An experimental analysis of the parameters of facial screening

Of the several techniques reported for the treatment of self-injurious behavior, response-contingent aversive stimu-lation and overcorrection seem to be the most successful. However, many procedures are precluded from use by legal or other restrictions. Thus, many procedures that are both ethnically and aesthetically tolerable to practitioners and the public must be developed. Facial screening (Lutkzer & Spencer, Note 1; Zegiob, Becker & Bristow, Note 2; Lutzker, Note 3), applying a terrycloth bib to cover the face contingent upon self-injurious behavior, has been shown to be effective. The purpose of this study was to investigate the parameters of facial screening with two subjects. Specifically investigated were: a) the role of non-contingent v~. contingent facial screening in therapy and extra-therapy setting; and b) the role of opaque vs. translucent bibs. In the first study, using a multiple baseline design, it was found that non-contingent facial screening was effective only after a history of pairing with contingent facial screening. While non-contingent facial screening reduced self-injurious behavior in two settings, it did not eliminate self-injurious behavior in all three settings in which it was observed. In the second study a reversal design-component analysis was used to compare a translucent to an opaque bib. The translucent bib was ineffective in reducing the self-injurious behavior while the opaque bib eliminated self-injurious behavior as long as facial screening was applied consistently

Does ignorance really produce irresponsible behavior?

One of the major concerns voiced by parents/teachers considering consenting to the provision of sex education for their children is whether the provision of this service will stimulate their children to act more socially inappropriate than if the topic were avoided. The purpose of the present investigation was to compare resultant sexual behavior(s) of institutionalized developmentally disabled with their behavior(s) prior to the introduction of sex education and counseling. The result indicates that the students did not become more inappropriate, in fact on a number of measures they improved.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/45561/1/11195_2005_Article_BF01277432.pd

An Assessment Of Professional Perceptions Affecting The Definitions Of Child Sexual Abuse.

The definition(s) of child sexual abuse and exploitation have proven to be the subject of federal and state legislation, research projects, published books and articles and many grant projects of national significance. As Sgroi (1982) has pointed out, the existing literature and research, although growing rapidly, is so limited that the data must be regarded as presenting a largely embryonic picture of the definitional program in this area. Therefore, this study confronted this social problem by furthering the development of an understanding of the multitudinous phenomenon involved, those professionals involved, and the dynamics that support the labeling process involved in this area. By using the Social Deviancy Model as the theoretical framework, this study investigated the standards utilized by the empowered audience (social workers, police, attorneys and doctors) of social definers when labeling behavioral situations as sexually abusive and exploitative. In fact, it was the essential purpose of this research to uncover properties of situations described in behavioral vignettes that effect the greater community when asked to label sexually abusive acts. Each subject was asked to rate how serious they felt each of the 50 vignettes were on a scale of one to nine. The study specifically investigated the following six hypotheses: (1) the addition of a consequence to the child would significantly effect the rated perceived seriousness; (2) that certain acts would be rated serious, regardless of the consequence; (3) that the police personnel would rate the incidents statistically more serious than the other three professional groups; (4) that older professionals would rate vignettes more seriously; (5) that female professionals would rate more seriously than males; and, (6) that those who had experienced child rearing would rate the vignettes less serious than those who had not had that child rearing experience. Five of the six hypotheses were confirmed by the data generated and statistical analyses performed. Specific address is given to each result, and implications for practice, research, litigation, and social policy are discussed in detail.Ph.D.Social SciencesSocial workUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/127681/2/8502791.pd

An experimental analysis of the parameters of facial screening

Of the several techniques reported for the treatment of self-injurious behavior, response-contingent aversive stimu-lation and overcorrection seem to be the most successful. However, many procedures are precluded from use by legal or other restrictions. Thus, many procedures that are both ethnically and aesthetically tolerable to practitioners and the public must be developed. Facial screening (Lutkzer & Spencer, Note 1; Zegiob, Becker & Bristow, Note 2; Lutzker, Note 3), applying a terrycloth bib to cover the face contingent upon self-injurious behavior, has been shown to be effective. The purpose of this study was to investigate the parameters of facial screening with two subjects. Specifically investigated were: a) the role of non-contingent v~. contingent facial screening in therapy and extra-therapy setting; and b) the role of opaque vs. translucent bibs. In the first study, using a multiple baseline design, it was found that non-contingent facial screening was effective only after a history of pairing with contingent facial screening. While non-contingent facial screening reduced self-injurious behavior in two settings, it did not eliminate self-injurious behavior in all three settings in which it was observed. In the second study a reversal design-component analysis was used to compare a translucent to an opaque bib. The translucent bib was ineffective in reducing the self-injurious behavior while the opaque bib eliminated self-injurious behavior as long as facial screening was applied consistently