L'administration et le quotidien

International audienceLa science politique invite depuis longtemps à s’intéresser à la conduite ordinaire des administrations, avec leurs fonctionnements informels et autres jeux de pouvoir. Depuis plus d’une vingtaine d’année, la « street level bureaucracy » a fait l’objet d’un renouvellement sensible. Le texte fait état de deux démarches de recherche distinctes : l’une focalise l’attention sur les rapports sociaux de guichet et leurs constituants, l’autre restitue le travail des bureaucrates et ses techniques

169 Does atrial differences in endothelium damage, leukocyte and platelet activation contribute to chamber specific thrombogenic status in patients with atrial fibrillation?

BackgroundIn atrial fibrillation (AF), the reasons why most of the thrombi form in the left atrium are mainly unknown. In the vasculature, endothelial damage together with platelet activation and inflammation contribute to initiation of blood coagulation and thrombus growth.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate whether atrial-specific differences in endothelial damage, leukocyte activation, platelet stimulation occur in patients with AF.MethodsTwenty patients (15 men, 5 women; age 55±8 years, 15 paroxystic AF, 5 persistent AF) with AF undergoing ablation were investigated. Blood samples from the left and right atrium were obtained at the start of the procedure. Procoagulant microparticles (MPs), reliable markers of vascular damage were measured by capture assays. Their procoagulant abilities were quantified by functional prothrombinase assay and their cellular origin were determined (endothelium, platelet, leukocyte). In addition, platelet reactivity was evaluated by whole blood flow cytometry for expression of platelet Pselectin (CD62P), active glycoprotein IIbIIIa receptor (PAC-1). Platelet aggregation was evaluated using Arachidonic acid (AA), ADP, TRAP and collageninduced whole blood aggregometry.ResultsNo atrial-specific differences in the levels of total procoagulant MP, leukocyte-derived-MP and platelet-derived MP could be evidenced. Conversely, endothelial-derived MPs (CD105+) were slightly elevated in the right atrium (RA 0.96±0.53 vs. LA 0.80±0.45nm PhtdSer Eq.; p=0.041). Likewise, collagen-induced platelet aggregation was evidenced in the right atrium (Collagen 1mg/l RA: 48±33% vs LA 37±29%; p 0.035; collagen 2,5mg/l RA: 76±25% vs LA: 60±29%; p=0.001).ConclusionsIn patients with AF, endothelial damage and collageninduced platelet aggregation appear slightly more pronounced in the right atrium. Our data did not substantiate the view that chamber specific enhanced thrombogenic status could be a reliable explanation for the increased propensity for thrombus formation observed in the left atrium in AF patients

Las carreras de Indias de los colegiales de Maese Rodrigo de Sevilla en el siglo XVII

Tomo I ; págs. 119-13

Moléculas de tipo furanonaftoquinonas con potencial actividad farmacológica en el tratamiento de la malaria evidenciado en ensayo antiplasmodial y cálculos computacionales

Más de 120 millones de casos clínicos y más de 1.5 millones de muertes ocurren cada año en el mundo a causa de la malaria. Entre 18 y 24 millones de Colombianos están expuestos a contraer la malaria o a morir a causa de ella, como quiera que viven por debajo de los 1600 metros de altura sobre el nivel del mar, y aunque la mortalidad de la malaria ha disminuido en forma significativa en los últimos decenios, se ha revelado una tendencia al crecimiento de la morbilidad durante los últimos 40 años. En el grupo de Productos Naturales de nuestra facultad se obtuvo sintéticamente algunos derivados furanonaftoquinónicos, los cuales fueron, se evaluó su actividad antimalárica y su afinidad por el sitio activo de la enzima HRP2 utilizando cálculos computacionales. Salud UIS 2008; 40: 143-14

Cardiology News /Recent Literature Review / Third Quarter 2013

HCS Meeting: Athens, 10-12/10/2013 TCT Meeting: San Francisco, 28/10-1/11/13 AHA 2013: Dallas, 16-20/11/13   ACC 2014: Washington, DC, 29-31/3/2014 Athens Cardiology Update 2014: Athens (Crown Plaza Hotel), 10-12/4/2014 HRS Meeting: San Francisco, 7-10/5/2014 EuroPCR: Paris, 20-23/5/2014 CardioStim 2014: Nice, 18-21/6/2014 Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Closure May be a Therapeutic Alternative in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation (AF) and Absolute Contraindications to Anticoagulation TherapyLeft atrial appendage closure (LAAC) with the AMPLATZER Cardiac Plug (ACP) was successfully performed in 51 of 52 (98%) patients (aged 74+8 years) with AF and absolute contraindications to anticoagulation therapy. Most patients received dual-antiplatelet therapy after the procedure for 1-3 months and single antiplatelet therapy thereafter. Main complications were device embolization (1.9%) and pericardial effusion (1.9%), with no cases of periprocedural stroke. At follow-up (20+5 months), death rate was 5.8%, stroke 1.9%, systemic embolism 0%, pericardial effusion 1.9%, and major bleeding 1.9%. The presence of mild peridevice leak was observed in 16.2% of patients at the 6-month follow-up as evaluated by transesophageal echo. There were no cases of device thrombosis. The authors concluded that in patients with nonvalvular AF at high risk of cardioembolic events and absolute contraindications to anticoagulation, LAAC using the ACP device followed by dual-/single-antiplatelet therapy was associated with a low rate of embolic and bleeding events and no device thrombosis at short and midterm follow-up (Urena M et al, J Am Coll Cardiol 2013;62:96–102). Preliminary Favorable Experience With Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Suture Ligation Using the LARIAT Device in Patients With Atrial FibrillationPercutaneous ligation of the left atrial appendage (LAA) with the LARIAT device (a snare with a pre-tied suture guided epicardially over the LAA) was success-fully performed in 85 of 89 (96%) patients with complete closure achieved in 81 patients, while 4 had a <2-3-mm residual LAA leak. There were 3 complications (during pericardial access, n=2; & transseptal catheterization, n=1). Adverse events included severe pericarditis post-operatively (n=2), late pericardial effusion (n=1), sudden death (n=2), & late strokes (n=2). At 1 (81 of 85) & 3 months (77 of 81) post-ligation, 95% of the patients had complete LAA closure by transesophageal echo (TEE). Of the 65 patients undergoing 1-year TEE, there was 98% complete LAA closure, including patients with previous leaks. The authors concluded that LAA closure with the LARIAT device can be performed effectively with acceptably low complication rate (Bartus et al, J Am Coll Cardiol 2013;62:108–118)... (excerpt

Methodological and creative possibilities using the Internet in education

La irrupción de Internet en las aulas ha supuesto un cambio importante a la hora de afrontar las relaciones profesor-alumno. Los alumnos requieren un modo diferente de aprender, pero los profesores estamos anclados en una forma de enseñanza cercana a la clase magistral. Este sistema impide que nuestros alumnos creen; simplemente se convierten en unos meros reproductores de las explicaciones del profesor. En lugar de aprovechar toda la información que hay en la red e intentar canalizarla a nuestro favor creando conocimiento, en muchos casos intentamos ignorarla y continuar con un método de muy poco valor. Podemos cambiar la forma de enseñar de nuestros alumnos introduciendo las nuevas herramientas TIC y fomentando la creación del conocimientoThe advent of the Internet in classrooms has been a significant change inS tackling teacher-student relationships. Students require a different way of learning, but teachers are stuck in a way of teaching based on the lecture style used in tradtional standart classes. This method does not allow our students to think; they become passive recipients of teachers’ explanations. Instead of using all the available information on the Internet to channel it to our advantage while creating knowledge, most of the times we try to ignore it and continue using an ineffective method. We can change the way we teach our students by introducing new ICT tools and encouraging the creation of knowledg

Moléculas de tipo furanonaftoquinonas con potencial actividad farmacológica en el tratamiento de la malaria evidenciado en ensayo antiplasmodial y cálculos computacionales

Más de 120 millones de casos clínicos y más de 1.5 millones de muertes ocurren cada año en el mundo a causa de la malaria. Entre 18 y 24 millones de Colombianos están expuestos a contraer la malaria o a morir a causa de ella, como quiera que viven por debajo de los 1600 metros de altura sobre el nivel del mar, y aunque la mortalidad de la malaria ha disminuido en forma significativa en los últimos decenios, se ha revelado una tendencia al crecimiento de la morbilidad durante los últimos 40 años. En el grupo de Productos Naturales de nuestra facultad se obtuvo sintéticamente algunos derivados furanonaftoquinónicos, los cuales fueron, se evaluó su actividad antimalárica y su afinidad por el sitio activo de la enzima HRP2 utilizando cálculos computacionales. Salud UIS 2008; 40: 143-14

Jorge Manrique’s “Coplas por la muerte de su padre”: A History of the Poem and its Reception [RESEÑA]

Reseña de Marino, Nancy F. Jorge Manrique’s “Coplas por la muerte de su padre”: A History of the Poem and its Re- ception. Woodbridge: Tamesis, 2011. 214 pp. (ISBN: 978-1-85566-231-5