Method For Creating A Control Cabinet Model With Realistic Wires

During the assembly of a control cabinet, a major time-consuming step is the wiring of the included components. Hence, automating this step will noticeably reduce production costs. According to the planning, wires are routed through wire ducts and connected to components. While a comprehensive digital twin can be computed for the included components, this twin is missing a proper modelling of the connecting wires. For these, only a rough route through the wire ducts is given. However, a physically plausible model is an important prerequisite to perform reliable path planning for automated assembly. The paper addresses this need for accurate wire path computation during automated cabinet assembly and introduces a method to compute realistic wire paths through the wire ducts. Different models with and without a fixed wire length are presented and compared. An evolutionary algorithm optimizes the corresponding variables of the models. As described, both approaches yield valid paths, although the fixed length model appears to be able to compute more realistic paths

Investigation of Wire Mark Reading Methods to Support Automatic Quality Control

During the assembly of a control cabinet, a worker obstructs many individual configured wires. To distinguish these wires, a printer plots an identifying text on each end of the wires. However, due to the shape of the wires and the printing process, the quality of these markings is often too low, and it is hard or impossible to read the marking. Common reasons are a low contrast or a blurred text. By now, there is no quality check of the marking after a crimping machine produced the wire. This paper investigates methods for wire mark reading that is required to estimate the quality of the marking. By using optical character recognition, the likeliness that a worker can read the marking must be computed. In the final solution, the quality check of the marking will be implemented within an automated quality check that is located after the printing process. With this, the crimping machine can then discard wires of low quality and reproduce them instantly

An Overview of COVID-19 in solid organ transplantation

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has influenced the field of solid organ transplantation (SOT) in many ways. COVID-19 has led to programmatic impacts and changes in donor and recipient selection. Several studies have evaluated the course, optimal treatment, and prevention of COVID-19 in SOT recipients. Objective To review the literature on COVID-19 in SOT recipients. Sources PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched. The search was restricted to articles published between January 1, 2019, and December 1, 2021. Content The COVID-19 pandemic initially led to a decreased volume of solid organ transplants. However, transplant volumes at most centers have rebounded. Donor selection remains an incompletely defined issue. Several reports suggests that donor-derived SARS-CoV-2 infections occur only in lung transplant recipients, and that other organs from SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive donors could potentially be safely used. However, these data are limited to case series. Transplantation for end-stage lung disease after COVID-19 infection is increasingly common and has been performed with acceptable outcomes. In acute COVID-19 in a transplant candidate, transplantation should be delayed when feasible. After adjustment, mortality after COVID-19 appear similar in SOT recipients as compared to the general population, with notable increased use of anti-viral and anti-inflammatory treatment options. Prevention of COVID-19 is key in SOT recipients. Vaccination of SOT recipients and anyone who is in contact with SOT recipients is one of the cornerstones of prevention. Non-pharmacological interventions such as face coverings, hand hygiene, and physical distancing remain ever important as well. Implications The COVID-19 pandemic continues to have an important impact on SOT candidates and recipients. Prevention of infection is the most important measure, and requires careful attention to approaches to vaccination, and messaging of the ongoing need for face coverings, physical distancing, and hand hygiene

Exact Solution of a Drop-push Model for Percolation

Motivated by a computer science algorithm known as `linear probing with hashing' we study a new type of percolation model whose basic features include a sequential `dropping' of particles on a substrate followed by their transport via a `pushing' mechanism. Our exact solution in one dimension shows that, unlike the ordinary random percolation model, the drop-push model has nontrivial spatial correlations generated by the dynamics itself. The critical exponents in the drop-push model are also different from that of the ordinary percolation. The relevance of our results to computer science is pointed out.Comment: 4 pages revtex, 2 eps figure

Detection, Occurrence and Fate of Emerging Contaminants in Agricultural Environments

A total of 43 papers published in 2014 were reviewed ranging from detailed descriptions of analytical methods, to fate and occurrence studies, to measuring and predicting biological effects for a wide variety of emerging contaminants likely to occur in agricultural environments. New methods and studies on veterinary pharmaceuticals, natural and synthetics steroids, and antibiotic resistance genes in agricultural environments continue to expand our knowledge base on the occurrence and potential impacts of these compounds. This review is divided into the following sections: Introduction, Analytical Methods, Occurrence and Fate, Antibiotic Resistance Genes, and Risk Assessment

Witness and Worship in Pluralistic America

American society in the twenty- first century poses a myriad of challenges for the church as it seeks to be an effective witness to the Gospel of Jesus Christ. Among these challenges is an increasingly pluralistic cultural and religious context.https://scholar.csl.edu/ebooks/1040/thumbnail.jp

Effect of Composting on the Fate of Steroids in Beef Cattle Manure

In this study, the fate of steroid hormones in beef cattle manure composting is evaluated. The fate of 16 steroids and metabolites was evaluated in composted manure from beef cattle administered growth promotants and from beef cattle with no steroid hormone implants. The fate of estrogens (primary detected as estrone), androgens, progesterone, and the fusarium metabolite and implant a-zearalanol was monitored in manure compost piles. First-order decay rates were calculated for steroid half-lives in compost and ranged from 8 d for androsterone to 69 d for 4-androstenedione. Other steroid concentration data could not be fit to first-order decay models, which may indicate that microbial processes may result in steroid production or synthesis in composting systems. We demonstrate that composting is an effective strategy to remove steroid hormones from manure. Total steroid hormone removal in composted beef cattle manure ranged from 79 to 87%

Effect of rainfall timing and tillage on the transport of steroidhormones in runoff from manure amended row crop fields

Runoff generated from livestock manure amended row crop fields is one of the major pathways of hormone transport to the aquatic environment. The study determined the effects of manure handling, tillage methods, and rainfall timing on the occurrence and transport of steroid hormones in runoff from the row crop field. Stockpiled and composted manure from hormone treated and untreated animals were applied to test plots and subjected to two rainfall simulation events 30 days apart. During the two rainfall simulation events, detection of any steroid hormone or metabolites was identified in 8–86% of runoff samples from any tillage and manure treatment. The most commonly detected hormones were 17 _estradiol, estrone, estriol, testosterone, and _zearalenol at concentrations ranging up to 100–200 ng L−1. Considering the maximum detected concentrations in runoff, no more than 10% of the applied hormone can be transported through the dissolved phase of runoff. Results from the study indicate that hormones can persist in soils receiving livestock manure over an extended period of time and the dissolved phase of hormone in runoff is not the preferred pathway of transport from the manure applied fields irrespective of tillage treatments and timing of rainfall