188 research outputs found
Data Management Plan template
La intención de este documento es servir de guía a los investigadores que deben elaborar
sus Planes de Gestión de Datos en cumplimiento con la normativa de los proyectos de
investigación financiados en el marco del plan Horizonte 2020 de la Comisión Europea.
Estos Planes de Gestión de Datos deben necesariamente estipular las medidas tomadas
por los investigadores para hacer sus datos FAIR, esto es, localizables, accesibles,
interoperables y reutilizables
IVOA Recommendation: Simple Spectral Access Protocol Version 1.1
The Simple Spectral Access (SSA) Protocol (SSAP) defines a uniform interface
to remotely discover and access one dimensional spectra. SSA is a member of an
integrated family of data access interfaces altogether comprising the Data
Access Layer (DAL) of the IVOA. SSA is based on a more general data model
capable of describing most tabular spectrophotometric data, including time
series and spectral energy distributions (SEDs) as well as 1-D spectra; however
the scope of the SSA interface as specified in this document is limited to
simple 1-D spectra, including simple aggregations of 1-D spectra. The form of
the SSA interface is simple: clients first query the global resource registry
to find services of interest and then issue a data discovery query to selected
services to determine what relevant data is available from each service; the
candidate datasets available are described uniformly in a VOTable format
document which is returned in response to the query. Finally, the client may
retrieve selected datasets for analysis. Spectrum datasets returned by an SSA
spectrum service may be either precomputed, archival datasets, or they may be
virtual data which is computed on the fly to respond to a client request.
Spectrum datasets may conform to a standard data model defined by SSA, or may
be native spectra with custom project-defined content. Spectra may be returned
in any of a number of standard data formats. Spectral data is generally stored
externally to the VO in a format specific to each spectral data collection;
currently there is no standard way to represent astronomical spectra, and
virtually every project does it differently. Hence spectra may be actively
mediated to the standard SSA-defined data model at access time by the service,
so that client analysis programs do not have to be familiar with the
idiosyncratic details of each data collection to be accessed
First experience in operating the population of the condition databases for the CMS experiment
Reliable population of the condition databases is critical for the correct
operation of the online selection as well as of the offline reconstruction and
analysis of data. We will describe here the system put in place in the CMS
experiment to populate the database and make condition data promptly available
both online for the high-level trigger and offline for reconstruction. The
system, designed for high flexibility to cope with very different data sources,
uses POOL-ORA technology in order to store data in an object format that best
matches the object oriented paradigm for \texttt{C++} programming language used
in the CMS offline software. In order to ensure consistency among the various
subdetectors, a dedicated package, PopCon (Populator of Condition Objects), is
used to store data online. The data are then automatically streamed to the
offline database hence immediately accessible offline worldwide. This mechanism
was intensively used during 2008 in the test-runs with cosmic rays. The
experience of this first months of operation will be discussed in detail.Comment: 15 pages, submitter to JOP, CHEP0
Developing a national environmental monitoring infrastructure and capacity : ERDF156
This deliverr encompasses two main research initiatives entitled Information and Dissemination Services for the Project “Developing National Environmental Monitoring Infrastructure and Capacity” and Design of the Shared Environmental Information System (SEIS) and development of a web-based GIS interface.peer-reviewe
IVOA Recommendation: Spectrum Data Model 1.1
We present a data model describing the structure of spectrophotometric
datasets with spectral and temporal coordinates and associated metadata. This
data model may be used to represent spectra, time series data, segments of SED
(Spectral Energy Distributions) and other spectral or temporal associations.Comment: http://www.ivoa.ne
Essays on farm household credit constraint, productivity and consumption inequality in Malawi
Credit has proven to be a necessary tool for economic development affecting positively the welfare of households and individuals. However, one major area in which rural households lack is access to financial markets including credit. The studies included in this thesis contribute to the access to credit literature and the credit constraint/unconstraint impact on some welfare outcomes. The first empirical study examined farm households' access to credit in rural Malawi. Unlike previous empirical studies, particular attention is given to discouraged borrowers who are mostly ignored in such studies. Using the 2010/2011 household survey data from Malawi the study determines the demographic and socio-economic characteristics that distinguish farm households who need credit, who are the discouraged borrowers and who are rejected applicants. A three-step sequential estimation model following a trivariate probit model with double sample selection was adopted. The findings revealed that there were over 7 times more discouraged borrowers than denied applicants. Women were more likely to be discouraged from applying for credit but, if they applied, they were more likely to be successful in obtaining credit than males. This shows that when examining farm households' access to credit discouraged borrowers should be given special consideration.
Capturing discouraged borrowers as also credit constrained, the second empirical study employed a switching model to estimate the impact of credit constraint status on farm productivity for each credit constraint regime. The study further compared the expected production under actual and counterfactual conditions for a household being credit constrained or unconstrained. The findings suggest that a household that is constrained is less productive than a randomly selected household from the sample would but that for the unconstrained household is inconclusive, however, the counterfactual arguments as seen from the analysis shows that being credit unconstrained was beneficial to the increase in productivity.
Studies have shown that undeveloped financial markets have been a major contributing factor increasing inequality, especially in developing countries. The third empirical study examined the impact of household credit constraint on the consumption inequality of rural households in Malawi. Factors that explain the within and between credit constrained and unconstrained status of consumption inequality were examined. The General Entropy (GE) Index and the Regression-Based Inequality Decomposition Methods, Field's (2003) and Blinder-Oaxaca Decomposition were employed. The findings show that inequality was more prominent within the groups than between them. Also, the size of households and the value of assets were the major contributors to the within-group inequalities for credit constrained and unconstrained households. Further, only the endowment component was important in explaining the consumption inequality gap between the credit constrained and unconstrained households. Adjusting the level of endowments of constrained households to that of the unconstrained households increased their welfare by 15.7 percent
Impact of dizziness and obesity on the prevalence of falls and fall-related injuries
Quantify the relationships between dizziness, falls, and obesity among adults.Cross-sectional analysis of a national health survey.Adult respondents in the 2008 National Health Interview Survey balance module were analyzed. With demographic information, data for balance and dizziness problems, reported falls, injuries from falls, and body mass index were extracted. Associations between balance/dizziness problems and falls or injuries from falls were determined. The additional association between obesity and falls or fall-related injuries in the setting of a balance/dizziness problem was determined.Among 216.8 ± 3.5 million adult Americans, 24.2 ± 0.7 million reported dizziness in the past 12 months (11.1% ± 0.3%; mean age, 45.9 ± 0.2 years; 51.7% ± 0.5% female), 11.5% ± 0.3% had fallen in the prior 12 months, and 26.3% ± 0.4% were obese. Among individuals reporting dizziness, 34.3% ± 1.3% reported falls, whereas only 9.1% ± 0.3% of nondizzy individuals reported a fall (odds ratio [OR]: 5.1; P < .001). Among dizzy individuals who reported a fall, 45.8% ± 2.1% were injured by the fall versus 35.6% ± 1.4% nondizzy individuals who fell (OR: 1.5; P < .001). The addition of obesity to dizziness increased the odds of falling by 1.3 (95% confidence interval: 1.2-1.5; P < .001) but did not significantly increase the odds of fall-related injury (P = .110).Dizziness/balance problems are strongly associated with both an increased tendency to fall and increased injury rate from falls among adults. The addition of obesity to dizziness was associated with a higher rate of falling but was not associated with a significantly higher rate of fall-related injury. Balance problems in conjunction with obesity need to be targeted in fall-prevention efforts.2b
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