2,033 research outputs found
Standard of care and guidelines in prevention and diagnosis of venous thromboembolism: medico-legal implications
Concerning recent Italian laws and jurisprudential statements, guidelines application involves several difficulties in clinical practice, regarding prevention, diagnosis and therapy of venous thromboembolism. International scientific community systematically developed statements about this disease in order to optimize the available resources in prophylaxis, diagnosis and therapy. Incongruous prevention, missed or delayed diagnosis and/or inadequate treatment of this disease can frequently give rise to medico-legal litigation
Perinatal asphyxia and medical professional liability: A case series
Abstract In the context of medical professional liability, obstetrics is one of the most involved medical specialties because the unfavorable outcome of a pregnancy is difficult to accept for parents, who tend to reduce it to inappropriate care that occurred during pregnancy or birth. 32 cases of perinatal asphyxia were evaluated by the Institute of Forensic Medicine in Brescia during the period between 1999 and 2014 (13 in Civil Court and 19 in Penal Court). 9 out of the 32 pregnancies were twins, so the considerations were carried out on a total of 41 fetuses/newborns. Profiles of inadequacy were identified in 66% of cases (85% of the cases evaluated in Civil Court; 53% of the cases evaluated in Penal Court). The existence of a causal relationship between the medical conduct and the onset of asphyxia was recognized in 79% of civil cases and in 38% of penal cases. There is a "greater rigor" in the verification of causal relationship and malpractice profiles in penal cases compared to civil ones: this is in harmony with the most recent Italian Court decisions, characterized by compelling suspect's protection in the presence of a reasonable doubt in criminal matters and by victim's protection in civil ones
METODOLOGÍAS INTEGRADAS PARA UNA NUEVA PROPUESTA RECONSTRUCTIVA DEL ANFITEATRO DE CATANIA
[EN] The roman amphitheatre of Catania stands in a very complex and interesting area where settlement dynamics and
transformations have profoundly marked its urban landscape. Over the centuries, the urban and architectural histories
together with the formation of the archaeological deposits have led to the complete obliteration of the monument and
restricted knowledge of its plan and architectural development. Therefore, it constitutes an interesting context in which to
experiment methods and techniques for architectural representation and the three-dimensional reconstruction of the
monument[ES] El anfiteatro romano de Catania se encuentra en una zona compleja e interesante donde la dinámica de asentamiento y
transformaciones han marcado profundamente su paisaje urbano. A través de los siglos, las historias urbanas y
arquitectónicas, junto con la formación de los depósitos arqueológicos han dado lugar a la destrucción completa del
monumento y el conocimiento de su plan de desarrollo arquitectónico. Por lo tanto, constituye un contexto interesante en
el que experimentar métodos y técnicas para la representación de la arquitectura y la reconstrucción tridimensional del
monumento.Malfitana, D.; Gabellone, F.; Leucci, G.; Cacciaguerra, G.; Ferrari, I.; Giuri, F.; De Giorgi, L.... (2016). INTEGRATED METHODOLOGIES FOR A NEW RECONSTRUCTIVE PROPOSAL OF THE AMPHITHEATRE OF CATANIA. En 8th International congress on archaeology, computer graphics, cultural heritage and innovation. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 146-154. https://doi.org/10.4995/arqueologica8.2015.3555OCS14615
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Beyond aerodigestion: exaptation of feeding-related mouth movements for social communication in human and non-human primates
Three arguments are advanced from human and non-human primate infancy research for the exaptation of ingestive mouth movements (tongue-protrusion and lip-smacking) for the purposes of social communication: Their relation to affiliative behaviours; their sensitivity to social context; and their role in social development. Although these behaviours may have an aerodigestive function, such an account of their occurrence is only partial
Similarities and differences in the functional architecture of mother-infant communication in rhesus macaque and British mother-infant dyads
Similarly to humans, rhesus macaques engage in mother-infant face-to-face interactions. However, no previous studies have described the naturally occurring structure and development of mother-infant interactions in this population and used a comparative-developmental perspective to directly compare them to the ones reported in humans. Here, we investigate the development of infant communication, and maternal responsiveness in the two groups. We video-recorded mother-infant interactions in both groups in naturalistic settings and analysed them with the same micro-analytic coding scheme. Results show that infant social expressiveness and maternal responsiveness are similarly structured in humans and macaques. Both human and macaque mothers use specific mirroring responses to specific infant social behaviours (modified mirroring to communicative signals, enriched mirroring to affiliative gestures). However, important differences were identified in the development of infant social expressiveness, and in forms of maternal responsiveness, with vocal responses and marking behaviours being predominantly human. Results indicate a common functional architecture of mother-infant communication in humans and monkeys, and contribute to theories concerning the evolution of specific traits of human behaviour
Analysis of the Mechanical Characteristics of Human Pancreas through Indentation: Preliminary In Vitro Results on Surgical Samples
: Pancreatic surgery is extremely challenging and demands an extended learning curve to be executed with a low incidence of post-operative complications. The soft consistency of the human pancreas poses a primary challenge for pancreatic surgeons. This study aimed to analyze the preliminary mechanical characteristics of the human pancreas to develop a realistic synthetic phantom for surgical simulations in the near future. Pancreatic specimens, comprehensive of the pancreatic parenchyma and main pancreatic duct, were collected during pancreatic resections and analyzed through nano-bio-indentation (BioindenterTM UNHT3 Bio, Anton Paar GmbH, Graz, Austria) to measure the elastic modulus. Comparisons were made between slow and fast loading rates, immediate and post-freezing analyses, and multipoint indentations. The results demonstrated that a slow loading rate (30 μN/min), immediate analysis, and multipoint measurements are crucial for obtaining accurate values of the elastic modulus of the human pancreas (1.40 ± 0.47 kPa). In particular, the study revealed that analysis after freezing could impact the outcomes of the indentation. Moreover, the study suggested that both the pancreatic parenchyma and the main pancreatic duct should be analyzed to achieve a more precise and comprehensive definition of the. mechanical features of the pancreas. These preliminary findings represent the initial steps toward defining the consistency and mechanical characteristics of human pancreatic tissue with the goal of creating a realistic synthetic phantom
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