Contribució a l'estudi de la micoflora de Catalunya : Cladosporium i Alternaria

Entre els treballs que pupliquem sobre fongs sapròfits aïllats a Catalunya, com a contribucio a la creacio d'un cataleg de la flora micològica catalana , incloem el present estudi referent als gèneres Alternaria i Cladosporium. Les espècies del gènere Cladosporium es troben àmpliament distribuïdes a la naturalesa , ja sia parasitant diverses plantes, ja sia corn a merament sapròfites al sòl o a I'aire, on, juntament amb el genere Alternaria, ocupen els primers llocs quant a freqüència. La taxonomia del gènere Alternaria és dificil, principalment a causa de la manca de caracteristiques notables. Les espores no són conidis, sinó tal·lòspores, i fins i tot en un mateix cultiu estan subjectes a àmplies variacions de grandària, format i nombre de septes . Quan els cultius són en medis diferents , s'hi troben diferències encara més grans; les espores tendeixen a ser més grosses en els medis rics que en els pobres, però s'hi produeixen amb menys llibertat. Per a llur classificacio hem fet servir les monografies de DE VRIES (1), ELLIS (2) i JOLY (4).On décrit des souches de diverses espèces saprophytes des genres Alternaria at Cladosporium que nous avons isolées dans nos travaux destinés à caractériser la flore mycologique de la Catalogne. On étudie les espèces suivantes : Alternaria radicine Meier , Drechsler et Eddy , A. tenuissima ( Fries) Wiltshire , A. consortiale (Thüm ) Hughes , A. chartarum Preuss , A. tenuis auctorum , A. saponariae (Peck ) Neergaard , Cladosporium avellaneum de Vries , C. cladosporioides ( Fres .) de Vries, C. cucumerinum Ell. at Arth ., C. herbarum Link ex Fr . C. macrocarpum Preuss, C. sphaerospermum Penzig et C. variabile ( Cke) de Vries

Exploring long-term variability of Nephrops norvegicus population in the Porcupine Bank (SW Ireland)

PresentationNephrops norvegicus is a commercial species of the bottom fisheries in European western waters which yield has long-term variability. Their distribution is linked to suitable habitats of muddy sediment in which adults construct burrows but the influence of environmental factors on the populations was poorly investigated. Variability in the catch per unit effort (CPUE) of Nephrops norvegicus from Porcupine Bank (Southwest of Ireland) was explored using a time series approach. The CPUE time series (1979-2005) exhibited a seasonal pattern. The seasonal decomposition of the CPUE shows a declining trend in the trend and cycle component from 1982 onwards. ARMA univariate and dynamic regression models were fitted to the CPUE time series. Population (proportion of males, proportion of ovigerous females and recruits) and North Atlantic Oscillation index were tested at different lags to investigate possible factors related to the yield fluctuations

Screening premorbid metabolic syndrome in community pharmacies: a cross-sectional descriptive study

Background: Premorbid metabolic syndrome (pre-MetS) is a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors characterised by central obesity, elevated fasting glucose, atherogenic dyslipidaemia and hypertension without established cardiovascular disease or diabetes. Community pharmacies are in an excellent position to develop screening programmes because of their direct contact with the population. The main aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of pre-MetS in people who visited community pharmacies for measurement of any of its five risk factors to detect the presence of other risk factors. The secondary aims were to study the presence of other cardiovascular risk factors and determine patients" cardiovascular risk. Methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive, multicentre study. Patients meeting selection criteria aged between 18 and 65 years who visited participating community pharmacies to check any of five pre-MetS diagnostic factors were included. The study involved 23 community pharmacies in Catalonia (Spain). Detection criteria for pre-MetS were based on the WHO proposal following IDF and AHA/NHBI consensus. Cardiovascular risk (CVR) was calculated by Regicor and Score methods. Other variables studied were smoking habit, physical activity, body mass index (BMI), and pharmacological treatment of dyslipidemia and hypertension. The data were collected and analysed with the SPSS programme. Comparisons of variables were carried out using the Student"s T-test, Chi-Squared test or ANOVA test. Level of significance was 5% (0.05). Results: The overall prevalence of pre-MetS was 21.9% [95% CI 18.7-25.2]. It was more prevalent in men, 25.5% [95% CI 22.1-28.9], than in women, 18.6% [95% CI 15.5-21.7], and distribution increased with age. The most common risk factors were high blood pressure and abdominal obesity. About 70% of people with pre-MetS were sedentary and over 85% had a BMI ≥25 Kg/m2 . Some 22.4% had two metabolic criteria and 27.2% of patients with pre-MetS had no previous diagnosis. Conclusions: The prevalence of pre-MetS in our study (21.9%) was similar to that found in other studies carried out in Primary Care in Spain. The results of this study confirm emergent cardiometabolic risk factors such as hypertension, obesity and physical inactivity. Our study highlights the strategic role of the community pharmacy in the detection of pre-MetS in the apparently healthy population

La participation social comme noyau de l'apprentissage

This paper aims to understand and analyse previous conceptions of prospective and in-service teachers, who are currently carryng out different kinds of educational activities at the University of Alicante, as an initial step in the implementation of methodology strategies based on social constructivism. The previous thoughts and conceptions analysed refer to basic concepts related to professional activity, such as knowledge and learning. This research is situated in the framework of a model based on the social construction of knowledge through the processes of enculturation, research into practice and situated learning.En este artículo se analiza una investigación cuya intención primera ha sido conocer y revisar los marcos conceptuales previos de educadores en prospectiva y profesores en ejercicio, que actualmente realizan diversos tipos de acciones formativas de segundo y tercer ciclo en la Universidad de Alicante, como paso previo a la implementación de estrategias metodológicas nucleadas en la participación social. Los pensamientos previos y concepciones analizadas se refieren a conceptos básicos para la práctica profesional, como son el conocimiento y el aprendizaje. Esta investigación se sitúa en el marco de una teoría andamio centrada en la construcción social del conocimiento, a través de procesos de enculturación, investigación sobre la práctica, y aprendizaje situado.Dans cet article nous analysons une recherche dont l'intention première a été de connaître et réviser les cadres conceptuels préalables des futurs enseignants et des professeurs en exercise, qui accomplissent, à l'heure actuelle, une série d'actions formatives de second et troisième cycle, en suivant des modèles divers, a l'Université d'Alicante; il ságit d'une première démarche en ce qui concerne la mise en oeuvre de la consonance directe des stratégies méthodologiques nucléaires autour de la participation social. Les pensées préalables et les conceptions analysées font référence aux concepts fondamentaux relatifs à la practique professionnelle, tels que la coinassance et l'apprentissage. Cette recherche se situe dans le cadre d'une théorie d'emboîtement qui vise la construction sociale des connaissances, moyennant toute une série de processus d'acculturation, de recherche concernant la practique et d'apprentissage déterminé

Biology and population parameters of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) under laboratory conditions

ABSTRACT: The aim of this work was to determine the temperature effect on Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) biological development. Its biological and population parameters were evaluated on the Cuban tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivar Vyta at temperatures of 25±1 o C and 20/30±1 o C under controlled conditions. The duration (in days) of the egg, larval and pupal stages and reproductive periods, as well as the sex ratio, the viability of eggs and pupae (in per cent), total fecundity/female and longevity obtained at different temperature regimens were compared between treatments by ANOVA with Mann-Whitney test (p<0.05). The larval survival (in per cent) was compared between treatments by ANOVA with Bonferroni test (p<0.05).Only the egg stage and the pre-oviposition period were longer with 20/30 o C (p <.0001). Viability of the pupae was higher at (25 o C) (p=0.0121).The larval survival was affected negatively with 32.14 and 20% at 25 o C and 20/30 o C, respectively (p=0.0206). The survival curves for larvae and female adults in both conditions were of type II. The survival of females subjected to (20/30 o C) was three days longer, but without significant differences between treatments. The total fecundity/female and longevity were not affected. The specific fecundity (m x ) in both temperatures was more stable in a range of 0.8-1.0 until the 10 days of age. The population growth parameters of T. absoluta R o , T, r m , TD and (λ) were 9. 36, 8.90, 5.52, 5.75, 0.02, 0.01, 34.64, 117.01, and 1.02, 1.01 at 25 o C and 20/30 o C, respectively. The biological and population parameters of T. absoluta on the tomato Vyta cultivar were influenced by the temperature in the test, and, as a consequence, the development of the pest was limited under the laboratory conditions. In addition, indications of Vyta as a possible resistant cultivar versus the pest were shown under the temperature regimen studied. Key words: leaf miner, host plant resistant, Solanum lycopersicum. Biología y parámetros poblacionales de Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) bajo condiciones de laboratorio RESUMEN: El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar el efecto de la temperatura sobre el desarrollo biológico de Tuta absoluta (Meyrick). Los parámetros biológicos y poblacionales fueron evaluados a temperaturas de 25±1 o C y 20/30±1 o C sobre el cultivar de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Vyta en condiciones controladas. La duración (en días) de las fases de huevo, larva, pupa y períodos reproductivos, así como razón sexual, viabilidad de los huevos y pupas (en por ciento), fecundidad total/hembra y la longevidad obtenida en los diferentes regímenes de temperatura por ANOVA con prueba de Mann-Whitney (p<0.05), se compararon entre tratamientos. La supervivencia larval (en por ciento) se comparó entre los tratamientos por ANOVA, con una prueba de Bonferroni (p<0.05). Solo la fase de huevo y el periodo de pre-oviposición fueron más Palabras clave: minador de hojas, resistencia de planta hospedante, Solanum lycopersicum

Análisis de herramientas de reconocimiento automático del habla en la realización de subtítulos en inglés

En l'actualitat, arriben a les nostres pantalles una gran quantitat de productes audiovisuals. Per a poder gaudir d'ells amb subtítols en versió original o traduïts, els traductors i subtituladors professionals han de transcriure l'àudio manualment i dividir-lo en subtítols d'accord amb unes normes de qualitat i estil que depenen de la plataforma VBD que utilitzem. No obstant això, les necessitats del mercat fan que els terminis de lliurament siguin cada vegada més curts. Tanmateix, la tecnologia avança a una velocitat tan ràpida que avui dia trobem eines que transciuen i subtitulen vídeos automàticament amb sistemes de reconeixement de la parla. Per aquest motiu, en aquest Traball de Fi de Màster analitzem vint exemples extrets dels resultats de quatre eines de transcripció i subtitulació automàtiques: Flixier, Happy Scribe, Sonix.ai i Wave. L'objectiu és determinar quina d'elles ofereix millors serveis i quines són les característiques necessàries perquè els professionals comencin a incorporar-les en el seu flux de treball.En la actualidad, llegan a nuestras pantallas una gran cantidad de productos audiovisuales. Para poder disfrutar de ellos con subtítulos en versión original o traducidos, los traductores y subtituladores profesionales tienen que transcribir el audio manualmente y dividirlo en subtítulos de acuerdo con unas normas de calidad y estilo que dependen de la plataforma de VBD que utilicemos. Sin embargo, las necesidades del mercado hacen que los plazos de entrega sean cada vez más cortos. No obstante, la tecnología avanza a una velocidad tan rápida que hoy en día encontramos herramientas que transcriben y subtitulan vídeos automáticamente con sistemas de reconocimiento del habla. Por este motivo, en este Trabajo de Fin de Máster analizamos veinte ejemplos extraídos de los resultados de cuatro herramientas de transcripción y subtitulación automáticas: Flixier, Happy Scribe, Sonix.ai y Wave. El objetivo es determinar cuál de ellas ofrece mejores servicios y cuáles son las características necesarias para que los profesionales empiecen a incorporarlas en su flujo de trabajo.Nowadays, numerous audio-visual products arrive on our screens. To be able to enjoy them either in their original or translated version, professional translators and subtitlers must manually transcribe audios and divide the text into subtitles, following quality and style rules that are different depending on the VOD platform we use. However, due to the market's necessities, the deadlines are getting tighter. Nonetheless, technology improves by the hour, and today we find tools that, thanks to automatic speech recognition, can create automatic transcriptions and subtitles. For this reason, in this Master's thesis w

TPEA PROJECT: MARITIME SPATIAL PLANNING IN THE GULF OF CADIZ

Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP) is coming to prominence as a new approach to the governance of the seas and oceans. It is taking on international importance as maritime nations exert greater control over their territorial waters and, in many cases, over much more extensive exclusive economic zones (Jay, 2010; Schaefer & Barale, 2011). This is in the interests of reversing the environmental degradation of the seas and facilitating the sustainable use of marine resources, both for traditional uses, such as fishing and navigation, and newer uses, such as renewable energy and mariculture (Douvere, 2008). MSP is being encouraged worldwide by inter-governmental bodies, NGOs, stakeholder organisations and marine scientists and managers (Agardy, 2010; De Santo, 2011; HELCOM & OSPAR, 2003), and a growing number of nations are drawing up spatial plans to regulate the use of their marine territories, in a way analogous to land-use planning

Larva migrans cutánea a propósito de un caso

Introducción: La Larva migrans cutánea (LMC) es una enfermedad muy común en regiones tropicales, por lo que Cuba no está exenta de este tipo de infestación. Objetivo: Relatar un caso de Larva migrans cutánea en un recién nacido de 18 días, visto durante estancia en Mozambique. Presentación del Caso: Se presenta el caso de un recién nacido de 18 días, quien ingresa en el Servicio Infeccioso del Hospital Central de Beira, Provincia de Mozambique, con el posible diagnóstico de Meningoencefalitis y al que se le encuentra al examen físico lesiones eritematosas de trayecto lineal tortuosas a nivel de la región pre auricular, tórax y región glútea derecha, después de descartar otras entidades nosológicas. Conclusiones: Se trata de una Larva migrans cutánea para lo que se impone tratamiento con cloruro de etilo y tiabendazol local. Presentó una evolución satisfactoria.Palabras clave: larva migrans cutánea, erupción serpiginosa, tiabendazol.</p