9,285 research outputs found
Health of Philippine Emigrants Study (HoPES): study design and rationale.
BackgroundImmigrants to the United States are usually healthier than their U.S.-born counterparts, yet the health of immigrants declines with duration of stay in the U.S. This pattern is often seen for numerous health problems such as obesity, and is usually attributed to acculturation (the adoption of "American" behaviors and norms). However, an alternative explanation is secular trends, given that rates of obesity have been rising globally. Few studies of immigrants are designed to distinguish the effects of acculturation versus secular trends, in part because most studies of immigrants are cross-sectional, lack baseline data prior to migration, and do not have a comparison group of non-migrants in the country of origin. This paper describes the Health of Philippine Emigrants Study (HoPES), a study designed to address many of these limitations.MethodsHoPES is a dual-cohort, longitudinal, transnational study. The first cohort consisted of Filipinos migrating to the United States (n = 832). The second cohort consisted of non-migrant Filipinos who planned to remain in the Philippines (n = 805). Baseline data were collected from both cohorts in 2017 in the Philippines, with follow-up data collection planned over 3 years in either the U.S. for the migrant cohort or the Philippines for the non-migrant cohort. At baseline, interviewers administered semi-structured questionnaires that assessed demographic characteristics, diet, physical activity, stress, and immigration experiences. Interviewers also measured weight, height, waist and hip circumferences, blood pressure, and collected dried blood spot samples.DiscussionMigrants enrolled in the study appear to be representative of recent Filipino migrants to the U.S. Additionally, migrant and non-migrant study participants are comparable on several characteristics that we attempted to balance at baseline, including age, gender, and education. HoPES is a unique study that approximates a natural experiment from which to study the effects of immigration on obesity and other health problems. A number of innovative methodological strategies were pursued to expand the boundaries of current immigrant health research. Key to accomplishing this research was investment in building collaborative relationships with stakeholders across the U.S. and the Philippines with shared interest in the health of migrants
Why is it difficult to implement e-health initiatives? A qualitative study
<b>Background</b> The use of information and communication technologies in healthcare is seen as essential for high quality and cost-effective healthcare. However, implementation of e-health initiatives has often been problematic, with many failing to demonstrate predicted benefits. This study aimed to explore and understand the experiences of implementers - the senior managers and other staff charged with implementing e-health initiatives and their assessment of factors which promote or inhibit the successful implementation, embedding, and integration of e-health initiatives.<p></p>
<b>Methods</b> We used a case study methodology, using semi-structured interviews with implementers for data collection. Case studies were selected to provide a range of healthcare contexts (primary, secondary, community care), e-health initiatives, and degrees of normalization. The initiatives studied were Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) in secondary care, a Community Nurse Information System (CNIS) in community care, and Choose and Book (C&B) across the primary-secondary care interface. Implementers were selected to provide a range of seniority, including chief executive officers, middle managers, and staff with 'on the ground' experience. Interview data were analyzed using a framework derived from Normalization Process Theory (NPT).<p></p>
<b>Results</b> Twenty-three interviews were completed across the three case studies. There were wide differences in experiences of implementation and embedding across these case studies; these differences were well explained by collective action components of NPT. New technology was most likely to 'normalize' where implementers perceived that it had a positive impact on interactions between professionals and patients and between different professional groups, and fit well with the organisational goals and skill sets of existing staff. However, where implementers perceived problems in one or more of these areas, they also perceived a lower level of normalization.<p></p>
<b>Conclusions</b> Implementers had rich understandings of barriers and facilitators to successful implementation of e-health initiatives, and their views should continue to be sought in future research. NPT can be used to explain observed variations in implementation processes, and may be useful in drawing planners' attention to potential problems with a view to addressing them during implementation planning
An Atlas of Warm AGN and Starbursts from the IRAS Deep Fields
We present 180 AGN candidates based on color selection from the IRAS
slow-scan deep observations, with color criteria broadened from the initial
Point-Source Catalog samples to include similar objects with redshifts up to
z=1 and allowing for two-band detections. Spectroscopic identifications have
been obtained for 80 (44%); some additional ones are secure based on radio
detections or optical morphology, although yet unobserved spectroscopically.
These spectroscopic identifications include 13 Sy 1 galaxies, 17 Sy 2 Seyferts,
29 starbursts, 7 LINER systems, and 13 emission-line galaxies so heavily
reddened as to remain of ambiguous classification. The optical magnitudes range
from R=12.0-20.5; counts suggest that incompleteness is important fainter than
R=15.5. Redshifts extend to z=0.51, with a significant part of the sample at
z>0.2. The sample includes slightly more AGN than star-forming systems among
those where the spectra contain enough diagnostic feature to make the
distinction. The active nuclei include several broad-line objects with strong
Fe II emission, and composite objects with the absorption-line signatures of
fading starbursts. These AGN with warm far-IR colors have little overlap with
the "red AGN" identified with 2MASS; only a single Sy 1 was detected by 2MASS
with J-K > 2. Some reliable IRAS detections have either very faint optical
counterparts or only absorption-line galaxies, potentially being deeply
obscured AGN. The IRAS detections include a newly identified symbiotic star,
and several possible examples of the "Vega phenomenon", including dwarfs as
cool as type K. Appendices detail these candidate stars, and the
optical-identification content of a particularly deep set of high-latitude IRAS
scans (probing the limits of optical identification from IRAS data alone).Comment: ApJ Suppl, in press. Figures converted to JPEG/GIF for better
compression; PDF with full-resolution figures available before publication at
http://www.astr.ua.edu/keel/aoagn.pd
Dissipationless Collapse of Spherical Protogalaxies and the Fundamental Plane
Following on from the numerical work of Capelato, de Carvalho & Carlberg
(1995, 1997), where dissipationless merger simulations were shown to reproduce
the "Fundamental Plane" (FP) of elliptical galaxies, we investigate whether the
end products of pure, spherically symmetric, one-component dissipationless {\it
collapses} could also reproduce the FP. Past numerical work on collisionless
collapses have addressed important issues on the dynamical/structural
characteristics of collapsed equilibrium systems. However, the study of
collisionless collapse in the context of the nature of the FP has not been
satisfactorily addressed yet. Our aim in this paper is to focus our attention
on the resulting collapse of simple one-component spherical models with a range
of different initial virial coefficients. We find that the characteristic
correlations of the models are compatible with virialized, centrally homologous
systems. Our results strengthen the idea that merging may be a fundamental
ingredient in forming non-homologous objects.Comment: 9 pages, 4 Postscript figures, Astronomy & Astrophysics in press
(2002). Abstract placement correcte
Kinematics of Metal-Poor Stars in the Galaxy. III. Formation of the Stellar Halo and Thick Disk as Revealed from a Large Sample of Non-Kinematically Selected Stars
(Abbreviated) We present a detailed analysis of the space motions of 1203
solar-neighborhood stars with metal abundances [Fe/H] <= -0.6, on the basis of
a recently revised and supplemented catalog of metal-poor stars selected
without kinematic bias (Beers et al. 2000). This sample, having available
proper motions, radial velocities, and distance estimates for stars with a wide
range of metal abundances, is by far the largest such catalog to be assembled
to date. Unlike essentially all previous kinematically selected catalogs, the
metal-poor stars in our sample exhibit a diverse distribution of orbital
eccentricities, e, with no apparent correlation between [Fe/H] and e. This
demonstrates, clearly and convincingly, that the evidence offered by Eggen,
Lynden-Bell, and Sandage (1962) for a rapid collapse of the Galaxy, an apparent
correlation between the orbital eccentricity of halo stars with metallicity, is
basically the result of their proper-motion selection bias. However, even in
our non-kinematically selected sample, we have identified a small concentration
of high-e stars at [Fe/H] = -1.7, which may originate, in part, from infalling
gas during the early formation of the Galaxy. The implications of our results
for the formation of the Galaxy are also discussed, in particular in the
context of the currently favored CDM theory of hierarchical galaxy formation.Comment: 51 pages, including 17 figures, to appear in AJ (June 2000), full
paper with all figures embedded available at
http://pluto.mtk.nao.ac.jp/people/chiba/preprint/halo5
Hang out the front door key
Gift of Dr. Mary Jane Esplen.Piano vocal [instrumentation]When Percy Wilson Grey left wifie ev'ry day [first line]Hang out the front door key [first line of chorus]G [key]Allegro moderato [tempo]Popular song [form/genre]Woman at home, man in club, phone, key ; May Vokes (photograph) [illustration]De Takes [engraver]Publisher's advertisement on back cover [note
Produção de biomassa por diferentes cultivares de sorgo sacarino em Votuporanga no Noroeste do Estado de São Paulo.
Produtos alternativos no controle do oídio em mudas de eucalipto.
A silvicultura brasileira tem empregado o eucalipto pela sua adaptabilidade, rápido crescimento e produtividade, além de possuir outras características como a qualidade, diversidade e adequação de sua madeira para a indústria. Para tal, existe a necessidade de uma produção contínua de mudas, as quais podem ser atacadas pelo fungo Oidium sp. O controle do oídio é feito com fungicidas, mesmo não havendo produtos registrados para o eucalipto. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar produtos alternativos (sais e tanino, óleos, extratos de plantas, leite e derivados, e antagonistas) para o controle desta doença comparando os mais promissores com fungicida. Os produtos foram pulverizados em mudas de Eucalyptus benthamii Maiden & Cambage e mantidas em casa-de-vegetação com alto potencial de inóculo de Oidium sp. A severidade da doença foi avaliada por meio de uma escala de notas de 0 (ausência de sintomas) a 4 (sintomas muito severo) e calculada a área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença (AACPD). Verificou-se que, os menores valores de AACPD de oídio foram obtidos com piraclostrobina + epoxiconazol, que controlou 92 % da doença, e os melhores produtos alternativos testados foram o leite de vaca e Lecanicillium sp. que controlaram respectivamente 36,5 % e 33,9 % da doença no ensaio comparativo
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