Remote Caring for Older People: Future Trends and Speculative Design

The present chapter explores IoT trends and applications' current and speculative futures to support older people living independently, focusing on the bathroom area, one of the most dangerous domestic places for ageing bodies. The chapter first presents literature on IoT devices and older people ageing-in-place, discussing their relationship, the blurring into cyborg territories and the ramifications. Next, technology uptake is discussed, with an example from a previous research study. Next, healthy ageing, active ageing, and quality of life are discussed through the medical and social models of health, and a new model of technological enhancement & monitoring is proposed. The vulnerabilities of older people and the risks and ethical implications of IoT for them are also covered, followed by current IoT trends and applications complementing an accessible bathroom, with pros and cons for each. The following section introduces speculative design approaches to explore and understand the possibilities and implications on the future of caring for older people, illustrated with three examples: two speculative projects and one science fiction movie. The final section discusses the inclusive nature of caring and the importance of inclusive design approaches to designing and implementing IoT healthcare products and remote-age-care systems for older people and their families/caregivers

Dynamically accepting and scheduling patients for home healthcare

Importance of home healthcare is growing rapidly since populations of developed and even developing countries are getting older quickly and the number of hospitals, retirement homes, and medical staff do not increase at the same rate. We present Scenario Based Approach (SBA) for the Home Healthcare Nurse Scheduling Problem. In this problem, arrivals of patients are dynamic and acceptance and appointment time decisions have to be made as soon as patients arrive. The primary objective is to maximise the average number of daily visits. For the sake of service continuity, patients have to be visited at the same days and times each week during their service horizon. SBA is basically a simulation procedure based on generating several scenarios and scheduling new customers with a simple but fast heuristic. Then results are analysed to decide whether to accept the new patient and at which appointment day/time. First, two different versions of SBA, Daily and Weekly SBA are developed and analysed for a single nurse. We compare Daily SBA to two greedy heuristics from the literature, distance and capacity based, and computational studies show that Daily SBA makes significant improvements compared to these other two methods for a single nurse. Next, we extend SBA for a multi-nurse case. SBA is compared to a greedy heuristic under different conditions such as same depot case where nurses start their visits from and return to same place, clustered service area, and nurses with different qualification level. SBA gives superior results under all experiment conditions compared to the greedy heuristic

Better Life in Urban Areas for All with Inclusive Design

Our world is undergoing rapid quantifiable changes. This paper explores how we could make our urban environments more all-encompassing, with inclusive and multispecies design approaches and discusses what ‘better’ could mean for all living species inhabiting and sharing the Earth. The paper shares forecasted figures for 2050 on expected population numbers and draws similarities between vulnerable groups’ invisibility, illustrated with examples from industrial design and public furniture

Universal Product Design Involving Elderly Users: A Participatory Design Model

Cataloged from PDF version of article.Recent studies have shown that people prefer to age in their familiar environments, thus guiding designers to provide a safe and functionally appropriate environment for ageing people, regardless of their physical conditions or limitations. Therefore, a participatory design model is proposed where human beings can improve their quality of life by promoting independence, as well as safety, useability and attractiveness of the residence. Brainstorming, scenario building, unstructured interviews, sketching and videotaping are used as techniques in the participatory design sessions. Quality deployment matrices are employed to find the relationships between the elderly user's requirements and design specifications. A case study was devised to apply and test the conceptual model phase of the proposed model. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Salmonellosis in Animals

Salmonella has long been recognized as an important zoonotic pathogen of economic importance in animals and humans. The prevalent reservoir of Salmonella is the intestinal tract of a wide range of domestic and wild animals which may conclude in a diversity of foodstuffs of both animal and plant origin becoming infected with faecal organisms either directly or indirectly. In spite of mounting concerns about other pathogens in recent years, Salmonella remains among the leading causes of food-borne disease throughout the world. Lots of both domestic and wild animals are infected by Salmonella spp., mostly harboring the bacteria in their gastrointestinal tracts with no obvious signs of illness. Therefore, Salmonella are usually present in faeces excreted by healthy animals and many times pollute raw foods of animal origin through faecal contact during production and slaughter. The organism may also be transmitted through direct contact with infected animals or humans or faecal contaminated environments. Infected food handlers may also act as a source of contamination for foodstuffs. Because of increasing antibiotic resistance of organism and companion animals, animals are important source of Salmonella infection for human. The organism can be monitored and precautions should be taken regularly by new technological methods

Dilimizde Bir Belirsizlik Zamiri : Şey

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The Role of International Trade in the Development of the Countries

Our study aims to investigate the impact of foreign trade on economic growth and welfare of a country, using foreign trade volume and its coverage (i.e. export versus import) ratio representing foreign trade while gross domestic product per capita and purchasing power parity represent economic growth and welfare. Knowing that foreign trade boosts the whole economy, gross domestic product (GDP) per capita is a good indicator of an economic output but does not reflect the differences in the cost of living of countries. The challenge in this study is to develop more complementary indicators that can help bridge the gap between GDP per capita and economic well-being. Purchasing power parity (PPP) compares different countries’ economic output using a standardized metric based on a common basket of goods and services. Using PPP exchange rates in addition to a country's gross domestic product (GDP) may help to provide a more detailed picture of a country's economic health. Multiple regression analysis was utilised to test the hypotheses of this study. Secondary data was used in this study. The analyses were performed with SPSS. As a result of the data analyses and tests of hypotheses conducted in this study, it has been empirically proven that foreign trade volume and export/import coverage ratio have positive impact on gross domestic product per capita which has a significant impact on purchasing power parity

Investigation of stresses occurring in rotating cylinders made of Boron carbide (B4C) and Silicon carbide (SIC) materials by using finite element method

This paper focuses on some mathematical and numerical aspects of elastic stress. The distribution of elastic stress in rotating cylinders made of Boron carbide (B4C) and Silicon carbide (SIC) materials is analyzed analytically. Boron carbide, which will be Decelerated for projects in the defense industry and automotive fields, is among the precious metals in the world. Silicon carbide is one of the most widely used structural ceramics. silicon carbide is one of the most durable ceramic materials. Boron carbide (B4C) and Silicon carbide (SIC) are used in aircraft industry, unmanned aerial vehicles, electric vehicles. The stress value obtained at the end of the analysis was compared with the ANSYS 2023 R1 program. The results obtained are close to each other. For example, if the results obtained are compared with each other, the tangential stress obtained in the boron rib material is about 35\% higher than that of silicon carbide. The novelty and importance of the research are quite high. Rotating cylinders determined materials are used in aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles. It is intended to share the results obtained when using two materials with high strength with the literature. The radial stresses are continuously zero at the innermost and outermost parts. Tangential stresses are more than radial stresses. It has been observed that the tangential stresses obtained in the ANSYS 2023 R1 program are higher than the radial stress. Within the scope of the study; the Von Mises yield criterion is taken into account in the plane shape change reference. The findings obtained at the end of the study are shared in graphs. At the end of the study, it is determined that the stresses occurring in the cylinder with silicon carbide (SIC) material were more than Boron carbide (B4C). Moreover, the results are compared among themselves