Stress and worry in the 2020 coronavirus pandemic: relationships to trust and compliance with preventive measures across 48 countries in the COVIDiSTRESS global survey

The COVIDiSTRESS global survey collects data on early human responses to the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic from 173 429 respondents in 48 countries. The open science study was co-designed by an international consortium of researchers to investigate how psychological responses differ across countries and cultures, and how this has impacted behaviour, coping and trust in government efforts to slow the spread of the virus. Starting in March 2020, COVIDiSTRESS leveraged the convenience of unpaid online recruitment to generate public data. The objective of the present analysis is to understand relationships between psychological responses in the early months of global coronavirus restrictions and help understand how different government measures succeed or fail in changing public behaviour. There were variations between and within countries. Although Western Europeans registered as more concerned over COVID-19, more stressed, and having slightly more trust in the governments' efforts, there was no clear geographical pattern in compliance with behavioural measures. Detailed plots illustrating between-countries differences are provided. Using both traditional and Bayesian analyses, we found that individuals who worried about getting sick worked harder to protect themselves and others. However, concern about the coronavirus itself did not account for all of the variances in experienced stress during the early months of COVID-19 restrictions. More alarmingly, such stress was associated with less compliance. Further, those most concerned over the coronavirus trusted in government measures primarily where policies were strict. While concern over a disease is a source of mental distress, other factors including strictness of protective measures, social support and personal lockdown conditions must also be taken into consideration to fully appreciate the psychological impact of COVID-19 and to understand why some people fail to follow behavioural guidelines intended to protect themselves and others from infection. The Stage 1 manuscript associated with this submission received in-principle acceptance (IPA) on 18 May 2020. Following IPA, the accepted Stage 1 version of the manuscript was preregistered on the Open Science Framework at https://osf.io/ytbcs. This preregistration was performed prior to data analysis

Stress and worry in the 2020 coronavirus pandemic: Relationships to trust and compliance with preventive measures across 48 countries in the COVIDiSTRESS global survey

The COVIDiSTRESS global survey collects data on early human responses to the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic from 173 429 respondents in 48 countries. The open science study was co-designed by an international consortium of researchers to investigate how psychological responses differ across countries and cultures, and how this has impacted behaviour, coping and trust in government efforts to slow the spread of the virus. Starting in March 2020, COVIDiSTRESS leveraged the convenience of unpaid online recruitment to generate public data. The objective of the present analysis is to understand relationships between psychological responses in the early months of global coronavirus restrictions and help understand how different government measures succeed or fail in changing public behaviour. There were variations between and within countries. Although Western Europeans registered as more concerned over COVID-19, more stressed, and having slightly more trust in the governments' efforts, there was no clear geographical pattern in compliance with behavioural measures. Detailed plots illustrating between-countries differences are provided. Using both traditional and Bayesian analyses, we found that individuals who worried about getting sick worked harder to protect themselves and others. However, concern about the coronavirus itself did not account for all of the variances in experienced stress during the early months of COVID-19 restrictions. More alarmingly, such stress was associated with less compliance. Further, those most concerned over the coronavirus trusted in government measures primarily where policies were strict. While concern over a disease is a source of mental distress, other factors including strictness of protective measures, social support and personal lockdown conditions must also be taken into consideration to fully appreciate the psychological impact of COVID-19 and to understand why some people fail to follow behavioural guidelines intended to protect themselves and others from infection. The Stage 1 manuscript associated with this submission received in-principle acceptance (IPA) on 18 May 2020. Following IPA, the accepted Stage 1 version of the manuscript was preregistered on the Open Science Framework at https://osf.io/g2t3b. This preregistration was performed prior to data analysis

Stress and worry in the 2020 coronavirus pandemic : relationships to trust and compliance with preventive measures across 48 countries in the COVIDiSTRESS global survey

The COVIDiSTRESS global survey collects data on early human responses to the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic from 173 429 respondents in 48 countries. The open science study was co-designed by an international consortium of researchers to investigate how psychological responses differ across countries and cultures, and how this has impacted behaviour, coping and trust in government efforts to slow the spread of the virus. Starting in March 2020, COVIDiSTRESS leveraged the convenience of unpaid online recruitment to generate public data. The objective of the present analysis is to understand relationships between psychological responses in the early months of global coronavirus restrictions and help understand how different government measures succeed or fail in changing public behaviour. There were variations between and within countries. Although Western Europeans registered as more concerned over COVID-19, more stressed, and having slightly more trust in the governments' efforts, there was no clear geographical pattern in compliance with behavioural measures. Detailed plots illustrating between-countries differences are provided. Using both traditional and Bayesian analyses, we found that individuals who worried about getting sick worked harder to protect themselves and others. However, concern about the coronavirus itself did not account for all of the variances in experienced stress during the early months of COVID-19 restrictions. More alarmingly, such stress was associated with less compliance. Further, those most concerned over the coronavirus trusted in government measures primarily where policies were strict. While concern over a disease is a source of mental distress, other factors including strictness of protective measures, social support and personal lockdown conditions must also be taken into consideration to fully appreciate the psychological impact of COVID-19 and to understand why some people fail to follow behavioural guidelines intended to protect themselves and others from infection. The Stage 1 manuscript associated with this submission received in-principle acceptance (IPA) on 18 May 2020. Following IPA, the accepted Stage 1 version of the manuscript was preregistered on the Open Science Framework at https://osf.io/g2t3b. This preregistration was performed prior to data analysis.Peer reviewe

Stress and worry in the 2020 coronavirus pandemic: relationships to trust and compliance with preventive measures across 48 countries in the COVIDiSTRESS global survey

The COVIDiSTRESS global survey collects data on early human responses to the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic from 173 429 respondents in 48 countries. The open science study was co-designed by an international consortium of researchers to investigate how psychological responses differ across countries and cultures, and how this has impacted behaviour, coping and trust in government efforts to slow the spread of the virus. Starting in March 2020, COVIDiSTRESS leveraged the convenience of unpaid online recruitment to generate public data. The objective of the present analysis is to understand relationships between psychological responses in the early months of global coronavirus restrictions and help understand how different government measures succeed or fail in changing public behaviour. There were variations between and within countries. Although Western Europeans registered as more concerned over COVID-19, more stressed, and having slightly more trust in the governments' efforts, there was no clear geographical pattern in compliance with behavioural measures. Detailed plots illustrating between-countries differences are provided. Using both traditional and Bayesian analyses, we found that individuals who worried about getting sick worked harder to protect themselves and others. However, concern about the coronavirus itself did not account for all of the variances in experienced stress during the early months of COVID-19 restrictions. More alarmingly, such stress was associated with less compliance. Further, those most concerned over the coronavirus trusted in government measures primarily where policies were strict. While concern over a disease is a source of mental distress, other factors including strictness of protective measures, social support and personal lockdown conditions must also be taken into consideration to fully appreciate the psychological impact of COVID-19 and to understand why some people fail to follow behavioural guidelines intended to protect themselves and others from infection. The Stage 1 manuscript associated with this submission received in-principle acceptance (IPA) on 18 May 2020. Following IPA, the accepted Stage 1 version of the manuscript was preregistered on the Open Science Framework at https://osf.io/g2t3b. This preregistration was performed prior to data analysis

Résultats des modèles associant exploitation agricole, marchés et environnement

Ce rapport est un "déliverable" rédigé dans le cadre du programme européen GENEDEC, destiné à présenter les résultats de modèles associant les exploitations agricoles, les marchés et quelques critères environnementaux. Dans ce cadre, les résultats portent sur les impacts de la mise en oeuvre de l'accord de réforme de la PAC de Luxembourg, et pour partie sur les impacts d'une politique plus affirmée de découplage des aides. Le rapport est un ensemble de 16 chapitres dont la plupart sont rédigés dans le format d'un article scientifique. Ils concernent 1/ les impacts des réformes sur les exploitations agricoles évalués à partir du modèle AROPAj, impacts éventuellement modifiés par un changement de prix obtenus avec un modèle d'équilibre sectoriel; 2/ une approche du changement de la dynamique structurelle des exploitations agricoles ; 3/ une analyse des coûts d'opportunité de la terre estimés par les différents modèles de programmation mathématique mobilisés par GENEDEC; 4/ les impacts environnementaux essentiellement limités aux pollutions azotées, analysées avec l'insertion d'un modèle agronomique dans le modèle économique; 5/ la spatialisation des impacts, étudiée à partir de l'estimation des probabilités de localisation des activités et exploitations agricoles types à petite échelle, et mobilisant différentes bases européennes de données physiques et économiques

Résultats des modèles associant exploitation agricole, marchés et environnement

Contrat A02358 ; A quantitative and qualitative assesment of the socio economic and environmental impacts of decoupling of directs payments and agricultural production, markets and land use in EU [GENEDEC] Diffusion du document : UMR Economie publique avenue Brétignières 78850 Thiverval-Grignon (FRA)Ce rapport est un "déliverable" rédigé dans le cadre du programme européen GENEDEC, destiné à présenter les résultats de modèles associant les exploitations agricoles, les marchés et quelques critères environnementaux. Dans ce cadre, les résultats portent sur les impacts de la mise en oeuvre de l'accord de réforme de la PAC de Luxembourg, et pour partie sur les impacts d'une politique plus affirmée de découplage des aides. Le rapport est un ensemble de 16 chapitres dont la plupart sont rédigés dans le format d'un article scientifique. Ils concernent 1/ les impacts des réformes sur les exploitations agricoles évalués à partir du modèle AROPAj, impacts éventuellement modifiés par un changement de prix obtenus avec un modèle d'équilibre sectoriel; 2/ une approche du changement de la dynamique structurelle des exploitations agricoles ; 3/ une analyse des coûts d'opportunité de la terre estimés par les différents modèles de programmation mathématique mobilisés par GENEDEC; 4/ les impacts environnementaux essentiellement limités aux pollutions azotées, analysées avec l'insertion d'un modèle agronomique dans le modèle économique; 5/ la spatialisation des impacts, étudiée à partir de l'estimation des probabilités de localisation des activités et exploitations agricoles types à petite échelle, et mobilisant différentes bases européennes de données physiques et économiques

COVIDiSTRESS Global Survey dataset on psychological and behavioural consequences of the COVID-19 outbreak

This N=173,426 social science dataset was collected through the collaborative COVIDiSTRESS Global Survey – an open science effort to improve understandings of the human experiences of the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic between 30th March and 30th May, 2020. The dataset allows a cross-cultural study of psychological and behavioural responses to the Coronavirus pandemic and associated government measures like cancellation of public functions and stay at home orders implemented in many countries. The dataset contains demographic background variables as well as measures of perceived stress (PSS-10), availability of social provisions (SPS-10), trust in various authorities, trust in governmental measures to contain the virus (OECD trust), personality traits (BFF-15), information behaviours, agreement with the level of government intervention, and compliance with preventive measures, along with a rich pool of exploratory variables and written experiences. A global consortium from 44 countries worked together to build and translate a survey with variables of shared interests, and recruited participants in 49 languages and dialects. Raw plus cleaned the data and dynamic visualizations are available

COVIDiSTRESS Global Survey dataset on psychological and behavioural consequences of the COVID-19 outbreak

This N = 173,426 social science dataset was collected through the collaborative COVIDiSTRESS Global Survey - an open science effort to improve understanding of the human experiences of the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic between 30th March and 30th May, 2020. The dataset allows a cross-cultural study of psychological and behavioural responses to the Coronavirus pandemic and associated government measures like cancellation of public functions and stay at home orders implemented in many countries. The dataset contains demographic background variables as well as measures of Asian Disease Problem, perceived stress (PSS-10), availability of social provisions (SPS-10), trust in various authorities, trust in governmental measures to contain the virus (OECD trust), personality traits (BFF-15), information behaviours, agreement with the level of government intervention, and compliance with preventive measures, along with a rich pool of exploratory variables and written experiences. A global consortium from 39 countries and regions worked together to build and translate a survey with variables of shared interests, and recruited participants in 47 languages and dialects. Raw plus cleaned data and dynamic visualizations are available.Measurement(s) psychological measurement center dot anxiety-related behavior trait center dot Stress center dot response to center dot Isolation center dot loneliness measurement center dot Emotional Distress Technology Type(s) Survey Factor Type(s) geographic location center dot language center dot age of participant center dot responses to the Coronavirus pandemic Sample Characteristic - Organism Homo sapiens Sample Characteristic - Location global Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data:Peer reviewe

Pouvoir Radiatif Global, cibles optimales de réduction des émissions de gaz à effet de serre et implications pour la politique climatique

International audienceWe investigate the design of abatement targets in a multi-greenhouse gas and dynamic framework. Despite well-known shortcomings, the Global Warming Potential (GWP) is the most commonly used index to aggregate various greenhouse gases. We first characterize the 'first-best' abatement trajectories. We then turn to GWP-based targets, and focus on those that minimize the bias induced by the GWP. In such a second-best setting, we show that the optimal CO2-equivalent target exceeds the CO2 equivalence of the first-best abatements. Some implications for the design of climate policy are discussed.Les auteurs étudient les trajectoires de réductions des émissions de gaz à effet de serre à l'aide d'un modèle dynamique et mutli-gaz. Malgré les limites bien établies du concept de Pouvoir Radiatif Global (PRG), celui-ci demeure l'indice le plus communément utilisé pour agréger les émissions des différents gaz à effet de serre. Ils caractérisent tout d'abord les trajectoires multi-gaz optimales de réduction des émissions. Puis, il analysent ensuite les trajectoires fondées sur l'utilisation du PRG et se concentrent sur celles qui minimisent le biais induit par l'utilisation du PRG. Ils montrent que la trajectoire de second-rang diffère en général de la trajectoire optimale exprimée en CO2-équivalents. Enfin, ils discutent les implications pour la politique climatique