The intrinsic three-dimensional shape of galactic bars

We present the first statistical study on the intrinsic three-dimensional (3D) shape of a sample of 83 galactic bars extracted from the CALIFA survey. We use the galaXYZ code to derive the bar intrinsic shape with a statistical approach. The method uses only the geometric information (ellipticities and position angles) of bars and discs obtained from a multi-component photometric decomposition of the galaxy surface-brightness distributions. We find that bars are predominantly prolate-triaxial ellipsoids (68%), with a small fraction of oblate-triaxial ellipsoids (32%). The typical flattening (intrinsic C/A semiaxis ratio) of the bars in our sample is 0.34, which matches well the typical intrinsic flattening of stellar discs at these galaxy masses. We demonstrate that, for prolate-triaxial bars, the intrinsic shape of bars depends on the galaxy Hubble type and stellar mass (bars in massive S0 galaxies are thicker and more circular than those in less massive spirals). The bar intrinsic shape correlates with bulge, disc, and bar parameters. In particular with the bulge-to-total (B/T) luminosity ratio, disc g-r color, and central surface brightness of the bar, confirming the tight link between bars and their host galaxies. Combining the probability distributions of the intrinsic shape of bulges and bars in our sample we show that 52% (16%) of bulges are thicker (flatter) than the surrounding bar at 1$\sigma$ level. We suggest that these percentages might be representative of the fraction of classical and disc-like bulges in our sample, respectively.Comment: 18 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA

Diseño del sistema de gestión de calidad basado en la ntc iso 9001: 2015 en la empresa smartrack group s.a.s de la ciudad de Cúcuta

En la actualidad las empresas expresan comprender la necesidad e importancia del enfoque basado en procesos, pero no todas actúan al respecto, lo que significa que es insuficiente la conciencia de la necesidad del cambio hacia un modelo de gestión basado en resultados de valor. Las empresas colombianas en su afán de sostenerse han tomado en cuenta la importancia de diseñar e implementar un sistema de gestión que le garantice ser una compañía competitiva, comprometida a brindar un mejor servicio, el bienestar de sus trabajadores y el cumplimiento de la legislación en lo que respecta a las normas; por tanto, la realización de un diseño y su posterior implementación se hace indispensable

Comparison of the moments of the X(max) distribution predicted by different cosmic ray shower simulation models

In this paper we study the depth at which a cosmic ray shower reaches its maximum (Xmax) as predicted by Monte Carlo simulation. The use of Xmax in the determination of the primary particle mass can only be done by comparing the measured values with simulation predictions. For this reason it is important to study the differences between the available simulation models. We have done a study of the first and second moments of the X max distribution using the Corsika and Conex programs. The study was done with high statistics in the energy range from 1017 to 10 20.4 eV. We focus our analysis in the different implementations of the hadronic interaction models Sibyll2.1 and QGSJetII in Corsika and Conex. We show that the predictions of the «Xmax» and RMS(X max) depend slightly on the combination of simulation program and hadronic interaction model. Although these differences are small, they are not negligible in some cases (up to 5 g/cm2 for the worse case) and they should be considered as a systematic uncertainty of the model predictions for «Xmax» and RMS(Xmax). We have included a table with the suggested systematic uncertainties for the model predictions. Finally, we present a parametrization of the Xmax distribution as a function of mass and energy according to the models Sibyll2.1 and QGSJetII, and showed an example of its application to obtain the predicted Xmax distributions from cosmic ray propagation models. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Carlos Jose Todero Peixoto, Vitor de Souza, Jose Alfredo Bellid

ECO-ROUTING: MORE GREEN DRIVERS MEANS MORE BENEFITS?

[EN] Information and Communications Technology (ICT)/Information and Technology Services (ITS) can play an important role in the transport sector, helping in maintaining accessibility and contemporarily optimizing the use of the vehicles. Among these ICT measures, ecorouting seems a promising one. Drivers normally follow the route which minimizes their generalized costs, normally time and money. But environmental concern is increasing, and drivers are starting to think about the effects of their driving. This means including CO2 emissions or fuel consumption in their route choice. But is this always positive, independently of the traffic situation and the penetration level of green drivers? This articles aims to analyze what happens in terms of fuel consumption, CO2 emissions and travel time, when different penetration levels of drivers, and with different traffic situations, follow the route of minimum fuel consumption instead of the conventional generalized costs. The analysis is based on a modelling process using a transport model of the whole region of Madrid. A total of 18 scenarios are considered: 3 reference scenarios (for congested, medium and low flow traffic situations), and 5 different penetration levels of green drivers for each traffic situation. Results show how impact varies substantially with the level of traffic and, also, that the more the best is not always trueValdés Serrano, C.; Perez Prada, F.; Monzon De Caceres, A. (2016). ECO-ROUTING: MORE GREEN DRIVERS MEANS MORE BENEFITS?. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 1261-1268. https://doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2015.3250OCS1261126

The inner environment of Z~CMa: High-Contrast Imaging Polarimetry with NaCo

Context. Z\,CMa is a binary composed of an embedded Herbig Be and an FU Ori class star separated by $\sim100$ au. Observational evidence indicate a complex environment in which each star has a circumstellar disk and drives a jet, and the whole system is embedded in a large dusty envelope. Aims. We aim to probe the circumbinary environment of Z\,CMa in the inner 400 au in scattered light. Methods. We use high contrast imaging polarimetry with VLT/NaCo at $H$ and $K_s$ bands. Results. The central binary is resolved in both bands. The polarized images show three bright and complex structures: a common dust envelope, a sharp extended feature previously reported in direct light, and an intriguing bright clump located 0\farcs3 south of the binary, which appears spatially connected to the sharp extended feature. Conclusions.We detect orbital motion when compared to previous observations, and report a new outburst driven by the Herbig star. Our observations reveal the complex inner environment of Z\,CMa with unprecedented detail and contrast.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A Letter

A note on brane tension and M-theory

We point out that some M-theory results for brane tension can be derived from Polchinski's formula for D-brane tension. We also argue that this formula determines gravitational and gauge couplings in the low energy but quantum exact effective action.Comment: 9 pages, Latex. Appendix on the resolution of an apparent conflict with the M theory quantization result of Duff et al added. Final version to be published in Phys. Lett.

El cavallero de Avila, por la Santa Madre Teresa de Iesus ... : pohema heroico

Copia digital. Valladolid : Junta de Castilla y León. Consejería de Cultura y Turismo, 2009-2010Hay diferentes estados de esta ed.Sign.: [ ]\p4\s, [calderón]\p4\s, a\p4\s, A-Z\p8\s, 2A-2K\p8\sErratas en paginación a partir de la p. 377Port. con esc. xil.Il. xil., representando a Santa Teresa de Jesús, en p. [24] v. y a Cristo en la Cruz, en p. 377 v.Contienda poetica que propone la Cofradia de la Sangre de Christo ..., comienza en la p. 37

Horta conduzida em escola municipal melhora rendimento dos alunos.

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