Evaluation of anemia syndrom in haemophilia

In work risk factors of development of an anemia at patients with a hemophilia are analyzed. The anemia met more often at the heavy form of disease, at persons with A (II) group of blood (40%)

The experience of a minimally invasive retroperitoneoscopic operation on ureter in case of megaureteritis

The study shows the data of reconstructive surgery in case of megaureteritis using a minimally invasive open retroperitoneoscopic operation (RPNS). 16 reconstructive operations have been made in the urology clinic of The Ural State Medical Academy of Roszdrav since 2005. The combined intermuscle-splitting approach for urethroplication and urethrovesicoanastomosis was used for the first time. It makes a proper condition in a wound for operation on ureter, vesicoureteral segment. That allows to reach the main aim — the elimination of vesicoureteral fistula obstruction along with minimally traumatic operation, and terms of medical treatment of a patient in the hospital due to operative trauma and number of medicine abatement, good cosmetic effect.В работе представлены данные о выполнении реконструктивных операций при мегауретере с использованием малоинвазивной открытой ретроперитонеоскопии (РПС). С 2005 г. в клинике урологии УГМА выполнено 16 таких реконструктивных операций. При этом впервые применен комбинированный межмышечный доступ для проведения уретеропликации и уретеровезикоанастомоза, что создает достаточные условия в ране для вмешательства на мочеточнике, пузырно-мочеточниковом сегменте, позволяющие достигнуть основной цели — ликвидации обструкции пузырно-мочеточникового соустья при минимальной травматичности операции, снижения продолжительности пребывания больного в стационаре за счет уменьшения операционной травмы, уменьшения количества лекарственных препаратов, а также хорошего косметического эффекта

Parvovirus B19 infection in five European countries: seroepidemiology, force of infection and maternal risk of infection

We conducted a seroprevalence survey in Belgium, Finland, England & Wales, Italy and Poland on 13 449 serum samples broadly representative in terms of geography and age. Samples were tested for the presence of immunoglobulin G antibody using an enzyme immunoassay. The age-specific risk of infection was estimated using parametric and non-parametric statistical modelling. The age-specific risk in all five countries was highest in children aged 7-9 years and lower in adults. The average proportion of women of child-bearing age susceptible to parvovirus B19 infection and the risk of a pregnant women acquiring B19 infection during pregnancy was estimated to be 26% and 0.61% in Belgium, 38% and 0.69% in England & Wales, 43.5% and 1.24% in Finland, 39.9% and 0.92% in Italy and 36.8% and 1.58% in Poland, respectively. Our study indicates substantial epidemiological differences in Europe regarding parvovirus B19 infection

Comparative hepatitis A seroepidemiology in 10 European countries

SUMMARYThe WHO recommends hepatitis A virus (HAV) immunization according to level of transmission and disease burden. We aimed to identify susceptible age groups by standardized serosurveys to inform HAV vaccination policy in participating countries: Belgium, Czech Republic, England, Finland, Germany, Italy, Lithuania, Malta, Romania, and Slovakia. Each country tested national serum banks (n=1854-6748), collected during 1996-2004, for anti-HAV antibodies. Local laboratory results were standardized to common units. Forty-one per cent of those aged &lt;30 years and 6% of those aged 30 years were susceptible to HAV in Romania; compared to 70-94% and 26-71%, respectively, elsewhere. Romania reported high HAV incidence in children and young adults. Other countries reported HAV disease primarily in older risk groups. The results suggest low level of HAV transmission in most of Europe. Romania, however, appeared as an area with intermediate transmission. Vaccination of risk groups in countries with high susceptibility of young and middle-aged adults needs to be continued</p

The European Sero-Epidemiology Network 2 (ESEN2): Standardization of assay results for hepatitis A virus (HAV) to enable comparisons of seroprevalence data across 15 countries

The European Sero-Epidemiology Network 2 (ESEN2) aimed to compare serological results of vaccine-preventable diseases across Europe. To ensure direct inter-country comparability of hepatitis A virus antibody (anti-HAV) measurements, a standardization panel of 150 sera was developed by a designated reference laboratory and tested by participating national laboratories using assays of choice; each country&apos;s results were subsequently regressed against those of the reference laboratory. Quantitatively, the assays were generally highly correlated (R2 &amp;gt; 0·90). Nevertheless, qualitative comparisons indicated that results obtained with different assays may differ despite the usage of well-established international and local standards. To a great extent standardization successfully alleviated such differences. The generated standardization equations will be used to convert national serological results into common units to enable direct international comparisons of HAV seroprevalence data. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the evaluation and potential improvement of the currently employed immunization strategies for hepatitis in Europe. © 2008 Cambridge University Press