Estrategias de afrontamiento y nivel de sobrecarga en el cuidador informal de la persona con Alzheimer. Hospital Regional Docente de Trujillo 2013

La presente investigación de tipo correlacional y de corte transversal, se realizó con la finalidad de determinar la relación entre las estrategias de afrontamiento y el nivel de sobrecarga del cuidador informal de la persona con Alzheimer. La población de estudio estuvo conformada por 40 cuidadores informales. Se aplicaron 2 instrumentos: uno para identificar las estrategias de afrontamiento y el segundo para identificar el nivel de sobrecarga del cuidador informal. Se encontró que las estrategias de afrontamiento más utilizadas son: Resolución de Problemas 87.5%, Pensamiento Desiderativo 87.5%, y Reestructuración Cognitiva 80%. En relación a la sobrecarga, se evidenció que el 40% presenta sobrecarga leve, 32,5% no sobrecarga y 27,5% sobrecarga intensa. Existe una relación significativa entre Estrategias de Afrontamiento y Nivel de Sobrecarga.This research correlational and cross-sectional, was conducted in order to determine the relationship between coping strategies and level of overload informal caregiver of the person with Alzheimer's. The study population consisted of 40 informal caregivers. 2 instruments were applied: one to identify the coping strategies and the second to identify the level of informal caregiver overload. We found that the most used strategies are coping: Troubleshooting 87.5%, 87.5% Desiderative Thinking and Cognitive Restructuring 80%. Regarding overload, we found that 40% have mild overload, not overload 32.5% and 27.5% greater burden. There is a significant relationship between Coping Strategies and Overload levelTesi

Negative density dependence and environmental heterogeneity effects on tree ferns across succession in a tropical montane forest.

Although tree ferns are an important component of temperate and tropical forests, very little is known about their ecology. Their peculiar biology (e.g., dispersal by spores and two-phase life cycle) makes it difficult to extrapolate current knowledge on the ecology of other tree species to tree ferns. In this paper, we studied the effects of negative density dependence (NDD) and environmental heterogeneity on populations of two abundant tree fern species, Cyathea caracasana and Alsophila engelii, and how these effects change across a successional gradient. Species patterns harbor information on processes such as competition that can be easily revealed using point pattern analysis techniques. However, its detection may be difficult due to the confounded effects of habitat heterogeneity. Here, we mapped three forest plots along a successional gradient in the montane forests of Southern Ecuador. We employed homogeneous and inhomogeneous K and pair correlation functions to quantify the change in the spatial pattern of different size classes and a case-control design to study associations between juvenile and adult tree ferns. Using spatial estimates of the biomass of four functional tree types (short- and long-lived pioneer, shade- and partial shade-tolerant) as covariates, we fitted heterogeneous Poisson models to the point pattern of juvenile and adult tree ferns and explored the existence of habitat dependencies on these patterns. Our study revealed NDD effects for C. caracasana and strong environmental filtering underlying the pattern of A. engelii. We found that adult and juvenile populations of both species responded differently to habitat heterogeneity and in most cases this heterogeneity was associated with the spatial distribution of biomass of the four functional tree types. These findings show the effectiveness of factoring out environmental heterogeneity to avoid confounding factors when studying NDD and demonstrate the usefulness of covariate maps derived from mapped communities

Inteligencia emocional y gestión pedagógica en docentes de la I.E. N°80173, Curgos, provincia de Sánchez Carrión- 2019

La presente investigación titulada Inteligencia emocional y gestión pedagógica en docentes de la I.E. N° 80173, Curgos, Provincia de Sánchez Carrión- 2019, tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación existente entre inteligencia emocional y gestión pedagógica en docentes de la I.E. N° 80173, Curgos, Provincia de Sánchez Carrión – 2019. La investigación se realizó en una población muestral de 28 estudiantes, se usó el diseño Correlacional con dos variables para hallar su correlación se aplicó la técnica de la encuesta con dos cuestionarios tanto para Inteligencia Emocional y de las relaciones interpersonales, los cuales fueron validados mediante la validez de contenido siendo los valores de alfa de Cronbach de 0.8191 y 0.8334, respectivamente. Se estableció que la correlación entre la inteligencia emocional y la gestión pedagógica en docentes de la I.E. N° 80173, Curgos, Provincia de Sánchez Carrión – 2019 es positiva y muy alta, siendo el coeficiente de correlación de 0.951, lo cual implica que a menores valores de inteligencia emocional le corresponden menores de gestión pedagógica y análogamente con los valores altos. Así mismo, dicha correlación fue significativa ya que el p-valor fue de 0,000.Tesi

Multiplicación in vitro de Macleania rupestris (Kunth) A.C. Sm. (Ericaceae)

Macleania rupestris (Kunth) A.C. Smith (Ericaceae) is a plant native to the Andes, which produces edible fruits with great food and commercial potential. M. rupestris plants have been in vitro established from seeds of ripe fruits and to increase their number it is necessary to define the conditions of their multiplication. The objective of the investigation was to determine the effect of zeatin and kinetin to in vitro multiply M. rupestris plants. As a basal culture medium, Woody Plant (WP) was used. Treatments included the CIRGEBB culture medium (WP + 0.5 mg l-1 zeatin), A (WP + 0.5 mg l-1 kinetin), B (WP + 1.0 mg l-1 kinetin) and WP as control. The variables evaluated were explant height (cm), number of shoots and number of leaves, at 60 and 120 days of culture. The use of zeatin and kinetin in the WP culture medium allow in vitro multiplication of M. rupestris. However, the addition of zeatin favors the development of plants with phenotypic characteristics suitable for micropropagation. Based on the results, it is proposed to use the culture medium A (WP + 0.5 mg l-1 kinetin).Macleania rupestris (Kunth) A.C. Smith (Ericaceae) es una planta originaria de los Andes, que produce frutos comestibles con gran potencial alimenticio y comercial. Se han establecido in vitro plantas de M. rupestris a partir de semillas de frutos maduros y para incrementar su número se requiere definir las condiciones de su multiplicación. El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar el efecto de zeatina y kinetina para multiplicar in vitro plantas de M. rupestris. Como medio de cultivo basal se utilizó Woody Plant (WP). Los tratamientos incluyeron el medio de cultivo CIRGEBB (WP+zeatina 0.5 mg l-1), A (WP+kinetina 0.5 mg l-1), B (WP+kinetina 1.0 mg l-1)  y WP como control. Las variables evaluadas fueron altura del explante (cm), número de brotes y número de hojas, a los 60 y 120 días de cultivo. Tanto el uso de zeatina como kinetina en el medio de cultivo WP permiten la multiplicación in vitro de M. rupestris. Sin embargo, la adición de zeatina favorece el desarrollo de las plantas con características fenotípicas adecuadas para la micropropagación. Atendiendo a los resultados se propone utilizar el medio de cultivo A (WP+kinetina 0.5 mg l-1)

Evaluation of Three Deworming Methods and their Long-Term Effect on the Weight of Buffaloes Raised in Silvopastoral Systems

Purpose of the Study: The present work aimed to evaluate the effect of three deworming methods on body weight gains in buffaloes raised in silvopastoral systems (SPS). Methods: Thirty buffaloes were divided into three groups (ten per group) as follows: 1) Albendazole 10 g + 1.3 g of cobalt sulfate at one week of age and 14 days later; 2) Albendazole 10 g + 1.3 g of cobalt sulfate at one week of age and 14 days later, then at 6 months and 14 days later; 3) Ivermectin 1 g at 30 days of age and then at six months of age. Birth, weaning (9 months), and final (18 months) weight were registered, and daily weight gains were calculated. The McMaster technique was used to evaluate the presence of parasites. Results: The overall prevalence of parasites in the animals evaluated was 93.33%. The most common parasites were: Strongylus sp., Neoascaris sp., Moniezia sp., and Eimeria sp. Before the application of the dewormers, initial values in G1, G2, and G3 were 360, 350, and 210 hpg/opg; after the application of the treatments, 60, 25, and 20 hpg/opg were obtained, respectively. Buffaloes in G2 showed significantly (P=0.046) high final weights (415.10±23.76 kg) compared to G1 (354.80±46.71 kg) but showed no difference with G3 (374.80±43.60k). Conclusion: It is concluded that albendazole at 10 g and a repeat at six months of age can be used in buffalo breeding in SPS, which could help to implement regenerative livestock programs, decreasing the use of Ivermectin

Fludarabine inhibits KV1.3 currents in human B lymphocytes

Fludarabine (F-ara-A) is a purine analog commonly used in the treatment of indolent B cell malignancies that interferes with different aspects of DNA and RNA synthesis. KV1.3 K+ channels are membrane proteins involved in the maintenance of K+ homeostasis and the resting potential of the cell, thus controlling signaling events, proliferation and apoptosis in lymphocytes. Here we show that F-ara-A inhibits KV currents in human B lymphocytes. Our data indicate that KV1.3 is expressed in both BL2 and Dana B cell lines, although total KV1.3 levels were higher in BL2 than in Dana cells. However, KV currents in the plasma membrane were similar in both cell lines and were abrogated by the specific KV1.3 channel inhibitor PAP-1, indicating that KV1.3 accounts for most of the KV currents in these cell lines. F-ara-A, at a concentration (3.5 μM) similar to that achieved in the plasma of fludarabine phosphate-treated patients (3 μM), inhibited KV1.3 currents by 61 ± 6.3% and 52.3 ± 6.3% in BL2 and Dana B cells, respectively. The inhibitory effect of F-ara-A was concentration-dependent and showed an IC50 value of 0.36 ± 0.04 μM and a nH value of 1.07 ± 0.15 in BL2 cells and 0.34 ± 0.13 μM (IC50) and 0.77 ± 0.11 (nH) in Dana cells. F-ara-A inhibition of plasma membrane KV1.3 was observed irrespective of its cytotoxic effect on the cells, BL2 cells being sensitive and Dana cells resistant to F-ara-A cytotoxicity. Interestingly, PAP-1, at concentrations as high as 10 μM, did not affect the viability of BL2 and Dana cells, indicating that blockage of KV1.3 in these cells is not toxic. Finally, F-ara-A had no effect on ectopically expressed KV1.3 channels, suggesting an indirect mechanism of current inhibition. In summary, our results describe the inhibitory effect of F-ara-A on the activity of KV1.3 channel. Although KV1.3 inhibition is not sufficient to induce cell death, further research is needed to determine whether it might still contribute to F-ara-A cytotoxicity in sensitive cells or be accountable for some of the clinical side effects of the drug.This study was supported by MINECO (SAF2013-45800-R, SAF2016-75021-R, RD12/0042/0019, CB/11/00222) and ISCIII (PI12/01135 and PI16/00895). The cost of this publication was paid in part by funds from the European Fund for Economic and Regional Development (FEDER). TG is supported by the Ramón y Cajal Program.Peer reviewedPeer Reviewe

A palaeobiological window into the Lower Cretaceous Cupido Formation: Puerto México section, Nuevo Leon, Mexico

Abstract: A rich geobiological record of Cretaceous biotic and abiotic interactions around the protoGulf of Mexico has been preserved in the massive Cupido carbonate platform, i.e., in a sedimentary sequence that represents a depositional period of approximately 15 Myr. This work documents lateral facies variation on a dip slope reef from a new outcrop in the upper part of the Cupido Formation in the state of Nuevo Leon, Mexico. The measured transect is correlated with a stratigraphic column logged in a nearby section. The preserved fossil biota represents marginal reef facies dominated by abundant rudist shells such as Douvillelia skeltoni, Toucasia sp., Offneria sp., and Amphitrocoelus sp. associated with relatively large colonial corals (with diameters up to 25 cm) like Stelidioseris sp. and to a lesser extent, with stromatoporoids. Benthic foraminifers (miliolids and textularids) with associated dasycladalean algae such as Salpingorella sp. and Terquemella spp. dominate the microfossiliferous content in wackestones to packstones. This facies is overlain by a thin (15-30 cm) stromatolite horizon at the upper end of the measured section. This locality represents a new paleobiological and taphonomic window into one of the most extensive carbonate platform system developed along the margin of the Gulf of Mexico during the Cretaceous. Résumé : Une fenêtre paléobiologique dans la Formation Cupido du Crétacé inférieur : la coupe de Puerto México, Nuevo León, Mexique.- Un enregistrement géobiologique diversifié des interactions biotiques et abiotiques crétacées sur le pourtour du proto-Golfe du Mexique a été préservé au sein de l'imposante plate-forme carbonatée de Cupido, c'est-à-dire dans une séquence sédimentaire qui correspond à une période de dépôt d'une durée approximative de 15 Ma. Ce travail met en exergue la variation latérale des faciès récifaux sur le flanc long (faiblement pentu) d'un nouvel affleurement monoclinal correspondant à la partie supérieure de la Formation Cupido dans l'état de Nuevo León, Mexique. Le transect étudié est corrélé avec la colonne stratigraphique établie dans une coupe proche. Le biote fossile préservé correspond aux faciès de bordure du récif où abondent les coquilles de rudistes, tels que Douvillelia skeltoni, Toucasia sp., Offneria sp. et Amphitrocoelus sp., ces derniers y étant associés à des colonies relativement grosses (avec des diamètres atteignant jusqu'à 25 cm) de coraux tels que Stelidioseris sp. et, dans une moindre mesure, avec des stromatoporoïdés. Les foraminifères benthiques (miliolidés et textularidés), en association avec des algues dasycladales telles que Salpingorella sp. and Terquemella spp., dominent le contenu microfossilifère des wackestones à packstones. Ce faciès est surmonté à la partie sommitale de la coupe étudiée par un mince horizon stromatolithique (15-30 cm). Cette localité offre une nouvelle fenêtre paléobiologique et taphonomique au sein de l'un des plus vastes systèmes de plates-formes carbonatées développées sur le pourtour du Golfe du Mexique au cours du Crétacé

Operability and selectivity of beach seine in the artisanal fishing, Lambayeque Region

artesanal de la Región Lambayeque, se estudió en tres salidas de campo, en 12 zonas de pesca. En 19 lances de pesca, se capturó en total 12.606 kg de peces e invertebrados. El bagre (Galeichthys peruvianus) fue la especie dominante con una captura total de 10.546 kg (83,6%). La captura fue mayor en el copo (89,63%) que en las alas (9,82%) y sobrecopo (0,53%). El descarte de la captura total fue 250 kg de ejemplares juveniles. El uso de malla cuadrada en el copo evidenció alta selectividad sobre especies fusiformes y, baja selectividad sobre los de cuerpo lateralmente comprimido y alto, por lo que no se recomienda su uso en este arte de pesca

Actividad antifúngica in vitro de Sapranthus microcarpus (Annonaceae) contra hongos fitopatógenos

Background and Aims: The phytochemistry study of Annonaceae has intensified in the last decades due to the discovery of secondary metabolites with antimicrobial activities. The inhibitory activities of extracts and compounds from these species for phytopathogens are less known. The antifungal activity of Sapranthus microcarpus was determined in vitro against six fungal pathogens of important crops.Methods: Hexane, methanol, and alkaloid extracts of the leaves and root and stem bark of S. microcarpus were evaluated to determine whether they could inhibit the mycelial growth of the phytopathogens. The combined activity of the most active extracts for each phytopathogen was also determined. The alkaloid liriodenine was isolated and identified as an antifungal principle.Key results: All extracts inhibited the growth of the six phytopathogens to some extent. The root bark alkaloid extract showed the highest activity. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and Curvularia lunata were the most sensitive phytopathogens. Liriodenine was active against all the plant pathogens (minimum inhibitory concentrations of 125-500 nmol ml-1).Conclusions: Sapranthus microcarpus is a native natural resource with great phytochemical potential.Antecedentes y Objetivos: El estudio de la fitoquímica de Annonaceae se ha intensificado en las últimas décadas debido al descubrimiento de metabolitos secundarios con actividades antimicrobianas. Las actividades inhibidoras de extractos y compuestos de estas especies para fitopatógenos son menos conocidas. Se determinó la actividad antifúngica in vitro de Sapranthus microcarpus contra seis hongos fitopatógenos de cultivos importantes.Métodos: Se evaluaron extractos metanólicos, hexánicos y alcaloidales de las hojas, y corteza de tallos y raíces de S. microcarpus por el método de inhibición micelial. También se determinó la actividad combinada de los extractos más potentes contra cada fitopatógeno. Se aisló e identificó al alcaloide liriodenina como uno de los metabolitos antifúngicos.Resultados clave: Todos los extractos, en alguna medida, inhibieron el crecimiento de los seis fitopatógenos. Los extractos alcaloidales mostraron la mayor actividad. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici y Curvularia lunata fueron los fitopatógenos más sensibles. Liriodenina fue activo contra todos los fitopatógenos (a concentraciones inhibitorias mínimas de 125-500 nmol ml-1).Conclusiones: Sapranthus microcarpus es un recurso nativo con alto potencial fitoquímico