A de novo reference transcriptome for Bolitoglossa vallecula, an Andean mountain salamander in Colombia

© The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Arenas Gomez, C. M., Woodcock, M. R., Smith, J. J., Voss, S. R., & Delgado, J. P. A de novo reference transcriptome for Bolitoglossa vallecula, an Andean mountain salamander in Colombia. Data in Brief, 29, (2020): 105256, doi:10.1016/j.dib.2020.105256.The amphibian order Caudata, contains several important model species for biological research. However, there is need to generate transcriptome data from representative species of the primary salamander families. Here we describe a de novo reference transcriptome for a terrestrial salamander, Bolitoglossa vallecula (Caudata: Plethodontidae). We employed paired-end (PE) illumina RNA sequencing to assemble a de novo reference transcriptome for B. vallecula. Assembled transcripts were compared against sequences from other vertebrate taxa to identify orthologous genes, and compared to the transcriptome of a close plethodontid relative (Bolitoglossa ramosi) to identify commonly expressed genes in the skin. This dataset should be useful to future comparative studies aimed at understanding important biological process, such as immunity, wound healing, and the production of antimicrobial compounds.This work was funded by a research grant from COLCIENCIAS 569 (GRANT 027-2103) and CODI (Programa Sostenibilidad) 2013–2014 of the University of Antioquia. A PhD fellowship to the first author, Claudia Arenas was funded by the COLCIENCIAS 567 Grant. We thank the lab of Juan Fernando Alzate from the University of Antioquia for their help in developing our bioinformatic methodological approach. We thank Andrea Gómez and Melisa Hincapie for their help in animal collection and husbandry

Mejoramiento del diseño del horno a leña en el proceso de destilación, para incrementar la productividad del pisco de la Autoridad Autónoma de Majes

La presente tesis tiene como objetivo optimizar el proceso de destilación, para la obtención del pisco en la Autoridad Autónoma de Majes, donde, actualmente en dicho proceso, no hay un control de temperaturas y un diseño del horno apto para el aprovechamiento de recursos en el proceso, debido a que el método que usan actualmente es el tradicional, y en muchas ocasiones el mosto fermentado que se encuentra dentro del alambique se quema y eso ocasiona que el pisco que se produce contenga imperfecciones. La evaluación que se realizará será de modo comparativo, debido a que se planteará un diseño para optimizar el proceso y poder tener un control equilibrado de la temperatura del horno, y del interior del alambique, para poder aprovechar los recursos y obtener menos desperdicios de la cabeza y la cola del pisco. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó una base de acero inoxidable, ladrillos refractarios, y un termómetro digital. En la obtención de datos se confirmó que la base de acero diseñada, logro realizar un equilibrio en temperaturas en el horno y en el interior del alambique por lo que el mosto fermentado no tuvo ninguna deficiencia y se produjo más litros de pisco.Campus Arequip

Transformación de Ludus Academy

During this project there is a total transformation from a Brazilian Jiu-jitsu academy from his administration and economic areas. The historical of occupation during the last months were at the top. But during the last years there was a problem in the retention of students. Because there were aspects that make them feel uncomfortable, such as space for training and the lack of different services...Durante este trabajo se realiza una transformación de una academia de Jiu-jitsu brasilero tanto en su parte administrativa y económica. Ya que durante sus últimos años se encontraba en un punto de ocupación alto pero que no se podía mantener debido a distintos aspectos. Uno de los principales fue el espacio llegaba un momento que los estudiantes se sentían incómodos. En consecuencia, la academia se vio en la obligación de realizar una expansión tanto de instalaciones y de disciplinas..

A Tree Frog (\u3cem\u3eBoana pugnax\u3c/em\u3e) Dataset of Skin Transcriptome for the Identification of Biomolecules with Potential Antimicrobial Activities

Increases in the prevalence of multiply resistant microbes have necessitated the search for new molecules with antimicrobial properties. One noteworthy avenue in this search is inspired by the presence of native antimicrobial peptides in the skin of amphibians. Having the second highest diversity of frogs worldwide, Colombian anurans represent an extensive natural reservoir that could be tapped in this search. Among this diversity, species such as Boana pugnax (the Chirique-Flusse Treefrog) are particularly notable, in that they thrive in a diversity of marginal habitats, utilize both aquatic and arboreal habitats, and are members of one of few genera that are known to mount a robust immunological response against the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, which has decimated the population of frogs worldwide. To search for molecules with potential antimicrobial activity, we have assembled and annotated a reference transcriptome from the skin of four wild captured B. pugnax from Antioquia, Colombia. Analysis of potential antimicrobial and immunological components was performed using ontology analyses, we identified several antimicrobial chemokines with particularly strong potential for exhibiting broadscale antimicrobial activities, as well as several genes related to rapid alteration of transcriptional (KRAB zinc finger protein) and phosphorylation (MAPK) responses to exogenous stressors. We also found eight families of transmembrane transport proteins, including sodium, potassium and voltage-dependent calcium channels, which will be invaluable in future studies aimed at more precisely defining the diversity and function of cationic antimicrobial peptides with alpha-helical structures. These data highlight the utility of frogs such as Boana pugnax in the search of new antimicrobial molecules. Moreover, the molecular datasets presented here allow us to expand our knowledge of this species and illustrate the importance of preserving the vast potential of Colombian biodiversity for the identification of useful biomolecules

In silico selection and evaluation of pugnins with antibacterial and anticancer activity using skin transcriptome of treefrog (Boana pugnax)

In order to combat bacterial and cancer resistance, we identified peptides (pugnins) with dual antibacterial l–anticancer activity from the Boana pugnax (B. pugnax) skin transcriptome through in silico analysis. Pugnins A and B were selected owing to their high similarity to the DS4.3 peptide, which served as a template for their alignment to the B. pugnax transcriptome, as well as their function as part of a voltage-dependent potassium channel protein. The secondary peptide structure stability in aqueous medium was evaluated as well, and after interaction with the Escherichia coli (E. coli) membrane model using molecular dynamics. These pugnins were synthesized via solid-phase synthesis strategy and verified by Reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and mass spectrometry. Subsequently, their alpha-helix structure was determined by circular dichroism, after which antibacterial tests were then performed to evaluate their antimicrobial activity. Cytotoxicity tests against cancer cells also showed selectivity of pugnin A toward breast cancer (MFC7) cells, and pugnin B toward prostate cancer (PC3) cells. Alternatively, flow cytometry revealed necrotic cell damage with a major cytotoxic effect on human keratinocytes (HaCaT) control cells. Therefore, the pugnins found in the transcriptome of B. pugnax present dual antibacterial– anticancer activity with reduced selectivity to normal eukaryotic cells.Fil: Liscano, Yamil. Universidad Santiago de Cali; Colombia. Universidad de Antioquia; ColombiaFil: Medina, Laura. Universidad de Antioquia; ColombiaFil: Oñate Garzón, Jose. Universidad Santiago de Cali; ColombiaFil: Gúzman, Fanny. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso; ChileFil: Pickholz, Mónica Andrea. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Física; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Delgado, Jean Paul. Universidad de Antioquia; Colombi

Using Transcriptomics to Enable a Plethodontid Salamander (\u3cem\u3eBolitoglossa ramosi\u3c/em\u3e) for Limb Regeneration Research

Background: Tissue regeneration is widely distributed across the tree of life. Among vertebrates, salamanders possess an exceptional ability to regenerate amputated limbs and other complex structures. Thus far, molecular insights about limb regeneration have come from a relatively limited number of species from two closely related salamander families. To gain a broader perspective on the molecular basis of limb regeneration and enhance the molecular toolkit of an emerging plethodontid salamander (Bolitoglossa ramosi), we used RNA-Seq to generate a de novo reference transcriptome and identify differentially expressed genes during limb regeneration. Results: Using paired-end Illumina sequencing technology and Trinity assembly, a total of 433,809 transcripts were recovered and we obtained functional annotation for 142,926 non-redundant transcripts of the B. ramosi de novo reference transcriptome. Among the annotated transcripts, 602 genes were identified as differentially expressed during limb regeneration. This list was further processed to identify a core set of genes that exhibit conserved expression changes between B. ramosi and the Mexican axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum), and presumably their common ancestor from approximately 180 million years ago. Conclusions: We identified genes from B. ramosi that are differentially expressed during limb regeneration, including multiple conserved protein-coding genes and possible putative species-specific genes. Comparative analyses reveal a subset of genes that show similar patterns of expression with ambystomatid species, which highlights the importance of developing comparative gene expression data for studies of limb regeneration among salamanders

Gestión del manejo de las TICs en el comercio electrónico de las PYMES del sector veterinario en Panamá Oeste

Panama has a giant business scale in electronic commerce, where the majority are small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Many of them are still discovering the potential of their products and services.  Despite the great commercial benefit generated by electronic commerce, several aspects are limiting SMEs to benefit of online businesses. One of the main reasons deals with the cost of the tools, hosting the online portals, marketing campaigns and hiring of trained personnel. For the Panama´s Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise Authority (AMPYME), a growth in the sector of veterinary clinics was registered in the Province of Panama Oeste, providing services and products integrated into technological platforms. The purpose of the research is to recommend an alternative to the problem faced by SMEs in the management of ICTs within the veterinary sector in the province of Panama Oeste.  The research is descriptive and was carried out in all districts of the province of Panama Oeste to a total of 27 veterinary clinics in the SME sector recognized and registered by AMPYME until 2020. It is concluded that the payment processes for products and services in veterinary clinics through the implementation of electronic commerce platforms have improved the services to their clients, automated their processes from sales, billing and offer payment alternatives to their clients taking advantage of the integrations. of ICTs in daily financial operations.Panamá cuenta con una escala de negocios gigante en el comercio electrónico, donde la mayoría son pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYMES). Muchas de ellas todavía están descubriendo el potencial de sus productos y servicios.  A pesar del gran beneficio comercial que genera el comercio electrónico, varios son los aspectos por los que las PYMES no aprovechan las bondades de los negocios en línea. Una de las principales causas trata sobre el costo de las herramientas, alojamiento de sus portales en línea, sus campañas de marketing y contratación del personal capacitado.  Para la Autoridad de la Micro, Pequeña y Mediana Empresa de Panamá, se registró en la Provincia de Panamá Oeste un crecimiento en el sector de clínicas veterinarias brindando sus servicios y productos integrado a plataformas tecnológicas. El propósito de la investigación es recomendar una alternativa al problema que enfrentan las PYMES en el manejo de las TICs dentro del sector veterinario en la provincia de Panamá Oeste.  La investigación es de tipo descriptiva y se realizó en los distritos de la provincia de Panamá Oeste a una población total de 27 las clínicas veterinarias del sector PYMES reconocida y registrada hasta el año 2020 en la AMPYME. Se concluye que los procesos de pago de productos y servicios en las clínicas veterinarias mediante la implementación de plataformas de comercio electrónico han mejorado los servicios a sus clientes, automatizaron sus procesos desde ventas, facturación y le ofrecen alternativas de pagos a sus clientes aprovechando las integraciones de las TICs en las operaciones financiera cotidianas

Mame-Look

Nuestra iniciativa de iniciar este proyecto se debe a la actual crisis de salud que atraviesan el Perú y el mundo. Por ello, hemos desarrollado un proyecto de investigación, con el fin de poder implementar y colocar en el mercado del sector textil perteneciente a la categoría de artículos de protección personal, una prenda denominada "mameluco" confeccionada con materiales que garanticen una buena protección y comodidad para los clientes, también queremos que este proyecto sea escalable y rentable en el tiempo. Mamelook está dirigido a hombres y mujeres entre 18 y 60 años que necesiten salir a buscar una actividad que se encuentren en un nivel socioeconómico A, B y C y vivan en Lima. Nuestra propuesta de valor es poder ofrecer la variedad de diseños en cuanto a colores y diseños creados por costureras independientes que trabajan desde casa con la oportunidad de que puedan ganar dinero en esta difícil situación que venimos atravesando. Adicionalmente, Asimismo, el canal de contacto directo con el cliente empleado para este proyecto son las redes sociales. Para iniciar el proyecto se requerirá invertir S / 75,463 (setenta y cinco mil cuatrocientos sesenta y tres soles), estos tendrán la estructura de capital con aporte de los accionistas y un préstamo de microfinanzas. El proyecto genera una Tasa Interna de Retorno (TIR) de 31.06% y un Valor Actual Neto de S / 44,977.39. Antes mencionado, se puede concluir que el proyecto es viable.Our initiative to start this project is because of the current health crisis that Peru and the world are facing. For this reason, we have developed a research project, in order to be able to implement and place in the market of the textile sector belonging to the category of personal protection items, a garment called "mameluco" made with materials that guarantee good protection and comfort to the customers, also we want this project be scalable and profitable over time . Mamelook is aimed at men and women between the ages of 18 and 60 who need to go out and look for an activity those are in a socioeconomic level A, B and C and live in Lima. Our value proposal is to be able to offer the variety of designs in terms of colors and designs created by independent seamstresses who work from home with the opportunity that they can make money in this hard situation that we have been facing. In addition, the way of selling our product to the costumers for this project is the social. To start the project, it will be required to invest S / 75,463 (Seventy-five thousand four hundred and sixty-three soles), these will have the capital structure with contribution from the stockholders and a microfinance loan. The project generates an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 31.06% and a Net Present Value of S / 44,977.39. Above mentioned, it can be concluded that the project is viable.Trabajo de investigació