[Review of] Jamake Highwater. The Sun, He Dies

How do we ever own our history? How do we ever come to grips with our fairy tales of that history? How do we ever rationalize genocide? The Sun, He Dies makes us ask. Aztec Mexico is presented with its intricacies and intrigues, dreams and realities in this fictional piece based on folk history and historical documents. Nanuatzin, the woodcutter, is the invented character who ties the events together and presents this alternative view of history that we must face. In the Afterward and Notes on Sources, Highwater states, History is always the account of events as seen and preserved by the dominant culture . .. The Sun, He Dies is an alternative vision of the same history. It is a painful vision from two standpoints: one, to own the greed, not grace, which prompted Cortes, and two, to examine the conflicting personal state of Montezuma and his impact on Aztec life and history

plugfinder.com: Finding and Sharing Electricity in Your City

The proliferation of mobile electronic technology such as cellular phones, laptops, and lightweight video projectors increases the demand for electrical outlets in public and semi-public spaces. www.plugfinder.com is a website that allows people to annotate maps of electricity outlets in their city. The virtual activity that takes place on the website is accompanied by occasional organized walking tours by the plugfinder team. plugfinder.com is a project that promotes the temporary use of urban spaces through the creative adaptation of electrical infrastructure. By documenting and facilitating street level uses of electricity, the plugfinder project calls attention to the manner in which daily routines and access to resources are defined by infrastructure, bringing to light a little noticed, yet vital, public resource. This paper posits that providing electricity as a public good has the potential to generate social and cultural capital for cities. This document may be relevant to municipal governments, urban planners or economists in order to prepare for creative uses of electrical infrastructure. The plugfinder.com project itself may be relevant to anyone who wants to explore or use space temporarily in the city they inhabit.Master of Fine Arts (MFA)http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/55457/1/zack_denfeld_thesis_plugfinder.pd

Regional Variability and Drivers of Below Ice CO2 in Boreal and Subarctic Lakes

Northern lakes are ice-covered for considerable portions of the year, where carbon dioxide (CO2) can accumulate below ice, subsequently leading to high CO2 emissions at ice-melt. Current knowledge on the regional control and variability of below ice partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO(2)) is lacking, creating a gap in our understanding of how ice cover dynamics affect the CO2 accumulation below ice and therefore CO2 emissions from inland waters during the ice-melt period. To narrow this gap, we identified the drivers of below ice pCO(2) variation across 506 Swedish and Finnish lakes using water chemistry, lake morphometry, catchment characteristics, lake position, and climate variables. We found that lake depth and trophic status were the most important variables explaining variations in below ice pCO(2) across the 506 lakes(.) Together, lake morphometry and water chemistry explained 53% of the site-to-site variation in below ice pCO(2). Regional climate (including ice cover duration) and latitude only explained 7% of the variation in below ice pCO(2). Thus, our results suggest that on a regional scale a shortening of the ice cover period on lakes may not directly affect the accumulation of CO2 below ice but rather indirectly through increased mobility of nutrients and carbon loading to lakes. Thus, given that climate-induced changes are most evident in northern ecosystems, adequately predicting the consequences of a changing climate on future CO2 emission estimates from northern lakes involves monitoring changes not only to ice cover but also to changes in the trophic status of lakes.Peer reviewe

Carbon emission from Western Siberian inland waters

High-latitude regions play a key role in the carbon (C) cycle and climate system. An important question is the degree of mobilization and atmospheric release of vast soil C stocks, partly stored in permafrost, with amplified warming of these regions. A fraction of this C is exported to inland waters and emitted to the atmosphere, yet these losses are poorly constrained and seldom accounted for in assessments of high-latitude C balances. This is particularly relevant for Western Siberia, with its extensive peatland C stocks, which can be strongly sensitive to the ongoing changes in climate. Here we quantify C emission from inland waters, including the Ob' River (Arctic's largest watershed), across all permafrost zones of Western Siberia. We show that the inland water C emission is high (0.08-0.10 Pg C yr(-1)) and of major significance in the regional C cycle, largely exceeding (7-9 times) C export to the Arctic Ocean and reaching nearly half (35-50%) of the region's land C uptake. This important role of C emission from inland waters highlights the need for coupled land-water studies to understand the contemporary C cycle and its response to warming. Rivers and lakes are thought to be a major conduit of loss for the massive amounts of carbon locked away in high-latitude systems, but such losses are poorly constrained. Here the authors quantify carbon emissions from rivers and lakes across Western Siberia, finding that emissions are high and exceed carbon export to the Arctic Ocean

Frailty and incident heart failure in older men: the British Regional Heart Study.

OBJECTIVE: Frailty and heart failure (HF) are cross-sectionally associated. Published longitudinal data are very limited. We sought to investigate associations between frailty and incident HF. METHODS: Prospective study of 1722 men, examined at age 72-91 years. Scores based on the Fried phenotype, Gill index and a novel frailty score, based on the Health Ageing and Body Composition Battery, incorporating slow walking speed, low chair-stand time and subjective difficulty with balance, were calculated. Associations between these scores and incident HF were analysed with Cox proportional hazard modelling. RESULTS: 1445 men with frailty data and without prevalent HF were included. 99 developed HF (mean follow-up 6.1 years). Men scoring 3/3 on our novel frailty score had elevated risk of incident HF (HR 2.77, 95% CI 1.25 to 6.15), which persisted after adjustment for established risk factors and interleukin-6 (HR 3.14, 95% CI 1.35 to 7.31). This risk remained increased, although attenuated, after excluding HF events within 2 years of baseline (HR 2.05, 95% CI 0.61 to 6.92). The frailty phenotype showed a non-significant association with HF (age-adjusted HR 1.92, 95% CI 0.99 to 3.73), which was further attenuated after adjustment for prevalent coronary heart disease and Body mass index (HR 1.60, 95% CI 0.81 to 3.15). Gill-type scores were weakly associated with HF risk after these adjustments (HR 1.31, 95% CI 0.47 to 3.70). CONCLUSION: In these older men, the combination of slow walk speed, low sit-stand time and balance problems were associated with high risk of incident HF, independent of established risk factors and inflammatory markers. However, undiagnosed HF at baseline may still be a confounder. There is a differential association between aspects of the frailty phenotype and incident HF

Temporal and spatial carbon dioxide concentration patterns in a small boreal lake in relation to ice-cover dynamics

Global carbon dioxide (CO2) emission estimates from inland waters commonly neglect the ice-cover season. To account for CO2 accumulation below ice and consequent emissions into the atmosphere at ice-melt we combined automatically-monitored and manually- sampled spatially-distributed CO2 concentration measurements from a small boreal ice-covered lake in Sweden. In early winter, CO2 accumulated continuously below ice, whereas, in late winter, CO2 concentrations remained rather constant. At ice-melt, two CO2 concentration peaks were recorded, the first one reflecting lateral CO2 transport within the upper water column, and the second one reflecting vertical CO2 transport from bottom waters. We estimated that 66%–85% of the total CO2 accumulated in the water below ice left the lake at ice-melt, while the remainder was stored in bottom waters. Our results imply that CO2 accumulation under ice and emissions at ice-melt are more dynamic than previously reported, and thus need to be more accurately integrated into annual CO2 emission estimates from inland waters

Let’s Talk: Occupational Therapy’s Role in Supporting Healthy Relationships for Adults with Mental Health Conditions

PICO: What interventions within the scope of occupational therapy practice support health interpersonal relationships in adults with mental health conditions