Actuator participation in a bending mode identification system

A hydraulic actuator designed for a thrust vector control system used as a shaker for a vehicle to determine the bending mode frequencies is described. The actuator is used as the prime mover and the frequency sensor for the flexible vehicle in a test tower. Advantages in using the actuator piston position with respect to a commanded position to obtain the bending mode frequencies are shown

Age of Pre-Neoglacial Cirque Moraines in the Central North American Cordillera

In the western mountains of the United States and Canada are pre-Neoglacial cirque moraines that lie up to about 3 km outside Neoglacial moraines. There is considerable uncertainty as to the ages of the outer moraines and whether or not they are age-equivalent from range to range. The variety of assigned radiocarbon ages found in the literature may be partly due to some authors' use of minimum-limiting dates as near-absolute dates, and use of dates that cannot be definitely related to the deposits in question. With one possible exception, all the dated moraines described in the literature could be as old as the type Temple Lake moraine of Wyoming which has a minimum age of about 11,400 yrs BP based on a recently obtained radiocarbon date. Nearly all paleoecological proxy data from the North American Cordillera, generally derived from continuous sedimentary records, suggest that early Holocene climate was warmer than at present. Global circulation models also suggest an early Holocene thermal maximum in the Cordillera, probably due to Milankovitch forcing. For these reasons a proposal gaining popularity in the literature that widespread "Mesoglaciation" occurred in early Holocene time is premature. We hypothesize that most, if not all, of the moraines in question are correlative and date from Late Pleistocene time.Dans les montagnes de l'ouest des États-Unis et du Canada se trouvent des moraines de cirque qui s'étendent jusqu'à quelque 3 km des moraines néoglaciaires. On connaît mal l'âge de ces moraines externes et on ignore s'il concorde d'une chaîne à l'autre. La grande diversité des âges au radiocarbone que l'on trouve dans la littérature relève probablement en partie du fait que certains auteurs considèrent les dates minimales comme des dates significatives ou exploitent des dates qui ne peuvent pas être parfaitement attribuées aux dépôts étudiés. Toutes les moraines, sauf peut-être l'une d'entre elles, pourraient être aussi vieilles que la moraine de référence de Temple Lake, au Wyoming, dont l'âge minimal est de 11 400 BP selon une datation au radiocarbone récente. Presque toutes les données paléoécologiques indirectes trouvées dans la Cordillère nord-américaine, qui proviennent généralement de séquences sédimentaires, démontrent que le climat au début de l'Holocène était plus chaud que maintenant. Les modèles de circulation générale laissent également croire que la Cordillère a connu un maximum thermique au début de l'Holocène. Pour toutes ces raisons, l'hypothèse selon laquelle une mésoglaciation répandue se serait produite au début de l'Holocène est pour le moins prématurée. Les auteurs croient plutôt que la plus grande partie, sinon toutes les moraines dont il est question ici, sont corrélatives et datent du Pleistocene supérieur.In den westlichen Bergen der Vereinigten Staaten und Kanadas gibt es prâneoglaziale Hochtalmorânen, die sich bis zu ungefàhr 3 km auBerhalb der neoglazialen Morânen beobachten lassen. Es besteht eine betrâchtliche Ungewissheit, was das Alter der âuBeren Morànen betrifft, und ob sie von Stufe zu Stufe gleichaltrig sind oder nicht. Die in Verôffentlichungen vorgefundene Verschiedenheit der Radiokarbondatierungen mag zum Teil darauf zurùckzufùhren zu sein, dass manche Autoren die Minimalgrenzwerte als nahezu absolute Werte benutzen und sich auf Daten stùtzen, die nicht einwandfrei zu den betreffenden Ablagerungen in Beziehung gesetzt werden kônnen. Mit einer môglichen Ausnahme kônnen all in den Verôffentlichungen beschriebenen datierten Morànen so alt sein wie der Typus der Temple-Lake-Moràne von Wyoming, welche ein Minimalalter von ungefàhr 11 400 BP. hat, gestùtzt auf eine neuere Radiokarbondatierung. Fast aile palàoôkologischen Proxy-Datierungen von den nordamerikanischen Kordilleren, die im allgemeinen aus kontinuierlichen Sediment-Aufzeichnungen abgeleitet sind, lassen annehmen, daB das Klima im frùhen Holozàn warmer war als in der Jetztzeit. Globale Zirkulationsmodelle legen auch ein thermisches Maximum in den Kordilleren im frùhen Holozàn nahe, welches wahrscheinlich durch den Milankovitch-Effekt hervorgerufen wurde. Aus ail diesen Grùnden ist eine Interpretation, die in den Verôffentlichungen immer populàrer wird, wohl voreilig, daB im frùhen Holozàn eine ausgedehnte "Mesoglaziation" stattfand. Wir stellen die Hypothèse auf, daB die meisten wenn nicht gar aile betreffenden Morânen zusammenhângen und aus dem spàten Pleistozàn stammen

Late Pleistocene Age of the Type Temple Lake Moraine, Wind River Range, Wyoming, U.S.A.

The type Temple Lake moraine lies about 3 km beyond and roughly 120 m lower than the modern glacier margin and the Gannett Peak (Little Ice Age) moraines deposited in the last few centuries. Because numerous glacial deposits throughout the western United States have been correlated to the Temple Lake moraine its age is important. We retrieved two sediment cores up to six meters long from Rapid Lake, outside the outer type Temple Lake moraine. The 383-413 cm depth dates 11,770 ± 710 yrs (GX-11,772), which we believe reflects the time when silt flux into Rapid Lake was abruptly reduced by the formation of a new sediment trap at Miller Lake as the valley glacier receded from its position at the outer Temple Lake moraine. A radiocarbon date of 11,400 ± 630 yrs BP (GX-12,719) obtained from the lower basin of Temple Lake, inside the inner type Temple Lake moraine, supports this interpretation. Sediments from Miller Lake, inside the outer Temple Lake moraine, that date 8300 ± 475 yrs BP (GX-12,277) are probably well above the bottom of the lake sediment sequence and possibly thousands of years younger than the moraine. We feel that the type Temple Lake moraine dates about 12,000 yrs BP, thus is Late Pleistocene in age. This interpretation is supported by maximum percentages of organic detritus in lake sediments between 10,000 and 8,000 yrs BP, and challenges BEGET's (1983) suggestion that the type Temple Lake moraine is early Holocene in age, a period he calls "Mesogiaciation".La moraine de référence de Temple Lake repose à environ 3 km au-delà (approximativement 120 m plus bas) de la marge glaciaire moderne et des moraines de Gannett Peak (Petit Âge glaciaire) mises en place au cours des derniers siècles. Il est d'autant plus important de connaître l'âge de cette moraine que plusieurs dépôts glaciaires à travers l'ouest des États-Unis lui sont associés. On a recueilli deux carottes de sédiments jusqu'à 6 m de long du Rapid Lake, à l'extérieur de la moraine externe de référence de Temple Lake. La datation de 11 770 ± 710 BP (GX-11,772), enregistrée à 383-413 cm de profondeur, pourrait représenter le moment où le flux limoneux dans le Rapid Lake a grandement été réduit en raison de la formation d'un piège à sédiments au Miller Lake alors que le glacier de vallée se retirait de la moraine externe de Temple Lake. La datation au radiocarbone de 11 400 ± 630 BP (GX-12,719) recueillie dans le bassin inférieur du Temple Lake, à l'intérieur même de la moraine interne, corrobore l'interprétation ci-dessus. Les sédiments du Miller Lake, à l'intérieur de la moraine externe de référence de Temple Lake, qui datent de 8300 ± 475 BP (GX-12,277), se situent probablement bien au-dessus de la base de la séquence de sédiments lacustres et sont vraisemblablement des milliers d'années plus jeunes que la moraine. Les auteurs croient que la moraine de référence de Temple Lake date d'environ 12 000 BP, donc du Pleistocene. La mesure de pourcentages maximaux, entre 10 000 et 8000 BP, de débris organiques dans les sédiments lacustres confirme cette interprétation et permet de rejeter l'hypothèse de BEGET (1983) selon laquelle la moraine de Temple Lake daterait du début de l'Holocène, période qu'il appelle « Mésoglaciation »

RFI mitigation with phase-only adaptive beamforming

Connected radio interferometers are sometimes used in the tied-array mode: signals from antenna elements are coherently added and the sum signal applied to a VLBI backend or pulsar processing machine. Usually there is no computer-controlled amplitude weighting in the existing radio interferometer facilities. Radio frequency interference (RFI) mitigation with phase-only adaptive beamforming is proposed for this mode of observation. Small phase perturbations are introduced in each of the antenna's signal. The values of these perturbations are optimized in such a way that the signal from a radio source of interest is preserved and RFI signals suppressed. An evolutionary programming algorithm is used for this task. Computer simulations, made for both one-dimensional and two-dimensional array set-ups, show considerable suppression of RFI and acceptable changes to the main array beam in the radio source direction.Comment: 7 pages, 11 figure

Surficial geologic map of Mt. Katahdin

Maine Geological Survey, Open-File Map 76-12. Black and white map showing moraines, talus, avalanche areas, and other surficial features of the area around Mt. Katahdin.https://digitalmaine.com/mgs_maps/2177/thumbnail.jp

Gavestinel does not improve outcome after acute intracerebral hemorrhage: an analysis from the GAIN International and GAIN Americas studies

<p><b>Background and Purpose:</b> Glycine Antagonist in Neuroprotection (GAIN) International and GAIN Americas trials were prospectively designed, randomized, placebo-controlled trials of gavestinel, a glycine-site antagonist and putative neuroprotectant drug administered within 6 hours of suspected ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. Both trials reported that gavestinel was ineffective in ischemic stroke. This analysis reports the results in those with primary intracerebral hemorrhage.</p> <p><b>Methods:</b> The primary hypothesis was that gavestinel treatment did not alter outcome, measured at 3 months by the Barthel Index (BI), from acute intracerebral hemorrhage, based on pooled results from both trials. The BI scores were divided into 3 groups: 95 to 100 (independent), 60 to 90 (assisted independence), and 0 to 55 (dependent) or dead.</p> <p><b>Results:</b> In total, 3450 patients were randomized in GAIN International (N=1804) and GAIN Americas (N=1646). Of these, 571 were ultimately identified to have spontaneous intracerebral hematoma on baseline head computerized tomography scan. The difference in distribution of trichotomized BI scores at 3 months between gavestinel and placebo was not statistically significant (P=0.09). Serious adverse events were reported at similar rates in the 2 treatment groups.</p> <p><b>Conclusions:</b> These observations from the combined GAIN International and GAIN Americas trials suggest that gavestinel is not of substantial benefit or harm to patients with primary intracerebral hemorrhage. These findings are similar to results previously reported in patients with ischemic stroke.</p&gt

Edward Thompson's Ethics and Activism 1956–1963: Reflections on the Political Formation of The Making of the English Working Class

As well as a work of history, E. P. Thompson's The Making of the English Class (London: Gollancz, 1963) was written as a strategic intervention in wider political debates of the late 1950s about working class consciousness, identity, agency and organisation, and as a sustained expression and application of ‘socialist humanism’ to historical subjects. This essay situates the book within these debates, moving between The Making and Thompson's writings within the New Left, to show how the characteristic themes of his work—moral choice and agency, the complexities of working-class consciousness and culture, the role of intellectuals and of an ‘organised minority’—were developed through both. This provides us with a richer context for understanding both the moral sensibility that animates the book and key elements of its historiographical standpoint