Group Strategyproof Pareto-Stable Marriage with Indifferences via the Generalized Assignment Game

We study the variant of the stable marriage problem in which the preferences of the agents are allowed to include indifferences. We present a mechanism for producing Pareto-stable matchings in stable marriage markets with indifferences that is group strategyproof for one side of the market. Our key technique involves modeling the stable marriage market as a generalized assignment game. We also show that our mechanism can be implemented efficiently. These results can be extended to the college admissions problem with indifferences

Matching structure and bargaining outcomes in buyer–seller networks

We examine the relationship between the matching structure of a bipartite (buyer-seller) network and the (expected) shares of the unit surplus that each connected pair in this network can create. We show that in different bargaining environments, these shares are closely related to the Gallai-Edmonds Structure Theorem. This theorem characterizes the structure of maximum matchings in an undirected graph. We show that the relationship between the (expected) shares and the tructure Theorem is not an artefact of a particular bargaining mechanism or trade centralization. However, this relationship does not necessarily generalize to non-bipartite networks or to networks with heterogeneous link values

Biorthogonal quantum mechanics

The Hermiticity condition in quantum mechanics required for the characterization of (a) physical observables and (b) generators of unitary motions can be relaxed into a wider class of operators whose eigenvalues are real and whose eigenstates are complete. In this case, the orthogonality of eigenstates is replaced by the notion of biorthogonality that defines the relation between the Hilbert space of states and its dual space. The resulting quantum theory, which might appropriately be called 'biorthogonal quantum mechanics', is developed here in some detail in the case for which the Hilbert-space dimensionality is finite. Specifically, characterizations of probability assignment rules, observable properties, pure and mixed states, spin particles, measurements, combined systems and entanglements, perturbations, and dynamical aspects of the theory are developed. The paper concludes with a brief discussion on infinite-dimensional systems. © 2014 IOP Publishing Ltd

Use of allograft in ligamentar reconstruction of knee

INTRODUÇÃO: A utilização de enxerto alógeno é um tema que há décadas desperta interesse dos ortopedistas devido às supostas vantagens que apresenta, como diminuição do tempo cirúrgico, maior tamanho de enxerto, ausência de morbidade do sítio doador. OBJETIVO: O artigo a seguir faz análise retrospectiva da casuística do grupo de joelho do IOT-HC-FMUSP no uso de enxerto de banco de tecido próprio para reconstruções ligamentares. Serão apresentados as indicações de uso de enxerto alógeno e qual tipo de enxerto foi utilizado para cada tipo de reconstrução ligamentar. MÉTODOS: Foram revisados prontuários de 46 pacientes. RESULTADOS: Usados como enxerto 30 unidades de tendão patelar, 09 unidades de tendão tibial anterior, 08 unidades de tendão calcâneo, 06 unidades de tendão quadriceptal e 01 unidade de tendão fibular e foram usados principalmente para reconstruções multi-ligamentares e revisões de reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior. CONCLUSÃO: O uso de enxerto alógeno mostrou-se uma interessante opção para as recosntruções ligamentares.INTRODUCTION: The use of allograft is a matter of huge interest for orthopaedic surgeons, due to the supposed advantages with its use, like decreased surgical time, larger grafts and no donator site morbidity. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this article was to review our experience with the use of allografts on ligament reconstruction. We present the technique applied for graft harvest, preparation and storage, as well as the indications for allograft use and the type of procedure in which it was applied. METHODS: We revised the records of 46 patients. RESULTS: We used 09 patellar tendons, 09 anterior tibial tendons, 08 calcaneal tendons, 06 quadriceptal tendons and 01 fibular tendon, mainly for multiple ligamentar reconstructions and ACL reviews. CONCLUSION: The use of allograft seems to be an interesting option for ligamentar reconstruction

Open problems on graph coloring for special graph classes.

For a given graph G and integer k, the Coloring problem is that of testing whether G has a k-coloring, that is, whether there exists a vertex mapping c:V→{1,2,…}c:V→{1,2,…} such that c(u)≠c(v)c(u)≠c(v) for every edge uv∈Euv∈E. We survey known results on the computational complexity of Coloring for graph classes that are hereditary or for which some graph parameter is bounded. We also consider coloring variants, such as precoloring extensions and list colorings and give some open problems in the area of on-line coloring

The sequence of rice chromosomes 11 and 12, rich in disease resistance genes and recent gene duplications

Background: Rice is an important staple food and, with the smallest cereal genome, serves as a reference species for studies on the evolution of cereals and other grasses. Therefore, decoding its entire genome will be a prerequisite for applied and basic research on this species and all other cereals. Results: We have determined and analyzed the complete sequences of two of its chromosomes, 11 and 12, which total 55.9 Mb (14.3% of the entire genome length), based on a set of overlapping clones. A total of 5,993 non-transposable element related genes are present on these chromosomes. Among them are 289 disease resistance-like and 28 defense-response genes, a higher proportion of these categories than on any other rice chromosome. A three-Mb segment on both chromosomes resulted from a duplication 7.7 million years ago (mya), the most recent large-scale duplication in the rice genome. Paralogous gene copies within this segmental duplication can be aligned with genomic assemblies from sorghum and maize. Although these gene copies are preserved on both chromosomes, their expression patterns have diverged. When the gene order of rice chromosomes 11 and 12 was compared to wheat gene loci, significant synteny between these orthologous regions was detected, illustrating the presence of conserved genes alternating with recently evolved genes. Conclusion: Because the resistance and defense response genes, enriched on these chromosomes relative to the whole genome, also occur in clusters, they provide a preferred target for breeding durable disease resistance in rice and the isolation of their allelic variants. The recent duplication of a large chromosomal segment coupled with the high density of disease resistance gene clusters makes this the most recently evolved part of the rice genome. Based on syntenic alignments of these chromosomes, rice chromosome 11 and 12 do not appear to have resulted from a single whole-genome duplication event as previously suggested

Threonine utilization is high in the intestine of piglets

The whole-body threonine requirement in parenterally fed piglets is substantially lower than that in enterally fed piglets, indicating that enteral nutrition induces intestinal processes in demand of threonine. We hypothesized that the percentage of threonine utilization for oxidation and intestinal protein synthesis by the portal-drained viscera (PDV) increases when dietary protein intake is reduced. Piglets (n = 18) received isocaloric normal or protein-restricted diets. After 7 h of enteral feeding, total threonine utilization, incorporation into intestinal tissue, and oxidation by the PDV, were determined with stable isotope methodology [U-(13)C threonine infusion]. Although the absolute amount of systemic and dietary threonine utilized by the PDV was reduced in protein-restricted piglets, the percentage of dietary threonine intake utilized by the PDV did not differ between groups (normal protein 91% vs. low protein 85%). The incorporation of dietary threonine into the proximal jejunum was significantly different compared with the other intestinal segments. Dietary, rather than systemic threonine was preferentially utilized for protein synthesis in the small intestinal mucosa in piglets that consumed the normal protein diet (P < 0.05). Threonine oxidation by the PDV was limited during normal protein feeding. In protein-restricted pigs, half of the total whole-body oxidation occurred in the PDV. We conclude that, in vivo, the PDV have a high obligatory visceral requirement for threonine. The high rate of intestinal threonine utilization is due mainly to incorporation into mucosal protein