites. Avant d’évoquer une telle étiologie, il convient d’éliminer une cause infectieuse, principalement herpétique, probablement sous-estimée. La classification des sclérites est clinique. On distingue des sclérites antérieures et des sclérites postérieures. Les sclérites antérieures sont diffuses ou nodulaires, généralement de bon pronostic. Les sclérites antérieures nécrosantes avec inflammation sont souvent associées à une maladie auto-immune, les sclérites nécrosantes sans inflammation s’observent au cours des polyarthrites rhumatoïdes évoluées. Le traitement des sclérites associées aux maladies systémiques nécessite une collaboration étroite entre internistes et ophtalmologistes pour décider de l’utilisation d’une corticothérapie associée ou non à des immunosuppresseurs ou des biothérapies