Use of cone-beam computed tomography to evaluate root and canal morphology of mandibular first and second molars in Turkish individuals

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the root and canal morphology of mandibular first and second molars in a Turkish population by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Study design: CBCT images of mandibular first (n = 823) and second molar (n = 925) teeth from 605 Turkish patients were analyzed. The root canal configurations were classified according to the method of Vertucci. Results: The majority of mandibular molars (95.8% of first molars, 85.4% of second molars) had two separate roots; however, three roots were identified in 2.06% of first molars and 3.45% of second molars. C-shaped canals occurred 0.85% of first molars and 4.1% of second molars. Three canals were found in 79.9% of first molars and 72.8% of second molars. Most distal roots had a simple type I configuration, whereas mesial roots had more complex canal systems, with more than one canal. The most common root morphology of first and second molars is the two rooted morphology with three canals. Both the mesial and distal roots showed wide variations in canal anatomy with type IV and type I canal configuration predominating in the mesial and distal roots, respectively. Conclusion: Vertucci type I and IV canal configurations were the most prevalent in the distal and mesial roots, respectively, of both the mandibular first and second permanent molar teeth

Three-year clinical performance of two indirect composite inlays compared to direct composite restorations

Objective: Despite the incremental build-up of resin composite restorations, their polymerization shrinkage during curing presents a serious problem. Indirect composite resin systems represent an alternative in overcoming some of the deficiencies of direct composite restorations. The hypothesis of the present study states that the clinical performance of restorations may be affected by different generation and application techniques. Study Design: Sixty restorations (20 DI system (Coltène/Whaledent AG, Altstätten, Switzerland) composite inlays, 20 Tescera ATL system (BISCO Inc. Schaumburg, Illinois, USA) composite inlays, and 20 direct composites) were applied to premolar teeth in 49 patients. Restorations were clinically evaluated by two examiners. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon Signed Ranks, and X2 tests. Results: The Tescera ATL system performed significantly better than both direct composite restorations (p<0.001) and DI system (p<0.05). Conclusion: Within the limitations of this 3-year clinical study, indirect resin restorations showed better scores than direct restorations. In addition, the Tescera ATL system was found to be more successful than the DI system and direct composite restorations

Improving mental well-being in psychocardiology—a feasibility trial for a non-blended web application as a brief metacognitive-based intervention in cardiovascular disease patients

Background: Many patients with cardiovascular disease also show a high comorbidity of mental disorders, especially such as anxiety and depression. This is, in turn, associated with a decrease in the quality of life. Psychocardiological treatment options are currently limited. Hence, there is a need for novel and accessible psychological help. Recently, we demonstrated that a brief face-to-face metacognitive therapy (MCT) based intervention is promising in treating anxiety and depression. Here, we aim to translate the face-to-face approach into digital application and explore the feasibility of this approach. Methods: We translated a validated brief psychocardiological intervention into a novel non-blended web app. The data of 18 patients suffering from various cardiac conditions but without diagnosed mental illness were analyzed after using the web app over a two-week period in a feasibility trial. The aim was whether a non-blended web app based MCT approach is feasible in the group of cardiovascular patients with cardiovascular disease. Results: Overall, patients were able to use the web app and rated it as satisfactory and beneficial. In addition, there was first indication that using the app improved the cardiac patients’ subjectively perceived health and reduced their anxiety. Therefore, the approach seems feasible for a future randomized controlled trial. Conclusion: Applying a metacognitive-based brief intervention via a non-blended web app seems to show good acceptance and feasibility in a small target group of patients with CVD. Future studies should further develop, improve and validate digital psychotherapy approaches, especially in patient groups with a lack of access to standard psychotherapeutic care

Root Canal Anatomy of Maxillary and Mandibular Teeth

It is a common knowledge that a comprehensive understanding of the complexity of the internal anatomy of teeth is imperative to ensure successful root canal treatment. The significance of canal anatomy has been emphasized by studies demonstrating that variations in canal geometry before cleaning, shaping, and obturation procedures had a greater effect on the outcome than the techniques themselves. In recent years, significant technological advances for imaging teeth, such as CBCT and micro-CT, respectively, have been introduced. Their noninvasive nature allows to perform in vivo anatomical studies using large populations to address the influence of several variables such as ethnicity, aging, gender, and others, on the root canal anatomy, as well as to evaluate, quantitatively and/or qualitatively, specific and fine anatomical features of a tooth group. The purpose of this chapter is to summarize the morphological aspects of the root canal anatomy published in the literature of all groups of teeth and illustrate with three-dimensional images acquired from micro-CT technology.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Influence of a short-time antioxidant application on the dentin bond strength after intracoronal bleaching

Karadas, Muhammet/0000-0002-3357-6896WOS: 000477493100001PubMed: 31290589This study evaluated the effects of an antioxidant application on the compromised bond strength of an adhesive to dentin bleached with 35% hydrogen peroxide. the dentin surfaces of the pulp chambers of 70 human third molars were ground, and the specimens were assigned randomly into seven groups, as follows: (a) control (unbleached); (b) bleached for 45 min, bonded immediately; (c) bleached for 45 min, treated with sodium ascorbate (SA) for 2 min, and bonded; (d) bleached for 45 min, bonded after 2 weeks; (e) bleached for 12 days, bonded immediately; (f) bleached for 12 days, treated with SA for 10 min, and bonded; and (g) bleached for 12 days, bonded after 2 weeks. in each group, the multimode adhesive was applied in etch-and-rinse and self-etch modes. the dentin surfaces were covered with a resin-based composite, and the bonded specimens were sectioned to produce composite-dentin sticks. the sticks were attached to a testing machine and subjected to a tensile force, and the representative specimens were examined via scanning electron microscopy. the bond strength was not affected by the application period of the bleaching agent. Both bleaching treatments significantly reduced the bond strength to the dentin in the self-etch or etch-and-rinse mode when compared with the control group. the bond strengths returned to normal levels with the SA applications or by waiting 2 weeks, regardless of the application period of the bleaching gel. the adhesive revealed a higher bond strength in the etch-and-rinse mode than in the self-etch mode

Evaluation of Color Stability and Surface Roughness of Bulk-Fill Resin Composites and Nanocomposites

WOS: 000419193400008Objective: the purpose of this study was to evaluate the color stability and surface roughness of four bulk-fill resin composites (SonicFill, Filtek Bulk Fill Flowable, X-tra fil, Filtek Bulk Fill Posterior) and three nanocomposites (G-aenial Universal Flo, Herculite XRV Ultra, Filtek Ultimate) after an aging simulation. Materials and Methods: the upper surfaces of prepared composite discs were polished with Sof-Lex discs. the samples were subjected to a thermocycling process for 3000 cycles, then immersed in the prepared mixture solution for two weeks. Before and after the aging simulation, profilometer and spectrophotometer were used to measure surface roughness (Ra) and color of the composite discs. the color change (Delta E) of each material was calculated. Results: the Delta E values showed a statistically significant difference among the studied materials (p<0.001). the Ra values of X-tra fil, Filtek Bulk Fill Flowable, SonicFill, and Filtek Bulk Fill Posterior were significantly increased by the aging process (p<0.001), while G-aenial Universal Flo, Filtek Ultimate, and Herculite XRV Ultra showed steady roughness (p<0.001). Conclusion: Filtek Ultimate showed greater susceptibility to staining. Microhybrid X-tra fil and nanohybrid SonicFill with higher filler amounts revealed more surface deterioration

Farklı Polimerizasyon Sürelerinin Rezin Kompozitlerin Mikrosertlik ve Dönüşüm Derecesi Üzerine Etkisi

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, farklı polimerizasyon sürelerinde bulk-fill ve konvansiyonel rezin kompozitlerin polimerizasyon özelliklerinin monomer dönüşüm derecesi (DC) ve mikrosertlik (MH) açısından değerlendirilmesidir. Materyal ve metod: Bu çalışmada, iki bulk-fill rezin kompozit (Filtek One Bulk Fill Restorative, X-tra Fil) ve iki geleneksel rezin kompozitten (Filtek Z550, Charisma Smart) hazırlanan disk şeklindeki örneklere (6 mm genişliğinde ve 2 mm yüksekliğinde) üç farklı polimerizasyon süresi (20 sn, 60 sn ve 100 sn) uygulandı. Polimerize edilen numunelerin DC'si bir FT-IR/ATR cihazı ile, MH değerleri ise bir Vickers sertlik cihazı ile ölçüldü. Elde edilen veriler istatistiksel yöntemlerle analiz edildi. Bulgular: FT-IR analizi ve Vickers mikrosertlik testi sonuçlarına göre 100 saniye ışık uygulanan grupların DC ve MH değerlerinin diğer gruplara göre anlamlı derecede büyük olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır (pObjective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the polymerization properties of bulk-fill and conventional resin composites in terms of the degree of conversion (DC) and microhardness (MH) at different polymerization times. Materials and Methods: In this study three different polymerization times (20 s, 60 s, and 100 s) were applied to disc shaped samples (6 mm wide; and 2 mm high) prepared from two bulk-fill resin composites (Filtek One Bulk Fill Restorative, X-tra Fil) and two traditional resin composites (Filtek Z550, Charisma Smart). The DC of the polymerized samples was measured with a FT-IR/ATR device, and the MH values were measured with a Vickers hardness device. The collected data were subjected to statistical analysis. Results: The results of the FT-IR analysis and Vickers microhardness test demonstrated that the DC and MH values of the groups exposed to 100 s of light curing were significantly higher than those of the other groups (