Patient Characteristics Related to Phlebitis in the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia Hospital

The insertion of peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs) is common for treatment among hospitalized patients. However, this procedure usually fails before the end of therapy because of several complications, including phlebitis. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the incidence and associated factors of phlebitis among patients with PIVC. A prospective cohort study was conducted in one of the hospitals located in East Coast Malaysia. The presence of phlebitis was assessed using the visual infusion phlebitis score checklist. The patients were followed until PIVC removal. A total of 321 data were collected among patients who received a new PIVC in the medical, gynecology, and orthopedic wards. The incidence of phlebitis was 36.1% (n= 116), and 96.6% of which were grade II. Patients aged 60 years (51.5%), men (42.2%), no known phlebitis history (47.4%), and with chronic disease record (46.8%) were determined as the highest percentage with phlebitis. This study demonstrated that age, gender, and chronic diseases were risk factors of developing phlebitis.Abstrak Karakteristik Pasien yang Berhubungan dengan Flebitis di Rumah Sakit Pantai Timur Semenanjung Malayía. Di antara pasien yang dirawat di rumah sakit, penyisipan kateter intravena perifer (PIVC) umum untuk pengobatan. Namun, prosedur ini seringkali gagal sebelum terapi selesai karena beberapa komplikasi. Salah satu komplikasi yang terjadi adalah flebitis. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kejadian dan faktor-faktor terkait flebitis di antara pasien dengan PIVC. Sebuah studi kohort prospektif dilakukan di salah satu rumah sakit yang berlokasi di Pantai Timur Malaysia. Kejadian flebitis dinilai menggunakan daftar periksa skor Visual Infusion Phlebitis (VIP). Para pasien ditindaklanjuti sampai pengangkatan PIVC. Terdapat 321 data yang dikumpulkan di antara pasien yang menerima PIVC baru di bangsal medis, ginekologi, dan ortopedi. Insiden flebitis ditemukan 36,1% (n= 116), 96,6% di antaranya adalah grade II. Pasien berusia 60 tahun (51,5%), pria (42,2%), pasien tidak memiliki riwayat flebitis (47,4%) dan pasien dengan catatan penyakit kronis (46,8%) tercatat sebagai persentase tertinggi dengan flebitis. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa usia, jenis kelamin, dan pasien dengan penyakit kronis kemungkinan besar mengalami flebitis. Kata Kunci: flebitis, kateter intravena peripheral, pasien dewas

Patient Characteristics Related to Phlebitis in the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia Hospital

The insertion of peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs) is common for treatment among hospitalized patients. However, this procedure usually fails before the end of therapy because of several complications, including phlebitis. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the incidence and associated factors of phlebitis among patients with PIVC. A prospective cohort study was conducted in one of the hospitals located in East Coast Malaysia. The presence of phlebitis was assessed using the visual infusion phlebitis score checklist. The patients were followed until PIVC removal. A total of 321 data were collected among patients who received a new PIVC in the medical, gynecology, and orthopedic wards. The incidence of phlebitis was 36.1% (n= 116), and 96.6% of which were grade II. Patients aged 60 years (51.5%), men (42.2%), no known phlebitis history (47.4%), and with chronic disease record (46.8%) were determined as the highest percentage with phlebitis. This study demonstrated that age, gender, and chronic diseases were risk factors of developing phlebitis. Abstrak Karakteristik Pasien yang Berhubungan dengan Flebitis di Rumah Sakit Pantai Timur Semenanjung Malayía. Di antara pasien yang dirawat di rumah sakit, penyisipan kateter intravena perifer (PIVC) umum untuk pengobatan. Namun, prosedur ini seringkali gagal sebelum terapi selesai karena beberapa komplikasi. Salah satu komplikasi yang terjadi adalah flebitis. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kejadian dan faktor-faktor terkait flebitis di antara pasien dengan PIVC. Sebuah studi kohort prospektif dilakukan di salah satu rumah sakit yang berlokasi di Pantai Timur Malaysia. Kejadian flebitis dinilai menggunakan daftar periksa skor Visual Infusion Phlebitis (VIP). Para pasien ditindaklanjuti sampai pengangkatan PIVC. Terdapat 321 data yang dikumpulkan di antara pasien yang menerima PIVC baru di bangsal medis, ginekologi, dan ortopedi. Insiden flebitis ditemukan 36,1% (n= 116), 96,6% di antaranya adalah grade II. Pasien berusia 60 tahun (51,5%), pria (42,2%), pasien tidak memiliki riwayat flebitis (47,4%) dan pasien dengan catatan penyakit kronis (46,8%) tercatat sebagai persentase tertinggi dengan flebitis. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa usia, jenis kelamin, dan pasien dengan penyakit kronis kemungkinan besar mengalami flebitis. Kata Kunci: flebitis, kateter intravena peripheral, pasien dewas

Incidence and risk factors of phlebitis among adult patient s with peripheral intravenous catheter

The insertion of peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) is essential among hospitalized patients for treatment purposes. However, this procedure usually fails before the end of therapy due to many complications. Phlebitis is one of the common complication occurred. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the incidence rate of phlebitis among patients with PIVC and identify the associated risk factors contributed to phlebitis. Methods: This study used observational study design which was conducted in one of the hospitals located in East Coast Malaysia (Kuantan, Pahang). There were 161 data collected among patients who had PIVC in medical, gynecology and orthopedic wards from September 2016 until December 2016. The incidence of phlebitis on patients were evaluated using modified Visual Infusion Phlebitis (VIP) score checklist adopted from Royal College of Nursing in 2010. Other information regarding PIVC also being collected through assessment of patients. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi square test. Results: The incidence of phlebitis, was found out to be 32.3% (n=52). The associated factors that contributed to the incidence of phlebitis in this study were presence of chronic diseases. Conclusions: Overall, phlebitis was the most frequent reason for PIVC removal and complication in this study. This high incidence from the result indicated a worrying outcome, as it was greater than the percentage recommended by Infusion Nursing Society. This study demonstrated that patients with chronic diseases were most likely to develop phlebitis

Incidence and risk factors of phlebitis among adult patients with peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC)

Background of study: The insertion of peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) is essential among hospitalized patients for treatment purposes. However, this procedure usually fails before the end of therapy due to many complications. Phlebitis is one of the common complication occurred. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the incidence rate of phlebitis among patients with PIVC and identify the associated risk factors contributed to phlebitis. Methods: This study used observational study design which was conducted in one of the hospitals located in East Coast Malaysia (Kuantan, Pahang). There were 161 data collected among patients who had PIVC in medical, gynecology and orthopedic wards from September 2016 until December 2016. The incidence of phlebitis on patients were evaluated using modified Visual Infusion Phlebitis (VIP) score checklist adopted from Royal College of Nursing in 2010. Other information regarding PIVC also being collected through assessment of patients. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi square test. Results: The incidence of phlebitis, was found out to be 32.3% (n=52). The associated factors that contributed to the incidence of phlebitis in this study were presence of chronic diseases. Conclusions: Overall, phlebitis was the most frequent reason for PIVC removal and complication in this study. This high incidence from the result indicated a worrying outcome, as it was greater than the percentage recommended by Infusion Nursing Society. This study demonstrated that patients with chronic diseases were most likely to develop phlebitis

PENGARUH MASSA SOURCE TERHADAP KETEBALAN THIN FILM MELALUI DEPOSISI VACUUM THERMAL EVAPORATION

Purpose of this research to determine the effect of mass of source on thickness of thin film, with using the vacuum thermal evaporation. The metal used is Ag with a purity of 99,99% as a source of evaporated metal and using glass preparations as a substrate on which metal is deposited. By using three types of characterization such as FPP, SEM and EDS, the research results were obtained accurately. Based on  these characterizations, the results obtained a significant relationship between mass of source and thickness of thin film, increasing the mass of the source will increase the thickness of thin film. This result can be used as a reference in producing thin films with specific of thickness

EFFECTIVENESS OF PJBL (PROJECT BASED LEARNING) BASED MICROTEACHING MODULES STUDENT LEARNING RESULTS ON BASIC TEACHING SKILLS MATERIAL

This study aims to test the module's effectiveness on student learning outcomes in microteaching courses. The type of research used is Pre-Experimental with a one-group pretest-posttest design. In this study, the treatment given was using teaching modules on essential teaching skills material. The research took place in the anthropology education study program, faculty of social sciences, State University of Medan. With research subjects totalling 30 students who received microteaching courses in the 2022/2023 academic year. Before getting the treatment, students were given a pretest, and after being given the treatment, a posttest was conducted with 50 questions in the form of objective or multiple-choice questions. The increase in learning outcomes was analyzed using the N-Gain formula. Based on the results of the N-Gain analysis, the average value was 0.41. There was an increase in student learning outcomes after using the microteaching module based on the PjBL (Project Learning) learning model on essential teaching skills material with a moderate category.

Semantik dan Makna Konotasi dalam Slanga Pelacur

Negative perspectives towards prostitutes globally disable the study on prostitution goes nowhere further for example when it comes to the usage of prostitution slangs. This is because the nature of prostitution itself is a taboo and an immoral doing. Every single words uttered by prostitutes depict connotative meanings and thus need in depth understanding to reveal those hidden meanings. Hence this research is mainly to analyze the meanings of the slangs in the prostitutions’ language domain. Analyses were done via semantic approach. Findings showed clearer and understandable meanings of the slangs but even though the explicit meanings are known, these slangs are found to be hidden because slangs in the prostitution domain of language are believed to be obscene and vulgar and thus considered improper to be used at public places. In this study, details of prostitutes’ utterances are put forward then just merely making general perspective

NARATIF PUTERI SANTUBONG DAN PUTERI SEJINJANG MEMPERTALIKAN POLITIK TEMPATAN:ANALISIS PRAGMATIK

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implikatur (makna tersirat) dalam sastera rakyat Melayu Sarawak, iaitu naratif Puteri Santubong dan Puteri Sejinjang dengan mempertalikan politik tempatan. Pengkaji telah mentafsirkan implikatur yang terkandung dalam naratif tersebut berpandukan analisis pragmatik iaitu Teori Relevans (TR) oleh Sperber dan Wilson. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa eksplikatur seperti “Puteri Santubong”, “Puteri Sejinjang”, “kisah lama, zaman mensia maya”, “penjaga”, “manis”, “anak dak dewa turun kayangan”, “bertenun kain”, “malam”, “menumbuk padi” dan “siang” sebenarnya mempunyai implikatur yang dapat diasosiasikan dengan konteks semasa. Hal ini selaras dengan peranan sastera rakyat yang begitu sarat dengan unsur nasihat dan sindiran secara halus supaya masyarakat kini tidak mengulangi kesilapan yang berlaku dalam naratif Puteri Santubong dan Puteri Sejinjang ini. Rumusannya, berbekalkan konteks, kesan kognitif dan usaha memproses maklumat, mesej secara tersirat dalam naratif ini dapat mengalami peluasan makna berdasarkan keadaan politik tempatan