The Compatibility of a Federal Magistrate\u27s Final Judgment With Nonmutual Issue Preclusion

This Note examines the propriety of issue preclusion as applied to a magistrate\u27s factual determination by providing an overview of section 636(c) of the Magistrate Act of 1979 and the decisions holding its provisions constitutional. It briefly looks at the expanded use of issue preclusion, which is largely due to the elimination of the mutuality agreement. After reviewing the policies that are promoted through the use of issue preclusion in such a manner, the Note concludes that nonmutual issue preclusion should apply to a magistrate\u27s determination in a civil trial only if the parties are aware of the consequences that may result when they consent

Who Turned the Filet Mignon into Chopped Meat?

Being enmeshed in the New York rat race—or guinea pig race, since we seem to be a laboratory of sorts, undergoing experiments in problem-solving—I find it easy to tune in to the surging crises that envelop us and threaten, even, to destroy us

A Funny Thing Happened to the Common Heritage on the Way to the Sea

In December 1970, with no dissenting votes, the United Nations General Assembly declared that the resources of the sea bed beyond national jurisdiction are the common heritage of mankind. We dreamed of pooling these resources for the service of mankind, and they include an estimated 2.25 trillion barrels of oil (possibly amounting to half of the total world reserves) and enough nodules containing manganese, cobalt, copper and nickel to supply the world for thousands of years. In 1970, after several years of preliminary backing and filling, the United Nations decided to call a world conference, generally known as the Law of the Sea Conference, for the purpose of implementing this dream. Almost 150 nations met in Caracas, Venezuela, from June 20 to August 29, 1974. The results were amazing

Teacher Ratings of Principal Applicants: The Significance of Gender and Leadership Style

This paper focuses on the results of a study examing the relationship among gender, leadership style and principal selection. A sample of 64 Arizona elementary teachers participated in the study. Key issues related to gender and leadership style were identified through a literature review, teacher ratings of four fictitious principals, coded comments, and survey results. Independent samples t tests on mean ratings were used to determine statistical significance. Teachers selected principals based on leadership style rather than gender; reform principal applicants were rated significantly higher than traditional principal applicants by all teacher respondents. Although not statistically significant, gender was associated to respondent selections. Female teachers rated a female reform principal higher than males, and male teachers rated a male reform principal higher than females. Male teachers rated a traditional female principal higher than they rated a traditional male principal, suggesting a gender interaction

Teacher Ratings of Principal Applicants: The Significance of Gender and Leadership Style

This paper focuses on the results of a study examing the relationship among gender, leadership style and principal selection. A sample of 64 Arizona elementary teachers participated in the study. Key issues related to gender and leadership style were identified through a literature review, teacher ratings of four fictitious principals, coded comments, and survey results. Independent samples t tests on mean ratings were used to determine statistical significance. Teachers selected principals based on leadership style rather than gender; reform principal applicants were rated significantly higher than traditional principal applicants by all teacher respondents. Although not statistically significant, gender was associated to respondent selections. Female teachers rated a female reform principal higher than males, and male teachers rated a male reform principal higher than females. Male teachers rated a traditional female principal higher than they rated a traditional male principal, suggesting a gender interaction