Management services handbook: the accountant\u27s contribution to planning, systems, and controls

https://egrove.olemiss.edu/aicpa_guides/1633/thumbnail.jp

Record filing in accounting offices; Management of an accounting practice bulletin, MAP 23

https://egrove.olemiss.edu/aicpa_news/1250/thumbnail.jp

Planning for the future of an accounting practice; Management of an accounting practice bulletin, MAP 24

https://egrove.olemiss.edu/aicpa_news/1251/thumbnail.jp

Preparing the partnership agreement; Management of an accounting practice bulletin, MAP 26

https://egrove.olemiss.edu/aicpa_news/1253/thumbnail.jp

Management information systems for the smaller business: staff study; Management advisory Services technical study, no. 8

https://egrove.olemiss.edu/aicpa_guides/1173/thumbnail.jp

Management information systems for the smaller business: staff study; Management Services technical study, no. 8

https://egrove.olemiss.edu/aicpa_guides/1172/thumbnail.jp

Analysis for purchasing and financing productive equipment: staff study.; Management Services technical study, no. 4

https://egrove.olemiss.edu/aicpa_guides/1168/thumbnail.jp

VEGF and the Fab fragment of a humanized neutralizing antibody: crystal structure of the complex at 2.4 å resolution and mutational analysis of the interface

AbstractBackground: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a highly specific angiogenic growth factor; anti-angiogenic treatment through inhibition of receptor activation by VEGF might have important therapeutic applications in diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and cancer. A neutralizing anti-VEGF antibody shown to suppress tumor growth in an in vivo murine model has been used as the basis for production of a humanized version.Results: We present the crystal structure of the complex between VEGF and the Fab fragment of this humanized antibody, as well as a comprehensive alanine-scanning analysis of the contact residues on both sides of the interface. Although the VEGF residues critical for antibody binding are distinct from those important for high-affinity receptor binding, they occupy a common region on VEGF, demonstrating that the neutralizing effect of antibody binding results from steric blocking of VEGF–receptor interactions. Of the residues buried in the VEGF–Fab interface, only a small number are critical for high-affinity binding; the essential VEGF residues interact with those of the Fab fragment, generating a remarkable functional complementarity at the interface.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the character of antigen–antibody interfaces is similar to that of other protein–protein interfaces, such as ligand–receptor interactions; in the case of VEGF, the principal difference is that the residues essential for binding to the Fab fragment are concentrated in one continuous segment of polypeptide chain, whereas those essential for binding to the receptor are distributed over four different segments and span across the dimer interface

Working memory development in children with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities

Background: The purpose of the current cross-sectional study was to examine the developmental progression in working memory (WM) between the ages of 9 and 16 years in a large sample of children with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities (MBID). Baddeley’s influential WM model was used as a theoretical framework. Furthermore, the relations between working memory on the one hand, and scholastic skills (arithmetic and reading) on the other were examined. Method: One-hundred-and-ninety-seven children with MBID between 9 and 16 years old participated in this study. All children completed several tests measuring short-term memory, working memory, inhibition, arithmetic and single word reading. Results: WM, visuo-spatial short-term memory and inhibition continued to develop until around age 15 years. However verbal short-term memory showed no further developmental increases after the age of 10 years. Verbal short-term memory was associated with single word reading, whereas inhibition was associated with arithmetic. Discussion: The finding that verbal short-term memory ceases to develop beyond the age of 10 years in children with MBID contrasts with results of studies involving typically developing children, where verbal short-term memory develops until around age 15 years. This relative early developmental plateau might explain why verbal short-term memory is consistently considered weak in children with MBID