Dose-dependent effect of parenteral iron therapy on bleomycin-detectable iron in immune apheresis patients

Dose-dependent effect of parenteral iron therapy on bleomycin-detectable iron in immune apheresis patients.BackgroundIron deficiency and anemia are commonly encountered in patients with autoimmune diseases undergoing immune apheresis. This makes erythropoietin and iron substitution necessary in most patients. However, intravenous iron therapy may result in an increase of potentially toxic nontransferrin-bound iron.MethodsWe examined the effect of 50 mg or 100 mg of iron (III) sucrose on bleomycin-detectable iron (BDI) in immune apheresis patients. Six patients with autoimmune disorders and normal kidney function were enrolled. Before and after the injection of 50 mg or 100 mg of iron (III) sucrose, BDI was measured in serum samples at five different time points.ResultsThere was no BDI traceable before injection of iron (III) sucrose. BDI was present in serum of all patients after the administration of 100 mg of iron (III) sucrose in concentrations up to 0.49 μmol/L. In contrast, only one patient showed BDI at a concentration of 0.16 μmol/L after the administration of 50 mg of iron (III) sucrose.ConclusionWe conclude that if parenteral iron is administered after apheresis treatment, despite the equal tolerability, use of 50 mg of iron (III) sucrose is superior to 100 mg of iron (III) sucrose in avoiding the formation of potentially toxic nontransferrin-bound iron

What happens if you single out? An experiment

We present an experiment investigating the effects of singling out an individual on trust and trustworthiness. We find that (a) trustworthiness falls if there is a singled out subject; (b) non-singled out subjects discriminate against the singled out subject when they are not responsible of the distinct status of this person; (c) under a negative frame, the singled out subject returns significantly less; (d) under a positive frame, the singled out subject behaves bimodally, either selecting very low or very high return rates. Overall, singling out induces a negligible effect on trust but is potentially disruptive for trustworthiness

Relativistic Theory of Electromagnetic Susceptibility and Its Application to Plasmas

durch das topographische Bureau der Stadt Zürich vervollständigt mit Angabe der neuen Hausnummern ; autographirt von H. Weiss-KeiserWestsüdwestorientier