Joint segmentation and recognition of license plate characters

ABSTRACT The segmentation and recognition modules are usually implemented sequentially in most traditional automatic license recognition (LPR) systems. In this work, we integrate segmentation and recognition into a Markov network, where bidirectional constraints between segmentation and recognition are exploited for LPR. In addition, both low-level structural attributes and compositional semantics of license plates are incorporated in a probabilistic way. A belief propagation (BP) algorithm is used for statistical inference that is able to separate and recognize license characters simultaneously. Experiments on Chinese license plates show that the proposed approach work well even when connected and distorted characters present

A set theoretic approach to object-based image restoration

The approaches that analyze local characteristics of an image to impose constraints are prevailing in image restoration, but they are less effective in the cases of severe degradation and heavy noise corruption. In this paper, we incorporate the common characteristics that the images of a class of objects present into image restoration, termed as object-based image restoration. The characteristics are represented as deterministic sets, which is combined with the set describing the image degradation model in a set theoretic formulation. A parallel subgradient projection algorithm is applied to find the solution in the intersection of these sets. Experiments performed on frontal face images show the improved performance of the approach in both mentioned cases, by comparing with local analysis based algorithms. With the concise formulation and the efficient algorithm, the object-based restoration can be implemented with ease and resolved with less complexity

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hybrid parallel projection approach to object-based image restoratio

Synthesis of Dihydropyridinone-Fused Indoles and α‑Carbolines via N‑Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed [3 + 3] Annulation of Indolin-2-imines and Bromoenals

The N-heterocyclic carbene catalyzed [3 + 3] annulation of indolin-2-imines and bromoenals was developed to give dihydropyridinone-fused indoles in good to high yields, which were transformed to α-carbolines with different 2-subsituents by a process of dehydrogenation, tosylation, and palladium catalyzed C–C or C–N coupling reaction

Synthesis of Dihydropyridinone-Fused Indoles and α‑Carbolines via N‑Heterocyclic Carbene-Catalyzed [3 + 3] Annulation of Indolin-2-imines and Bromoenals

The N-heterocyclic carbene catalyzed [3 + 3] annulation of indolin-2-imines and bromoenals was developed to give dihydropyridinone-fused indoles in good to high yields, which were transformed to α-carbolines with different 2-subsituents by a process of dehydrogenation, tosylation, and palladium catalyzed C–C or C–N coupling reaction