6 research outputs found
Genetic diversity of Prochilodus lineatus stocks using in the stocking program of Tietê River, Brazil
ABSTRACT
Objective. Assess the genetic diversity in four brood stocks and one juvenile stock of curimba Prochilodus lineatus in a Hydropower plant in São Paulo - Brazil, using the Tietê River stocking program. Materials and methods. Five RAPD primers were used to amplify the extracted DNA from 150 fin-clip samples. Results. Fifty-nine fragments were polymorphic, 52 had frequencies with significant differences (p<0.05), 45 had low frequencies, 54 were excluded, and two were fixed fragments. High values for polymorphic fragments (71.19% to 91.53%) and Shannon index (0.327 to 0.428) were observed. The genetic divergence values within each stock were greater than 50%. Most of the genetic variation was found within the groups through the AMOVA analysis, which was confirmed by the results of the identity and genetic distance. High ancestry levels (FST) among the groups value indicated high and moderate genetic differentiation. The estimates of number of migrants by generation (Nm) indicated low levels of gene flow. High and moderate genetic divergence between groups (0.58 to 0.83) was observed. Conclusions. The results indicate high variability within the stocks, and genetic differentiation among them. The fish stocks analyzed represent a large genetic base that will allow the fish technicians to release juveniles without genetic risks to wild populations present in the river. These genetic procedures may be used as models for other migratory species, including those threatened by extinction
Growth curve by Gompertz nonlinear regression model in female and males in tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum)
ABSTRACT Was evaluated the pattern of growth among females and males of tambaqui by Gompertz nonlinear regression model. Five traits of economic importance were measured on 145 animals during the three years, totaling 981 morphometric data analyzed. Different curves were adjusted between males and females for body weight, height and head length and only one curve was adjusted to the width and body length. The asymptotic weight (a) and relative growth rate to maturity (k) were different between sexes in animals with ± 5 kg; slaughter weight practiced by a specific niche market, very profitable. However, there was no difference between males and females up to ± 2 kg; slaughter weight established to supply the bigger consumer market. Females showed weight greater than males (± 280 g), which are more suitable for fish farming purposes defined for the niche market to larger animals. In general, males had lower maximum growth rate (8.66 g / day) than females (9.34 g / day), however, reached faster than females, 476 and 486 days growth rate, respectively. The height and length body are the traits that contributed most to the weight at 516 days (P <0.001)
Genetic diversity of Prochilodus lineatus stocks using in the stocking program of Tietê River, Brazil
Objective. Assess the genetic diversity in four brood stocks and one juvenile stock of curimba
Prochilodus lineatus in a Hydropower plant in São Paulo - Brazil, using the Tietê River stocking
program. Materials and methods. Five RAPD primers were used to amplify the extracted DNA
from 150 fin-clip samples. Results. Fifty-nine fragments were polymorphic, 52 had frequencies
with significant differences (p<0.05), 45 had low frequencies, 54 were excluded, and two were fixed
fragments. High values for polymorphic fragments (71.19% to 91.53%) and Shannon index (0.327
to 0.428) were observed. The genetic divergence values within each stock were greater than 50%.
Most of the genetic variation was found within the groups through the AMOVA analysis, which was
confirmed by the results of the identity and genetic distance. High ancestry levels (FST) among the
groups value indicated high and moderate genetic differentiation. The estimates of number of migrants
by generation (Nm) indicated low levels of gene flow. High and moderate genetic divergence between
groups (0.58 to 0.83) was observed. Conclusions. The results indicate high variability within the
stocks, and genetic differentiation among them. The fish stocks analyzed represent a large genetic
base that will allow the fish technicians to release juveniles without genetic risks to wild populations
present in the river. These genetic procedures may be used as models for other migratory species,
including those threatened by extinction.Objetivo. Evaluar la diversidad genética de cuatro lotes de reproductores y un lote de juveniles de
curimba Prochilodus lineatus en una hidroeléctrica en São Paulo - Brasil, utilizados en el programa
de repoblamiento del río Tietê. Materiales y métodos. Cinco primers RAPD se utilizaron para
amplificar el ADN extraído de 150 muestras de aleta. Resultados. Cincuenta y nueve fragmentos
fueron polimórficos, 52 tuvieron frecuencias con diferencias significativas (p<0.05), 45 tuvieron bajas
frecuencias, 54 fueron excluidos, y dos fueron fragmentos limitantes. Se observaron altos valores de
fragmentos polimórficos (71.19% a 91.53%) y de índice de Shannon (0.327 a 0.428). Los valores
de divergencia genética dentro de cada lote fueron mayores al 50%. La mayor variación genética se
encontró dentro de los grupos a través del análisis de AMOVA, el cual fue confirmado con los resultados
de identidad y distancia genética. Los altos niveles de descendencia (FST) entre los grupos indicaron
una alta y moderada diferenciación genética. Los cálculos del número de emigrantes por generación
(Nm) indicaron bajos niveles de flujo génico. Se observó alta y moderada divergencia genética entre
los grupos (0.58 a 0.83). Conclusiones. Los resultados indicaron una alta variabilidad dentro de los
lotes y baja diferenciación entre ellos. Los lotes de peces analizados representan una amplia base
genética que permitirá a los productores liberar juveniles sin riesgos genéticos para las poblaciones
naturales presentes en el río. Estos procedimientos genéticos pueden ser utilizados como modelos
para otras especies migratorias, inclusive en aquellas en peligro de extinción
Dimensionality reduction for the quantitative evaluation of a smartphone-based Timed Up and Go test
The Timed Up and Go is a clinical test to assess mobility in the elderly and in Parkinson's disease. Lately instrumented versions of the test are being considered, where inertial sensors assess motion. To improve the pervasiveness, ease of use, and cost, we consider a smartphone's accelerometer as the measurement system. Several parameters (usually highly correlated) can be computed from the signals recorded during the test. To avoid redundancy and obtain the features that are most sensitive to the locomotor performance, a dimensionality reduction was performed through principal component analysis (PCA). Forty-nine healthy subjects of different ages were tested. PCA was performed to extract new features (principal components) which are not redundant combinations of the original parameters and account for most of the data variability. They can be useful for exploratory analysis and outlier detection. Then, a reduced set of the original parameters was selected through correlation analysis with the principal components. This set could be recommended for studies based on healthy adults. The proposed procedure could be used as a first-level feature selection in classification studies (i.e. healthy-Parkinson's disease, fallers-non fallers) and could allow, in the future, a complete system for movement analysis to be incorporated in a smartphone