Investigation of a New Monte Carlo Method for the Transitional Gas Flow

Abstract. The Direct Simulation Monte Carlo method (DSMC) is well developed for rarefied gas flow in transition flow regime when 0.01<Kn<1. However, such a simulation for a complex 3D vacuum system is still a challenging task because of the huge demand on the memory and long computational time. On the other hand, if Kn>10, the gas flow is free molecular and can be simulated by the Test Particle Monte Carlo method (TPMC) without any problem even for a complex 3D vacuum system. In this paper we will investigate the approach to extend the TPMC to transition flow regime by considering the collision between gas molecules as an interaction between a probe molecule and the gas background. Recently this collision mechanism has been implemented into ProVac3D, a new TPMC simulation program developed by KIT. The preliminary simulation result shows a correct nonlinear increasing of the gas flow. However, there is still a quantitative discrepancy with the experimental data, which means further improvement is needed

Investigation of a New Monte Carlo Method for the Transitional Gas Flow

Abstract. The Direct Simulation Monte Carlo method (DSMC) is well developed for rarefied gas flow in transition flow regime when 0.01<Kn<1. However, such a simulation for a complex 3D vacuum system is still a challenging task because of the huge demand on the memory and long computational time. On the other hand, if Kn>10, the gas flow is free molecular and can be simulated by the Test Particle Monte Carlo method (TPMC) without any problem even for a complex 3D vacuum system. In this paper we will investigate the approach to extend the TPMC to the transition flow regime by considering the collision between gas molecules as an interaction between a probe molecule and the gas background. Recently this collision mechanism has been implemented into ProVac3D, a new TPMC simulation program developed by Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). The preliminary simulation result shows a correct nonlinear increasing of the gas flow. However, there is still a quantitative discrepancy with the experimental data, which means further improvement is needed

Testbed for the Pellet Launching System for JT-60SA

As part of the European contribution to the large size superconducting tokamak project JT-60SA, a new Pellet Launching System (PLS) is designed and built. The aims of the PLS are to provide efficient fuelling to the plasma and to control and mitigate Edge Localised Modes (ELMs). Two pellet sources, one for fuelling pellets, one for pacing pellets, are delivering pellets to a centrifuge launcher. The centrifuge enables precise launch of pellets according to already proven control schemes. Furthermore, this system opens a way towards a test bed for the EU-DEMO fuelling system. The new PLS has to be completed and commissioned first at the IPP Garching pellet lab and then to be shipped to QST Naka site after having demonstrated its performance. This dedicated test bed has been set up, providing suitable vacuum conditions to operate the PLS in similar conditions (except magnetic field and radiation). Maximum hydrogen throughput is about 400 mbar·L/s per pellet source. Safety issues must be considered for hydrogen inventory of pellet sources (∼100 bar·L each). In a first step, the pellet sources will be put on a test vessel providing inherent safety by a huge volume (10 m³) which makes sure that the hydrogen concentration is below 1% under all circumstances. A hydrogen safety survey prior to assembly confirmed the concept to be followed by an assessment after the installation in order to get the required license for operation. The PLS as a whole, for the time being equipped with two pellet sources, is to be certified according to explosion prevention rules (ATEX) as a product to be shipped to Naka site. To obtain this, an appropriate declaration of explosion zones inside the vacuum system and the use of suitable and certified equipment is mandatory. Such, the integration of this system can be planned and assessed on a clear technical and regulatory basis

Electromagnetic form factors of the bound nucleon

We calculate electromagnetic form factors of the proton bound in specified orbits for several closed shell nuclei. The quark structure of the nucleon and the shell structure of the finite nuclei are given by the QMC model. We find that orbital electromagnetic form factors of the bound nucleon deviate significantly from those of the free nucleon.Comment: 12 pages including 4 ps figure

The pre-concept design of the DEMO tritium, matter injection and vacuum systems

In the Pre-Concept Design Phase of EU-DEMO, the work package TFV (Tritium – Matter Injection – Vacuum) has developed a tritium self-sufficient three-loop fuel cycle architecture. Driven by the need to reduce the tritium inventory in the systems to an absolute minimum, this requires the continual recirculation of gases in loops without storage, avoiding hold-ups of tritium in each process stage by giving preference to continuous over batch technologies, and immediate use of tritium extracted from tritium breeding blankets. In order to achieve this goal, a number of novel concepts and technologies had to be found and their principal feasibility to be shown. This paper starts from a functional analysis of the fuel cycle and introduces the results of a technology survey and ranking exercise which provided the prime technology candidates for all system blocks. The main boundary conditions for the TFV systems are described based on which the fuel cycle architecture was developed and the required operational windows of all subsystems were defined. To validate this, various R&D lines were established, selected results of which are reported, together with the key technology developments. Finally, an outlook towards the Concept Design Phase is given

Progress in EU-DEMO in-vessel components integration

In the EU DEMO design (Romanelli, 2012; Federici et al., 2014), due to the large number of complex systems inside the tokamak vessel it is of vital importance to address the in-vessel integration at an early stage in the design process. In the EU DEMO design, after a first phase in which the different systems have been developed independently based on the defined baseline DEMO configuration, an effort has been made to define the interface requirements and to propose the strategies for the mechanical integration of the auxiliary heating and fuelling systems into the Vacuum Vessel and the Breeding Blanket. This work presents the options studied, the engineering solutions proposed, and the issues highlighted for the mechanical in-vessel integration of the DEMO fuelling lines, auxiliaries heating systems, and diagnostics