Study of Pruning Techniques to Predict Efficient Business Decisions for a Shopping Mall

The shopping mall domain is a dynamic and unpredictable environment. Traditional techniques such as fundamental and technical analysis can provide investors with some tools for managing their shops and predicting their business growth. However, these techniques cannot discover all the possible relations between business growth and thus, there is a need for a different approach that will provide a deeper kind of analysis. Data mining can be used extensively in the shopping malls and help to increase business growth. Therefore, there is a need to find a perfect solution or an algorithm to work with this kind of environment. So we are going to study few methods of pruning with decision tree. Finally, we prove and make use of the Cost based pruning method to obtain an objective evaluation of the tendency to over prune or under prune observed in each method

Lis1 and Ndel1 influence the timing of nuclear envelope breakdown in neural stem cells

Lis1 and Ndel1 are essential for animal development. They interact directly with one another and with cytoplasmic dynein. The developing brain is especially sensitive to reduced Lis1 or Ndel1 levels, as both proteins influence spindle orientation, neural cell fate decisions, and neuronal migration. We report here that Lis1 and Ndel1 reduction in a mitotic cell line impairs prophase nuclear envelope (NE) invagination (PNEI). This dynein-dependent process facilitates NE breakdown (NEBD) and occurs before the establishment of the bipolar spindle. Ndel1 phosphorylation is important for this function, regulating binding to both Lis1 and dynein. Prophase cells in the ventricular zone (VZ) of embryonic day 13.5 Lis1+/− mouse brains show reduced PNEI, and the ratio of prophase to prometaphase cells is increased, suggesting an NEBD delay. Moreover, prophase cells in the VZ contain elevated levels of Ndel1 phosphorylated at a key cdk5 site. Our data suggest that a delay in NEBD in the VZ could contribute to developmental defects associated with Lis1–Ndel1 disruption

The Spitzer Source List

The Spitzer Science Center will produce a source list (SL) of photometry for a large subset of imaging data in the Spitzer Heritage Archive (SHA). The list will enable a large range of science projects. The primary requirement on the SL is very high reliability, with areal coverage, completeness and limiting depth being secondary considerations. The SHA at the NASA Infrared Science Archive (IRSA) will serve the SL as an enhanced data product. The SL will include data from the four channels of IRAC (3–8 microns) and the 24 micron channel of MIPS. The Source List will include image products (mosaics) and photometric data for Spitzer observations of about 1500 square degrees and include around 30 million sources. We describe the plans and timeline for development of the Spitzer Source List. We demonstrate the verification of the Source List pipeline using Spitzer Legacy catalogs at "truth tables". Finally, we discuss the range of use cases which will be supported

Utilization of Information Technology in Public Health Management: Trends and Challenges

Putting Information Technology (IT) into Public Health Management (PHM) has changed the way healthcare is provided by creating new ways to deal with difficult problems. This essay looks at current issues and trends in the use of IT in PHM, focusing on how it can help improve patient results and service performance. Recent trends show a move toward digitizing health information and using Electronic Health information (EHRs), which make it easier for healthcare workers to share data and work together. Telemedicine and mobile health apps have also made it easier for more people to get medical care, especially in places that are hard to reach or don\u27t have enough doctors. Even with these improvements, there are still problems with how IT is used in PHM. There are big problems with storing and exchanging health data because of worries about privacy and security. Strong hacking means and following data protection rules like the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) are needed to protect the privacy and safety of patient information. The digital gap is another problem. This is when some groups of people can\u27t use technology or can\u27t get their hands on it. To close this gap, we need creative solutions like community-based projects and relationships with tech companies. Additionally, the fast pace of technological progress means that healthcare workers need to keep learning and training to make sure they have the right skills to use IT successfully in PHM. DOI: https://doi.org/10.52710/seejph.49

Impact of updated clinical practice guidelines on outpatient treatment for Clostridioides difficile infection and associated clinical outcomes

BACKGROUND: The 2017 Infectious Diseases Society of America/Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (IDSA/SHEA) METHODS: A pre-post study design was employed using Medicare data. CDI treatment utilization and clinical outcomes (4- and 8-week sustained response, CDI recurrence) were compared between patients indexed from April-September 2017 (preguideline period) and those indexed from April-September 2018 (postguideline period). Clinical outcomes associated with fidaxomicin versus vancomycin were compared using propensity score-matched analyses. RESULTS: From the pre- to postguideline period, metronidazole use decreased (initial CDI: 81.2% to 53.5%; recurrent CDI: 49.7% to 27.6%) while vancomycin (initial CDI: 17.9% to 44.9%; recurrent CDI: 48.1% to 66.4%) and fidaxomicin (initial CDI: 0.87% to 1.63%; recurrent CDI: 2.2% to 6.0%) use increased significantly ( CONCLUSIONS: Vancomycin use increased and metronidazole use decreased after the 2017 guideline update. Fidaxomicin use increased but remained low. Improved outcomes associated with fidaxomicin relative to vancomycin suggest benefits from its greater use in Medicare patients

Design, synthesis of 4-[2-(substituted phenyl) hydrazono]-3-(1-hydroxyethyl)-1-phenyl/methyl-3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-one derivatives and evaluation of their in vitro tyrosine kinase inhibitor activity

267-272The present investigation deals with molecular docking, synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of in vitro tyrosine kinase inhibitor activity of a series of 4-[2-(substituted phenyl) hydrazono]-3-(1-hydroxyethyl)-1-phenyl/methyl-3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-one derivatives {III-a(1-12)/III-b(1-12)}. Molecular docking studies of the title compounds were carried out using Molegro Virtual Docker (MVD-2013, 6.0) software. The MolDock scores of the derivatives ranged from (−66.508) to (−101.274); whereas the MolDock score of standard 4-anilinoquinazoline ligand was found to be (−105.219). Most of the synthesized qunolin-2-one derivatives showed better affinity towards EGFRK protein as compared to standard drug imatinib (−104.253). All the synthesized compounds were satisfactorily characterized by physical and spectral analysis (UV, IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR and mass spectral data). Twelve derivatives were tested for their in vitro tyrosine kinase inhibitor activity using MDA-MB cell line. Compound 4-[2-(4-bromophenyl)hydrazono]-3-(1-hydroxyethyl)-1- methyl- 3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-one (III-b4) was found to be the most cytotoxic compound as compared to other synthesized derivatives, with IC50 value of 0.0515 μM against MDA- MB cell line

Feasibility and acceptability of oral cholera vaccine mass vaccination campaign in response to an outbreak and floods in Malawi

Introduction: Despite some improvement in provision of safe drinking water, proper sanitation and hygiene promotion, cholera still remains a major public health problem in Malawi with outbreaks occurring almost every year since 1998. In response to 2014/2015 cholera outbreak, ministry of health and partners made a decision to assess the feasibility and acceptability of conducting a mass oral cholera vaccine (OCV) as an additional public health measure. This paper highlights the burden of the 2014/15 cholera outbreak, successes and challenges of OCV campaign conducted in March and April 2015. Methods: This was a documentation of the first OCV campaign conducted in Malawi. The campaign targeted over 160,000 people aged one year or more living in 19 camps of people internally displaced by floods and their surrounding communities in Nsanje district. It was a reactive campaign as additional measure to improved water, sanitation and hygiene in response to the laboratory confirmed cholera outbreak. Results: During the first round of the OCV campaign conducted from 30 March to 4 April 2015, a total of 156,592 (97.6%) people out of 160,482 target population received OCV. During the second round (20 to 25 April 2015), a total of 137,629 (85.8%) people received OCV. Of these, 108,247 (67.6%) people received their second dose while 29,382 (18.3%) were their first dose. Of the 134,836 people with known gender and sex who received 1 or 2 doses, 54.4% were females and over half (55.4%) were children under the age of 15 years. Among 108,237 people who received 2 doses (fully immunized), 54.4% were females and 51.9% were children under 15 years of age. No severe adverse event following immunization was reported. The main reason for non-vaccination or failure to take the 2 doses was absence during the period of the campaign. Conclusion: This documentation has demonstrated that it was feasible, acceptable by the community to conduct a largescale mass OCV campaign in Malawi within five weeks. Of 320,000 OCV doses received, Malawi managed to administer at least 294,221 (91.9%) of the doses. OCV could therefore be considered to be introduced as additional measure in cholera hot spot areas in Malawi.Pan African Medical Journal 2016; 2

Design, synthesis of 4-[2-(substituted phenyl) hydrazono]-3-(1-hydroxyethyl)-1-phenyl/methyl-3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-one derivatives and evaluation of their in vitro tyrosine kinase inhibitor activity

The present investigation deals with molecular docking, synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of in vitro tyrosine kinase inhibitor activity of a series of 4-[2-(substituted phenyl) hydrazono]-3-(1-hydroxyethyl)-1-phenyl/methyl- 3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-one derivatives {III-a(1-12)/III-b(1-12)}. Molecular docking studies of the title compounds were carried out using Molegro Virtual Docker (MVD-2013, 6.0) software. The MolDock scores of the derivatives ranged from (−66.508) to (−101.274); whereas the MolDock score of standard 4-anilinoquinazoline ligand was found to be (−105.219). Most of the synthesized qunolin-2-one derivatives showed better affinity towards EGFRK protein as compared to standard drug imatinib (−104.253). All the synthesized compounds were satisfactorily characterized by physical and spectral analysis (UV, IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR and mass spectral data). Twelve derivatives were tested for their in vitro tyrosine kinase inhibitor activity using MDA-MB cell line. Compound 4-[2-(4-bromophenyl)hydrazono]-3-(1-hydroxyethyl)-1- methyl- 3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-one (III-b4) was found to be the most cytotoxic compound as compared to other synthesized derivatives, with IC50 value of 0.0515 μM against MDA- MB cell line.

The International Workshop on Osteoarthritis Imaging Knee MRI Segmentation Challenge: A Multi-Institute Evaluation and Analysis Framework on a Standardized Dataset

Purpose: To organize a knee MRI segmentation challenge for characterizing the semantic and clinical efficacy of automatic segmentation methods relevant for monitoring osteoarthritis progression. Methods: A dataset partition consisting of 3D knee MRI from 88 subjects at two timepoints with ground-truth articular (femoral, tibial, patellar) cartilage and meniscus segmentations was standardized. Challenge submissions and a majority-vote ensemble were evaluated using Dice score, average symmetric surface distance, volumetric overlap error, and coefficient of variation on a hold-out test set. Similarities in network segmentations were evaluated using pairwise Dice correlations. Articular cartilage thickness was computed per-scan and longitudinally. Correlation between thickness error and segmentation metrics was measured using Pearson's coefficient. Two empirical upper bounds for ensemble performance were computed using combinations of model outputs that consolidated true positives and true negatives. Results: Six teams (T1-T6) submitted entries for the challenge. No significant differences were observed across all segmentation metrics for all tissues (p=1.0) among the four top-performing networks (T2, T3, T4, T6). Dice correlations between network pairs were high (>0.85). Per-scan thickness errors were negligible among T1-T4 (p=0.99) and longitudinal changes showed minimal bias (<0.03mm). Low correlations (<0.41) were observed between segmentation metrics and thickness error. The majority-vote ensemble was comparable to top performing networks (p=1.0). Empirical upper bound performances were similar for both combinations (p=1.0). Conclusion: Diverse networks learned to segment the knee similarly where high segmentation accuracy did not correlate to cartilage thickness accuracy. Voting ensembles did not outperform individual networks but may help regularize individual models.Comment: Submitted to Radiology: Artificial Intelligence; Fixed typo