Liquid hydrogen film cooled pressure transducers

Liquid hydrogen film cooled pressure transducer for flush mounting in rocket combustion chambe

Does the threat of disqualification deter drivers from speeding?

Road Safety Research Report, number 96, is available from the National Archives: Department for Transport, and can be accessed from the link below.It has long been recognised that driving speeds that are excessive and inappropriate to the conditions are a major contributory factor in road accidents, and a major issue for road safety. Restraining driving speeds has proved to be a difficult task, given the improvements over the years in both vehicle performance and road design. Within the traditional ‘three Es’ countermeasures of engineering, education and enforcement, recent years have seen the introduction of a wide range of engineering measures designed to bring about speed reduction, but these tend to be restricted to specific parts of the road network. New technologies such as Intelligent Speed Adaptation (ISA) offer considerable promise, but mainly in the medium or longer term. Similarly, educative efforts to induce attitude and behaviour change in this context are bearing fruit, yet this is a long-term rather than short-term project. For the foreseeable future, enforcement will remain the principal means of influencing speed, by setting speed limits and imposing sanctions on drivers who are caught exceeding them. The number of licence endorsements has increased enormously in recent years. However, over the same period the number of disqualifications resulting from ‘totting-up’ points has decreased. This would seem to indicate that many drivers who accumulate up to 11 penalty points are either acting as if deterred by the threat of disqualification, or are avoiding disqualification in some other way. The extent to which penalty points act as a deterrent for the benefit of road safety in general is therefore an important issue, and this report describes work that has been carried out to study this issue by TRL and Brunel University, under contract to the Department for Transport

Investigating the Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of PECVD TEOS SiO2 on Silicon

The goal of the experiment was to determine the coefficient of thermal expansion for PECVD TEOS on SiO2 on silicon using surface machined MEMS. Two different devices were used to investigate the property along with an available environmental chamber and an optical interferomeler. One device yielded no results and the other device needs tuning to yield more accurate results. The investigation as a whole proved that the methodology works should devices be obtained or fabricated that could measure what is necessary to calculate the coefficients accurately

Syntax and Semantics of Italian Poetry in the First Half of the 20th Century

In this paper we study, analyse and comment rhetorical figures present in some of most interesting poetry of the first half of the twentieth century. These figures are at first traced back to some famous poet of the past and then compared to classical Latin prose. Linguistic theory is then called in to show how they can be represented in syntactic structures and classified as noncanonical structures, by positioning discontinuous or displaced linguistic elements in Spec XP projections at various levels of constituency. Then we introduce LFG (Lexical Functional Grammar) as the theory that allows us to connect syntactic noncanonical structures with informational structure and psycholinguistic theories for complexity evaluation. We end up with two computational linguistics experiments and then evaluate the results. The first one uses best online parsers of Italian to parse poetic structures; the second one uses Getarun, the system created at Ca Foscari Computational Linguistics Laboratory. As will be shown, the first approach is unable to cope with these structures due to the use of only statistical probabilistic information. On the contrary, the second one, being a symbolic rule based system, is by far superior and allows also to complete both semantic an pragmatic analysis.Comment: To appear in Proceedings of AIUCD 2016 (revised version as of March 19, 2018

Advanced Technologies for SIW Passive Microwave Components

The rapid growth of wireless networks and technologies of the last few decades has imposed new requirements on the performance of microwave components. There is a demand for wireless devices and sensors with high performance, high miniaturization and low production cost. Given this framework, the aim of this work is to provide a useful contribution through the study of existing techniques and the proposal of new ones. This is done by pursuing two specific lines of research: the study and analysis of compact Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) resonators and filters, and the development of particularly simple and inexpensive reconfigurable antenna arrays based on an innovative amplitude beam-steering technique. Resonators are used as the basis for many different microwave devices. The achievable performance of said devices is limited by the losses of their resonators. The SIW is a planar transmission line technology which is a promising candidate for a wide array of applications. Compared to other planar technologies, the SIW offers particularly low losses and high electromagnetic performance, with an increase in the size of the components as a trade-off. In order to increase the miniaturization of SIW devices, the Half-Mode technique has been proposed, resulting in the Half-Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide (HMSIW) topology. The Half-Mode technique can be applied multiple times to the classic square SIW resonator. With every iteration, the miniaturization factor is increased. The topologies that can be obtained are the Half-Mode resonator, the Quarter-Mode resonator and the Eighth-Mode resonator. While the SIW topology is completely closed and electromagnetically shielded, HMSIW and derived structures are partly open. For this reason, the performance of HMSIW devices suffer from the introduction of leakage and radiation losses. This work offers a study on the performance of the size reduction technique by the systematic analysis of these topologies. In a practical application, the results of this analysis are used to find which compact topology may be more convenient to employ depending on the design constraints such as frequency or kind of substrate to use. In order to mitigate the problem of losses, a few modified topologies which offer a substantial increase in the Quality Factor for only a modest increase in the size of the resonators have been proposed. An antenna array is defined as a group of antenna elements which operate concurrently. By acting on the relative phase of the signal of each radiator, it is possible to control the shape and orientation of the radiation pattern of the entire array. A phased array provides a high level of flexibility on the shape of the radiation pattern, but it is usually a complex system which requires a high amount of control elements. This work proposes an alternative technique that can be used to synthesise arrays with beam-steering properties without the use of phase shifters. The array is divided in two sub-arrays with the same amount of elements. Each sub-array is designed with a fixed phase profile and direction of maximum radiation. The pointing direction of the overall radiation beam can be controlled by adjusting the ratio of signal power being distributed between the two sub-arrays. The proposed technique manages to minimize the amount of control elements required to obtain beam-steering, since only a single power divider is needed. Fixed sub-array cells are simple to design and implement. The result is a large reduction in the complexity of the system. This work presents in detail the advantages, limits and drawbacks of the proposed amplitude-based beam steering technique. This technique is then used to design two different antenna arrays for 5G applications.The rapid growth of wireless networks and technologies of the last few decades has imposed new requirements on the performance of microwave components. There is a demand for wireless devices and sensors with high performance, high miniaturization and low production cost. Given this framework, the aim of this work is to provide a useful contribution through the study of existing techniques and the proposal of new ones. This is done by pursuing two specific lines of research: the study and analysis of compact Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) resonators and filters, and the development of particularly simple and inexpensive reconfigurable antenna arrays based on an innovative amplitude beam-steering technique. Resonators are used as the basis for many different microwave devices. The achievable performance of said devices is limited by the losses of their resonators. The SIW is a planar transmission line technology which is a promising candidate for a wide array of applications. Compared to other planar technologies, the SIW offers particularly low losses and high electromagnetic performance, with an increase in the size of the components as a trade-off. In order to increase the miniaturization of SIW devices, the Half-Mode technique has been proposed, resulting in the Half-Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide (HMSIW) topology. The Half-Mode technique can be applied multiple times to the classic square SIW resonator. With every iteration, the miniaturization factor is increased. The topologies that can be obtained are the Half-Mode resonator, the Quarter-Mode resonator and the Eighth-Mode resonator. While the SIW topology is completely closed and electromagnetically shielded, HMSIW and derived structures are partly open. For this reason, the performance of HMSIW devices suffer from the introduction of leakage and radiation losses. This work offers a study on the performance of the size reduction technique by the systematic analysis of these topologies. In a practical application, the results of this analysis are used to find which compact topology may be more convenient to employ depending on the design constraints such as frequency or kind of substrate to use. In order to mitigate the problem of losses, a few modified topologies which offer a substantial increase in the Quality Factor for only a modest increase in the size of the resonators have been proposed. An antenna array is defined as a group of antenna elements which operate concurrently. By acting on the relative phase of the signal of each radiator, it is possible to control the shape and orientation of the radiation pattern of the entire array. A phased array provides a high level of flexibility on the shape of the radiation pattern, but it is usually a complex system which requires a high amount of control elements. This work proposes an alternative technique that can be used to synthesise arrays with beam-steering properties without the use of phase shifters. The array is divided in two sub-arrays with the same amount of elements. Each sub-array is designed with a fixed phase profile and direction of maximum radiation. The pointing direction of the overall radiation beam can be controlled by adjusting the ratio of signal power being distributed between the two sub-arrays. The proposed technique manages to minimize the amount of control elements required to obtain beam-steering, since only a single power divider is needed. Fixed sub-array cells are simple to design and implement. The result is a large reduction in the complexity of the system. This work presents in detail the advantages, limits and drawbacks of the proposed amplitude-based beam steering technique. This technique is then used to design two different antenna arrays for 5G applications

Exploring the needs of military children in public schools: What school psychologists need to know

Although research has been published documenting the increased risk for negative social, emotional, behavioral, and academic outcomes of military-connected students, no research prior to this study has given voice to these students and explored their experiences and needs. Five military-connected high school students participated in a focus group exploring what their lived experiences are in the context of living in a military-connected home and what they wish their schools knew to better support them. A thematic analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data and six themes emerged from the discussion: the emotional burden these students carry, distance they feel from their parent serving, pressure to succeed, the desire for visibility within their schools, going home to more than homework, and the instability and unknow of military life. These themes can provide a framework for schools to develop a multi-tiered system of support to ensure military-connected students are seen, heard, and supported at every transition. School psychologists can utilize these themes to advocate for military-connected students and support their needs with their unique knowledge of both the psychological and academic demands placed on student

Pressure switch for detection of thruster operation of lunar excursion module reaction control system Final report

Design and test data of pressure switch for thrustor operation detection of lunar excursion module reaction control syste