Sens et narrativité dans la société biographique

International audienceMeaning and narrativity in a biographical societyAfter recalling the anthropological dimension of narratives within human associations and for single lives, this paper examines the forms and use of self narratives in the context of “a biographical society” and questions – throughout the model of a “great narrative of the individual”- the relation between narrative activity and the production of meaning.Après avoir rappelé la dimension anthropologique du récit dans les associations humaines et pour les existences individuelles, la contribution examine les formes et les usages du récit de soi dans le contexte de la « société biographique » et interroge, à travers le modèle d’un « grand récit de l’individu », la relation entre activité narrative et production de sens

Le biographique : quel espace de recherche dans les sciences de l'éducation ?

International audienceDans les espaces institués de l’éducation, la recherche biographique se donne pour objet d’interroger, en la sortant de son cadre d’évidence, la dimension biographique de l’apprentissage et de la formation. Elle vise en particulier à explorer la manière dont les individus, jeunes ou adultes, rencontrent les institutions, les programmations, les objets de l’apprentissage, dont ils font signifier leurs expériences de l’école et de la formation dans leurs constructions biographiques individuelles, dans leurs relations aux autres et au monde social. Parmi les perspectives de recherche présentées, on pourra distinguer entre des pratiques d’intervention, engageant des formes de travail sur et avec autrui (démarches de formation, processus d’enseignement-apprentissage) et des travaux d’investigation qui, à partir de notions comme celles de « monde de l’école », de « construction biographique de l’apprentissage », de « carrière et d’identité d’apprenant » peuvent venir contribuer à la constitution d’un espace de recherche du biographique en éducation

Espaces et figures de la ritualisation scolaire

International audienceThe purpose of this article is to put into perspective the forms of school ritualisation and the specific biographical constructions that the school institution carries. An abstract area of the perceived world, a place of auto referential relations towards knowledge which erects the signs and the discourses as finalities for themselves, the school is its own stage; its mode of action from a generalized perfomativity with which it never cesses to coincide its practical accomplishments with the signs that these produce. The school finds its elasticity for this performativity in the elaboration of zones and apparatus ritualized from which it accomplishes the acts of education–apprenticeship, even in the gesture of their representation. In this framework, the figure of the « pupil » analyzed as an ensemble of prescriptions defining the models of participation in the rituals enacted in school, establishes an injunction biographic of the pupils-individuals.Le propos de l'article est de mettre en regard les formes de la ritualisation scolaire et les constructions biographiques spécifiques dont est porteuse l'institution scolaire. Espace « abstrait » du monde, lieu d'un rapport autoréférentiel au savoir qui érige les signes et les discours en fins pour eux-mêmes, l'école est à elle-même sa propre scène : son mode d'action relève d'une performativité généralisée par laquelle elle ne cesse de faire coïncider ses accomplissements pratiques avec les signes qu'elle en produit. L'école trouve les ressorts de cette performativité dans la mise en oeuvre d'espaces et de dispositifs ritualisés par lesquels elle effectue les actes d'enseignement-apprentissage dans le geste même de leur représentation. Dans ce cadre, la figure de l' « élève » analysée comme un ensemble de prescriptions définissant les modes de participation à l'agir rituel de l'école, établit une injonction biographique particulière, qui entre en confrontation avec les figures de soi et l'expérience biographique des individus-élèves

Design and Analysis of a Navigation System Using the Federated Filter

The purpose of this paper was to design and analyse a federated filter design, to be used for retrofit of an Embedded GPS/INS (EGI) navigation unit into an existing Kalman filter-based air navigation system. A design was selected and simulations were conducted in the Distributed Kalman Filter Simulation software (DKFSIM). As well, a centralized Kalman filter design was simulated under identical conditions for comparison purposes. The federated filter was shown to be a feasible design, with accuracy in position and velocity very close to centralized Kalman filter values. The federated filter design also showed some attractive fault detection and isolation features, superior to the centralized Kalman filter, due to the independent operation of the component Kalman filters. The federated filter was shown to be well worthy of continued study for implementation in air navigation systems, especially where distributed filters are required

Editorial: observing ocean sound

Ocean sound is emerging as a key health indicator of marine ecosystems, increasingly at risk of anthropogenic stressors (Duarte et al., 2021). The full potential of this Essential Ocean Variable (EOV) keeps developing (Tyack, 2018). The science and methods resulting from this EOV address an increasing number of domains, from geophysics to bio- and eco-acoustics. It also offers opportunities to respond to questions as varied as geohazard and marine life occurrence, and provides potentially cost-effective solutions to monitor biodiversity and ecosystems at large.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

From ocean sensors to traceable knowledge by harmonizing ocean observing systems

Society is requesting more than ever being better informed on the state and effects of Earth’s changing oceans. This has direct implications on ocean observing systems, including scientific planning and technology. For instance better knowledge implies that data on health, climate and overall dynamics of our oceans have a known level of quality, be up-to-date, be easily discoverable, be easily searchable both in time and space, and be human- and machine-readable in order to generate faster decisions when and where needed. Requirements with respect to spatial regions and scales (seas and ocean basins, from millimeters to hundreds of kilometers), time scope and scales (past, present, future, from microseconds to decades) indeed have direct implications on observing systems’ spatio-temporal sampling capabilities. Possibly high spatial and temporal resolution also means unprecedented amounts of data, communication bandwidth and processing power needs. Technological implications are thus quite substantial and, in this short article, we will try to provide a review of some initiatives of global and local focus that are aiming to respond to at least some of these needs, starting with the application of the Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) guidelines to ocean observatories. Then we will address real scenarios in real ocean observing facilities, first with the European Seas Observatory Network and the European Multidisciplinary Seafloor Observation (ESONET-EMSO), then two recently associated Spanish initiatives, the Oceanic Platform of the Canary Islands (PLOCAN) infrastructure and deep sea observatory in the Canary Islands, and the Expandable Seafloor Observatory (OBSEA) shallow water Western-Mediterranean observatory of the Technical University of Catalonia, one of the first real-time ocean observatories implemented with state-of- the-art interoperable concepts, down to the sensor interface.Postprint (published version

PLOCAN, an Off-shore environmentally sustainable infrastructure to accelerate ocean research, development and innovation at increasing depths.

The Canary Islands Oceanic Platform (PLOCAN) is a public infrastructure for research, development and innovation in the fields of ocean science and technology at increasing depths. Located East of Gran Canaria Island (Canary Islands, Spain), PLOCAN will provide rapid access to great depths at short distance from the shore, accelerating research and the generation of water column and deep-ocean knowledge. Specifically, PLOCAN will host a permanent deep-sea observatory, be a test-bed for innovative technologies, form specialists and provide training in the field and be a national base of manned and unmanned submersibles. PLOCAN’s vision is focused on generation and exchange of science and innovations between the academic and the socio-economic spheres. PLOCAN will be a fully instrumented gate to the deep ocean, an efficient and cost-effective solution to test products and processes , and cluster private and public partnerships to face undersea challenges. Two years ahead of the planned official opening and start of operations, the academic world, entrepreneurs and corporations have already started to submit proposals to be included in the science and technology agenda. Activities will be essentially multidisciplinary, ranging from renewable energies, aquaculture, ocean observing fixed systems and submersibles, to biosciences and emerging technologies such as new materials and nanotechnologies. PLOCAN’s vision is to be a true accelerator for marine and deep-sea research and development, with optimal conditions and full environmental guaranteesPeer Reviewe

Neurotransmitter Specific Roles in the Basolateral Amygdala and Their Effect on Ethanol-Seeking and Intake

poster abstractRelapse is a major problem in alcoholism treatment. Environmental cues can act as triggers that can reinstate alcohol use. By understanding specific neurochemical processes in the brain we can develop new treatments which will be focused on relapse prevention. Specifically the basolateral amygdala (BLA) which is involved in motivated responding and cue-induced reinstatement is of key interest. The aim of this study was to dissect drinking behaviors in an animal model (Long Evans rats) into two parts: appetitive (related to cue-induced reinstatement) and consummatory (related to primary reinforcement). Using operant chambers, lever pressing was a measure of an appetitive response and intake measured consummatory response. We looked at involvement of specific neurotransmitters in the BLA via microinjections of a dopamine and a glutamate antagonist. After initial lever press training, the rats received weekly microinjections of the two drugs as well as artificial cerebrospinal fluid in a randomized order to study their effects on ethanol (n = 5-8/group) and sucrose (n = 6-11/group) responding. Preliminary findings suggest both neurotransmitter- and behavior- specific effects. That is, manipulations of the BLA do not affect the intake of either sucrose or ethanol. This is consistent with findings suggesting that this area is not involved in processing primary reinforcement. However, the administration of the glutamate antagonist (but not the dopamine antagonist) in the BLA had a tendency to decrease reinforcer-seeking at the highest dose (p<0.09). This effect was not reinforcer specific, suggesting that the BLA glutamate activity may be involved in reinforcer-seeking rather than specifically in ethanol-seeking. Overall, the findings of this study will provide new insight into neurotransmitter function in the BLA, its relationship to alcohol intake, and will hopefully drive future research into development of new drugs that will reduce alcohol cravings and chance of relapse

Applying OGC sensor web enablement to ocean observing systems

The complexity of marine installations for ocean observing systems has grown significantly in recent years. In a network consisting of tens, hundreds or thousands of marine instruments, manual configuration and integration becomes very challenging. Simplifying the integration process in existing or newly established observing systems would benefit system operators and is important for the broader application of different sensors. This article presents an approach for the automatic configuration and integration of sensors into an interoperable Sensor Web infrastructure. First, the sensor communication model, based on OGC's SensorML standard, is utilized. It serves as a generic driver mechanism since it enables the declarative and detailed description of a sensor's protocol. Finally, we present a data acquisition architecture based on the OGC PUCK protocol that enables storage and retrieval of the SensorML document from the sensor itself, and automatic integration of sensors into an interoperable Sensor Web infrastructure. Our approach adopts Efficient XML Interchange (EXI) as alternative serialization form of XML or JSON. It solves the bandwidth problem of XML and JSON.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft