Terminological approaches in the psychology of affectivity

Catedra de psihologie și management, Universitataea de Stat de Medicină și Farmacie „Nicolae Testemiţanu”, Chișinău, Republica Moldov

Importance of studying medical sociology for future doctors

Catedra Economie, management şi psihopedagogie în medicină USMF „Nicolae Testemiţanu”Medical sociology is a branch of applied sociology, which began almost with the publication of "Le suicide. Etude of sociology "(1897) Durkheim's. Integrates medical sociology concepts, principles and research in medical sociology, including sociological education of medical students, the study of the health and social epidemiology, the study of development of a disease or the factors that influence patients' attitudes to illness (R. Strauss, 1972). Sociologia medicală este o ramură aplicativă a sociologiei, ce a debutat practic odată cu publicarea lucrării „Le suicide. Etude de sociologie“ (1897) a lui Durkheim. Sociologia în medicină integrează conceptele, principiile şi cercetările sociologice în medicină, inclusiv educaţia sociologică a studenţilor medicinişti, studiul comportamentului sanitar şi al epidemiologiei sociale, studiul proceselor de dezvoltare ale unei boli sau ale factorilor care influenţează atitudinea pacienţilor faţă de boală (R. Strauss, 1972)

Coping mechanisms function at the behavioral level

Catedra Economie, Management şi Psihopedagogie în medicină, USMF „Nicolae Testemiţanu”The article adaptive mechanisms have been elucidated in the psychological stress and comparative analysis of coping mechanisms and defenses. In order to understand the adaptive mechanisms in medical practice were described the psycho-behavioral risk types of patients: psycho-behavioral type A, type C. Also presented some 313 strategies appropriate psychotherapeutic patient needs and capabilities: experiential psychotherapy, cognitive behavioral psychotherapy, group psychotherapy etc. În articol au fost elucidate mecanismele adaptative în faţa stressului psihic şi analizate comparativ mecanismele de coping şi mecanismele defensive. În vederea cunoaşterii mecanismelor adaptative în practica medicală au fost descriese tipurile psihocomportamentale cu risc ale pacienţilor: tipul psihocomportamental A, tipul C. Deasemenea, au fost prezentate unele strategii psihoterapeutice adecvate necesităţilor şi posibilităţilor pacientului: psihoterapia experienţială, psihoterapia cognitiv-comportamentală, psihoterapia de grup, et

Mecanisme psihologice de formare a sentimentelor la adolescenţi

Summary. Psychological mechanisms of the formation of sentiments in teenager. In this paper theoretically is grounded psychological mechanisms and means of training planned sentiments, the results of experimental validation of psycho-pedagogical-oriented training program in adolescents a sense of gratitude toward their parents. In order to form this feeling adolescents in group format was activated emotional and psychological mechanism of contamination cotrăire. Activation of the collection has been organized by artwork that embodies and generates content that contributes to the objectifi cation of emotional experiences and training in adolescents a sense of gratitude toward their parents. Program developed, implemented and empirically verifi ed helped develop empathetic feelings in training adolescents feelings of gratitude and other important social motivating to parents.Резюме. Психологические механизмы формирования чувств у юношества. В статье теоретически аргументированы психологические механизмы и средства целенаправленного формирования чувств; представлены результаты экспериментальной проверки валидности психопедагогической программы, направленной на формирование у юношества чувства благодарности к родителям. В целях формирования данного чувства, у старшеклассников экспериментальной группы был активирован психологический механизм аффективного заражения и сопереживания. Активация указанного механизма осуществлялась посредством организованного восприятия произведений искусства, содержание которых выражали и вызывали аффективные переживания, способствующие объективации и формированию у старшеклассников чувства благодарности к родителям. Составленная, внедренная и экспериментально проверенная программа способствовала развитию эмпатических переживаний, формированию у старшеклассников благодарности и других побуждающих социально значимых чувств к родителям

Children with epilepsy and their preparation for school education

Epilepsy in children, as a brain disorder, generates epileptic seizures with neurobiological, psychological and social consequences. The disease in question also leaves its mark on the degree of psychological preparation of children for school education. The study performed was aimed at elucidating the development particularities of some aspects of intellectual maturity in children with and without epilepsy. The research sample consisted of 80 preschool children, among which 40 children with epilepsy and 40 children without epilepsy. In order to determine the level of development of verbal thinking, the level of development of voluntariness and the level of attention development of preschool children with and without epilepsy, the following psychodiagnostic methods were applied: “GV-Yrasek”, “Graphic Dictation”, “Little House”

Mechanisms for Developing Teenagers’ Sense of Gratitude towards their Parents (based on regional research)

The article presents the results of an experimental study of the formation of adolescents’ sense of gratitude to their parents; marked psychological conditions of gratitude; shows the effectiveness of empathy inclusion in the process of formation at high school students this feeling

Post-anaesthesia pulmonary complications after use of muscle relaxants (POPULAR): a multicentre, prospective observational study

Background Results from retrospective studies suggest that use of neuromuscular blocking agents during general anaesthesia might be linked to postoperative pulmonary complications. We therefore aimed to assess whether the use of neuromuscular blocking agents is associated with postoperative pulmonary complications. Methods We did a multicentre, prospective observational cohort study. Patients were recruited from 211 hospitals in 28 European countries. We included patients (aged ≥18 years) who received general anaesthesia for any in-hospital procedure except cardiac surgery. Patient characteristics, surgical and anaesthetic details, and chart review at discharge were prospectively collected over 2 weeks. Additionally, each patient underwent postoperative physical examination within 3 days of surgery to check for adverse pulmonary events. The study outcome was the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications from the end of surgery up to postoperative day 28. Logistic regression analyses were adjusted for surgical factors and patients’ preoperative physical status, providing adjusted odds ratios (ORadj) and adjusted absolute risk reduction (ARRadj). This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01865513. Findings Between June 16, 2014, and April 29, 2015, data from 22803 patients were collected. The use of neuromuscular blocking agents was associated with an increased incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications in patients who had undergone general anaesthesia (1658 [7·6%] of 21694); ORadj 1·86, 95% CI 1·53–2·26; ARRadj –4·4%, 95% CI –5·5 to –3·2). Only 2·3% of high-risk surgical patients and those with adverse respiratory profiles were anaesthetised without neuromuscular blocking agents. The use of neuromuscular monitoring (ORadj 1·31, 95% CI 1·15–1·49; ARRadj –2·6%, 95% CI –3·9 to –1·4) and the administration of reversal agents (1·23, 1·07–1·41; –1·9%, –3·2 to –0·7) were not associated with a decreased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Neither the choice of sugammadex instead of neostigmine for reversal (ORadj 1·03, 95% CI 0·85–1·25; ARRadj –0·3%, 95% CI –2·4 to 1·5) nor extubation at a train-of-four ratio of 0·9 or more (1·03, 0·82–1·31; –0·4%, –3·5 to 2·2) was associated with better pulmonary outcomes. Interpretation We showed that the use of neuromuscular blocking drugs in general anaesthesia is associated with an increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Anaesthetists must balance the potential benefits of neuromuscular blockade against the increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications