350 research outputs found
Relationship between spatial and development planning at the local level in the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
The mutual relationship between spatial and development planning at the local level is a very current topic that has concrete consequences for development processes in local government units in the territory of Republika Srpska (RS). Although it is still unregulated from the legislative point of view, local development planning is much more present in practice, which is primarily manifested in the almost complete coverage of the territory of the RS by local development strategies. The connection of these documents to spatial and urban plans has not been treated in an appropriate way, which leads to a certain degree of their mutual inconsistency. The basic hypothesis of this paper arises from this statement, and that is that the lack of a clearly defined connection with spatial planning in the methodology of drafting local development documents leads to the inconsistency of these documents as the final result. As an auxiliary hypothesis, the assumption will be investigated that a large discrepancy in the coverage of the territory of the Republika Srpska between local development strategies and spatial plans of local government units also contributed to this inconsistency
The failure of planning endevour in north east border area of Serbia towards Bulgaria
With the transition, spatial planning was supposed to mitigate the negative effects of the new player - market to the public interest. But, seems like our planning didn't find the mechanisms to mitigate those effects created by the market inside it. Planning institutions in pretransitional period were exclusively in public sector. We now have on one side, some big planning institution, partially financed from the state's budget usually with the monopoly over elaboration of one group of plans and on the other side, smaller ones which are being privatized. Both are thrown to the market and are trying to acquire as much engagements as possible in order to secure enough financing. They are producing more plans for less money in a shorter period of time. As a result, these former public agents diverted by the new hostile conditions given by undeveloped market and neoliberal environment are still presenting traditional rigid planning model, deterministic and inflexible, with fixed land use parameters and regulations. Seems like the turbulent times in which the most important task is to survive didn't give them a chance to develop and to introduce more innovative and novel models in view of participative, strategic and action plan oriented planning. The failure of planning enterprise to achieve at least some balance in regional inequity is clearly visible in peripheral, i.e. border areas. The paper discuss the main objectives and planning concepts in various overlapping planning documents on national, regional and local levels elaborated for Timocka krajina, a border region situated in NE Serbia towards a frontier to Bulgaria, and the obvious gap between planning optimism and accurate demographic, social and economic decline of the region, despite both local and European based, mostly cross border related projects and initiatives
SOME ASPECTS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
This paper analyzes the basis of the concept of sustainable development and refers to the optimal level of space use for tourist purposes. In doing so, a special attention is mostly paid to negative impacts of tourism on space, i.e. the necessity of spatial limitation of tourism development in order to preserve and protect natural and created resources. An intensive and uncontrolled development of tourism in the second half of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century caused the degradation of the environment, the destruction of ecosystems and other social and cultural conflicts in the tourist area. For these reasons, it is necessary to align the planning of the future development of tourism with the principles of sustainable development by using different indicators. The main goal of this paper is to analyze various indicators of sustainable development that determine the possibility of using space in tourism, as well as sustainable tourism development. When selecting the indicators of future development, certain criteria must be taken into consideration, such as the criterion of relevance, feasibility (availability), credibility, and so on. The essence of use of the indicators is to determine the optimal number of potential visitors and facilities in the tourist area, without significantly affecting the environment, reducing the quality of tourist experience (sensation) or jeopardizing the sense of identity, lifestyle and activities of the domicile population
Problematika kulturnog nasleÄa u sistemu prostornog planiranja u Srbiji
Although many critical observations could be addressed to Serbian planning practice, it would be unjust to say that cultural heritage is excluded form the planning process, just on the contrary - planning in Serbia is not possible without taking into account a cultural dimension of a territory on which a planning activity is taking place. If there is an international influence on this approach, then it should be rather found in the Serbian school of planning than in convention-type obligations. However, European documents, such as European Spatial Development Perspective and Guiding Principles for Sustainable Spatial Development of the European Continent will, together with their cultural component, certainly become a framework for future national planning documents and policies.Bez obzira na Äinjenicu Å”to se na praksu prostornog planiranja u Srbiji mogu uputiti mnoge zamerke, bilo bi nepravedno reÄi da je problematika zaÅ”tite kulturnog nasleÄa u njoj zanemarena ā nasuprot, planiranje u Srbiji nije moguÄe bez razmatranja kulturne dimenzije prostora za koji se radi plan. Ukoliko se uopÅ”te može govoriti o meÄunarodnom aspektu ove problematike, ona je viÅ”e prisutna u Å”kolama planiranja nego u pozitivnim zakonskim propisima. Ipak, perspektive prostornog razvoja Evrope zajedno sa vodeÄim principima održivog razvoja Evropskog kontinenta biÄe nesumnjivo, sa svojom kulturnom komponentom, okvir za izradu planskih dokumenata i politika na nacionalnom nivou u buduÄnosti
The observatory for spatial planning and environment in South East Europe: Comments and contribution of Yugoslav side
One of major initial results of the ESTIA project1 is the common idea on the ESTIA Spatial Observatory (O.S.P.E.), the system for monitoring spatial development and planning policies of six partner countries in the project. The basic idea is to have a 'qualitative and quantitative framework of data' with a data-base constructed with available, reliable and comparable data for the six countries' spatial planning system. The Observatory for Spatial Planning and Environment in South East Europe (O.S.P.E.) we deem as a major step towards better understanding and cooperation among countries in this unstable region of Europe. A number of clashes between neighboring countries have been the result of uncoordinated, even opposed actions in spatial terms. An attempt in the direction of a common check point for registering, analyzing, coordinating and monitoring of existing systems policies and, as a result, their planned actions, might be of substantial use for creating a new kind of understanding and joint way of thinking in South East Europe in the future. Therefore, we estimate that Yugoslav proceedings prepared for the Bucharest 3. ESTIA meeting (Stojkov, VujoÅ”eviÄ, SubotiÄ, Petovar, StojanoviÄ 1999.) could be referent for the further elaboration of the O.S.P.E. idea
Slabost prostornog planiranja u Srbiji na primeru planiranja prostornog razvoja pograniÄne zone prema Bugarskoj
Uncertainty is the only thing we can count on in Serbia nowadays. It seems that never-ending transition and predominant neoliberal concepts in both economical and social issues are still leaning our spatial planning system against the wall. Moreover, nothing is clean from the planners' point of view: who are the main actors and referees, which are the rules of the planning game, and even where the playground boundaries are. Spatial planning has always been a kind of calculated risk, but here and now it seems like it is just pure and simple risk. The situation is critical on all levels, from national straight to local, due to the absence of the regional level. Most of the spatial planning institutions adhere to a traditional rigid planning model, which is deterministic, inflexible, with fixed land use regulations. The spatial planning system is predominantly planners' centered, implying that it is the planner who identifies the problems and seeks planning alternatives rooted exclusively in rational methods and objective determinants. There is little, or no room for different interests and ideas and consequently, hardly any room for various stakeholders and shareholders to take part in the planning process and the ensuing implementation phase. All these weaknesses are even more obvious when shown on the particular example: development planning of bolder area of Serbia toward Bulgaria. This paper deals with the basic social and economic frame in which planning is performed in Serbia in recent years together with the main problems within the planning practice itself, shown in the mentioned case study. It also argues for the necessary changes aiming to increase the spatial planning system efficiency.Nesigurnost je jedina stvar na koju se danas može raÄunati u Srbiji. Utisak je da su tranzicija kojoj CE ne vidi kraj i dominirajuÄi neoliberalni koncept u ekonomskoj i socijalnoj sferi bukvalno priterali sistem prostornog planiranja uza zid. Å taviÅ”e, sa stanoviÅ”ta planera gotovo da niÅ”ta nije jasno: ko su glavni uÄesnici u planiranju, ko donosi odluke, koja su pravila igre pa Äak i gde su granice igraliÅ”ta. Prostorno planiranje je, doduÅ”e, uvek predstavljalo jedan oblik proraÄunatog rizika, ali danas i ovde je ono prost i Äist rizik. Situacija je kritiÄna na svim nivoima planiranja, od nacionalnog, preko regionalnog do lokalnog. SadaÅ”nja praksa planiranja u Srbiji je planer-centriÄna, u smislu da gotovo iskljuÄivo planeri identifikuju probleme u prostoru i nude alternative za njihovo reÅ”avanje. Premalo je mesta ostavljeno za drugaÄije interese i ideje, meÄusektosku koordinaciju i sinhronizaciju partnerstva izmeÄu javnog i privatnog sektora. Konsekventno, premalo je mesta ostavljeno za graÄane, intresne grupe i organizacije da u procesu planiranja uÄestvuju, te da uÄestvuju i u procesu planske implementacije. Dobar primer autistiÄnosti sistema planiranja u Srbiji je planiranje pograniÄne zone prema Bugarskoj. U ovom radu su prikazani socijalni i ekonomski okvir u kome planiranje u Srbiji danas deluje skupa sa problemima koji su se mogli identifikovati unutar struke, plastiÄno ilustrovani na pomenutoj studiji sluÄaja. Pored ovog, u radu se pledira za uvoÄenje nephodnih promena koje bi sistem prostornog planiranja uÄinile efikasnijim
Archaeological excavation of a medieval church in Omoljica: Preliminary report
Prilikom arheoloÅ”kih iskopavanja obavljenih tokom leta 2005. u ataru sela Omoljica kod PanÄeva, u celini su otkriveni temelji jednobrodne crkve sa dubokom, viÅ”e potkoviÄastom nego polukružnom apsidom na istoÄnoj strani. U zapadnom delu crkve delimiÄno je oÄuvana pravougaona konstrukcija. Osim crkve, istom prilikom su, delimiÄno, istraženi i ostaci joÅ” jedne graÄevine neposredno uz crkvu, kao i deo nekropole sa zapadne i južne strane crkve. Na osnovu preliminarnih rezultata prve obimnije istraživaÄke kampanje, ostaci crkve bi se okvirno mogli pripisati razdoblju XII-XIII v.The village of Omoljica lies in south-western Banat, 12 km south-east of PanÄevo. The archaeological site is located some 5 km north-east of the centre of the village, on the right bank of the Slatina watercourse. In 2005 the foundations of a church were completely uncovered and another building in the immediate vicinity of the church was partially investigated as was part of a cemetery to the west and south of the church (fig. 1; pl. I/1). The foundations uncovered measure 12 x 6.4 m and are of a single nave church with a deep apse. They are made of beaten earth, and measure from 1.1 to 1.3 m in width. They were dug through an older layer belonging to late antiquity, in the fertile soil to a depth of 1.7 m. Above ground the church was built of brick and lime mortar. In the western part of the church the remains of a rectangular structure made of brick were discovered. To the south and west of the church 16 burials were excavated. When the foundation of the western wall was dug three older graves were disturbed and in the southern part of the cemetery the existence of at least two further levels of burials was detected. Grave finds can mostly be connected with the older levels of graves. Four 'S' earrings of twisted silver wire were discovered, two individually and two threaded one through the other (pl. II/1), a necklace of various glass paste beads (pl. II/2) a banded ring of bronze foil (pl. II/3) and four Hungarian silver coins, one of which was illegible; the three others (pl. II/4-6) resemble examples dated to the second half of the 12th century. At the south side of the church the foundations of another building were discovered which made partial contact with the south wall of the church. South of these a rectangular structure of stone, brick and lime mortar in the shape of a basin was found (pl. I/2). The most recent traces of habitation in the area examined were two pits, one of which was dug in the north-western corner of the church and the other outside it. Several small fragments of pottery were discovered in these which cannot be dated earlier than the 14th-15th century. On the basis of this first excavation campaign, the church can be dated tentatively to the 12th to 13th century, and belonged to the surrounding settlement
Predictive value of erectile dysfynction in assessment of endothelial function.
Poslednjih godina uoÄena je snažna povezanost izmeÄu prisusutva erektilne
disfunkcije (ED) i globalne funkcije endotela u organizmu Äoveka. Naime, oÅ”tepoznata je
Äinjenica da funkcija endotela reflektuje vaskulano zdravlje Äoveka. Veliki broj istraživanja
je pokazao da se najranija kliniÄka manifestacija poremeÄaja funkcije endotela Äesto ispoljava
kao ED, s' obzirom da su arterije penisa jedne od najmanjih u organizmu. ImajuÄi u vidu
Äinjenicu da proces ateroskleroze ima sistemski karakter, aktuelna je hiopteza da se on odvija
u istom stepenu u celom vaskularnom sistemu, ali da vreme nastanka kliniÄkih manifestacija
zavisi direktno od dijametra krvnih sudova. Stoga, prisustvo ED se može smatrati kao
najranija kliniÄka manifestacija sistemskih aterosklerotiÄnih promena na krvnim sudovima, i
prediktor kasnijeg nastanka kardiovaskularne bolesti (KVB).
Koncept "vaskularne starosti" , koji je uveo hipotezu da je "osoba stara onoliko koliko su joj
stari i krvni sudovi" je oblast koja se sve viŔe istražuje u proceni globalnog rizika za nastanak
KVB. U skladu sa ovakvim pretpostavkama vaskularna starost predstavlja hronoloŔku starost
koja je korigovana za individualno optereÄenje aterosklartiÄnim promenama. Iz svega
navedenog proizilazi da se vaskualrna i hronoloÅ”ka starost kod jedne osobe mogu znaÄajno
razlikovati. Naime, imajuÄi u vidu Äinjenicu da se individualna aterosklerotiÄna optereÄenja
mogu znaÄajno razlikovati izmeÄu osoba istog hronoloÅ”kog uzrasta, jasno je da se u pozadini
ovakvih razlika nalaze razliÄita izloženost sredinskim i genetskim faktorima koji uÄestvuju u
procesu nastanka ateroskleroze.
CILJ: Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je procenjivanje prognostiÄkog znaÄaja ED u proceni stepena
oÅ”teÄenja endotela na osnovu ispitivanja nivoa biohemijskih markera (Asymmetric
dimethylarginine (ADMA), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), Endothelin-1,
Homocysteine, 8-isoprostane). TakoÄe, u studiji se vrÅ”ilo i ispitivanje prediktivne vrednosti
ED u proceni diskrepance u hronoloŔkoj i vaskularnoj starosti ispitanika.
MATERIJAL I METODE: U vremenskom periodu od januara 2014. do januara 2015. godine
svi pacijenti koji su dolazili na redovne kontrolne preglede u ambulante Instututa za urologiju,
Instituta za kardiovaskularne bolesti i Instituta za endokrinologiju KliniÄkog centra Srbije su
uzeti za razmataranje za ukljuÄenje u studiju. Kriterijumi za iskljuÄivanje iz studije bili su
sledeÄi: uzrast ispod 18 godina, prisustvo poremeÄaja zdravlja koji mogu uticati na nivoe
ispitivanih biohemijskih parametara (prisusutvo srÄane insuficijencije, akutnog koronarnog
sindroma, terminalne bubrežne insuficijencije, bolesti srÄanih valvula, akutnog infektivnog
oboljenja, autoimunih bolesti, endokrinog oboljenja (izuzev dijabetesa melitusa (DM) tipa 2)),
prisustvo psihijatrijskog oboljenja i pozitivna anamneza o povredama ili opereaciji u regionu
male karlice..
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