168 research outputs found
Priming Presidential Votes by Direct Democracy
We demonstrate that direct democracy can affect the issues voters consider when evaluating presidential candidates. Priming theory assumes that some voters have latent attitudes or predispositions that can be primed to affect evaluations of political candidates. We demonstrate that: (1) state ballot measures on same sex marriage increased the salience of marriage as an issue that voters used when evaluating presidential candidates in 2004, particularly those voters less interested in the campaign and those likely to be less attentive to the issue prior to the election; and (2) that the printed issue (gay marriage) was a more important factor affecting candidate choice in states where marriage was on the ballot
Hygroscopic Growth of Ammonium Sulfate/Dicarboxylic Acids
Recent studies have shown that tropospheric sulfate aerosols commonly contain 50% by mass organic species. The influence of these organics on the chemical and physical properties of sulfate aerosols is not fully established. We have measured the water activity of pure dicarboxylic acids and eutonic mixtures of ammonium sulfate/dicarboxylic acids at 25°C and have calculated van\u27t Hoff factors for each individual system. We have also used the vapor pressure data to determine the hygroscopic growth curves for pure dicarboxylic acids and eutonic mixtures and provide power law fits to the data. For the systems studied we find that the presence of soluble dicarboxylic acids at the eutonic proportion depresses hygroscopic growth when compared to pure ammonium sulfate. In addition, we find that the presence of low-solubility dicarboxylic acids at the eutonic proportion has no effect on the hygroscopic growth when compared to pure ammonium sulfate. To model the hygroscopic growth curves of the eutonic solutions, we employed the Zdanovskii, Stokes, and Robinson method. It was found that this approximation was accurate to within 17% for all the systems studied
The Thermal Properties of Solar Flares Over Three Solar Cycles Using GOES X-ray Observations
Solar flare X-ray emission results from rapidly increasing temperatures and
emission measures in flaring active region loops. To date, observations from
the X-Ray Sensor (XRS) onboard the Geostationary Operational Environmental
Satellite (GOES) have been used to derive these properties, but have been
limited by a number of factors, including the lack of a consistent background
subtraction method capable of being automatically applied to large numbers of
flares. In this paper, we describe an automated temperature and emission
measure-based background subtraction method (TEBBS), which builds on the
methods of Bornmann (1990). Our algorithm ensures that the derived temperature
is always greater than the instrumental limit and the pre-flare background
temperature, and that the temperature and emission measure are increasing
during the flare rise phase. Additionally, TEBBS utilizes the improved
estimates of GOES temperatures and emission measures from White et al. (2005).
TEBBS was successfully applied to over 50,000 solar flares occurring over
nearly three solar cycles (1980-2007), and used to create an extensive catalog
of the solar flare thermal properties. We confirm that the peak emission
measure and total radiative losses scale with background subtracted GOES X-ray
flux as power-laws, while the peak temperature scales logarithmically. As
expected, the peak emission measure shows an increasing trend with peak
temperature, although the total radiative losses do not. While these results
are comparable to previous studies, we find that flares of a given GOES class
have lower peak temperatures and higher peak emission measures than previously
reported. The resulting TEBBS database of thermal flare plasma properties is
publicly available on Solar Monitor (www.solarmonitor.org/TEBBS/) and will be
available on Heliophysics Integrated Observatory (www.helio-vo.eu)
A Simple Control to Reduce the Voltage Stress of Non-Conducting Switches in Three-Level ANPC Converter
With the development of wide band-gap (WBG) technology, the switching speed of power semiconductor devices is increased, which makes circuits more sensitive to parasitics. For three-level active neutral point clamped (3L-ANPC) converters, the over-voltage of non-conducting switches can be an issue. This paper analyzes the multiple commutation loops in 3L-ANPC converter and summarizes the impact factors of the over-voltage for the non-conducting switch. It is found that the nonlinearity of the output capacitance of the device can significantly influence the over-voltage. A simple control without introducing any additional hardware circuit is proposed to attenuate the impact of the nonlinearity. With the proposed control, the peak over-voltage of the non-conducting switch can be reduced significantly. Multi-pulse test is conducted for a 3L- ANPC converter built with silicon carbide (SiC) MOSFETs. The testing results show that the peak over-voltage decreases from 892 V to 624 V with the proposed control. More detailed analysis and experimental results will be provided in the final paper
Enhancing a geographic regression discontinuity design through matching to estimate the effect of ballot initiatives on voter turnout
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/109765/1/rssa12056-sup-0001-SuppInfo.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/109765/2/rssa12056.pd
The Vehicle, Spring 1998
Vol. 39, No. 2
Table of Contents
The MarriageStephanie Kavanaughpage 10
UntitledKyla Anthonypage 11
Behind the Old Farmhouse FieldJacob Tolbertpage 12
decomposing tearsDavid Moutraypage 13
brookBrooke Tidballpage 14
Sacred CircleJacob Tolbertpage 15
without discretionMandy Watsonpage 16
HAIRCUTStephanie Kavanaughpage 17
Slave for a DayLizz Lampherepage 18
Taco HellEric Dolanpage 19
Who Am I?Sara Cizmarpage 20
XXJason Brownpage 21-22
Torn PaperJacob Tolbertpage 23-24
Fat GirlsKim Hunterpage 24
UntitledMaureen Rafterypage 25
LegosA. Fijakiewiczpage 26
Black Shoes in JuneErin Maagpage 27
UntitledMaureen Rafterypage 28
TicklishLizz Lampherepage 29
of naiveteMandy Watsonpage 30
The Geology of WaterfallsStephanie Kavanaughpage 31
GratitudeJeanette McCainpage 32
AnswersKim Hunterpage 33
Cornfield MeetDaniel G. Fitzgeraldpage 39https://thekeep.eiu.edu/vehicle/1071/thumbnail.jp
The Vehicle, Spring 1999
Vol. 40, No. 2
Table of Contents
Poetry
Eve\u27s DaughterSylvia Whippopage 1
When We Wore Canoes On Our ShouldersMandy Watsonpage 2
This Is Not A Poem About GrandpaJake Tolbertpage 3
Old relationshipsBrandi Kinneypage 5
UntitledErin Winnerpage 6
BraverySylvia Whippopage 6
deep dark closetNicole Smithpage 7
Belly EarthTara Coburnpage 9
The River and FireJake Tolbertpage 10
UntitledAutumn Williamspage 12
Action PotentialKim Evanspage 13
Chimerical (a song for children)D.M. Attrapepage 14
UntitledAutumn Williamspage 16
UntitledMatthew Armstrongpage 18
Building YouSylvia Whippopage 19
RunningKim Evanspage 20
Walking Jenn to WorkJake Tolbertpage 22
Looking InKim Hunterpage 23
Void Between Me and WisconsinMandy Watsonpage 24
Artwork
UntitledWendy Finchpage 4
MeditationJennifer Lundpage 8
UntitledSteve Drakepage 15
MemoriesJennifer Lundpage 21
UntitledKathryn Kolasinskipage 25
Prose
FoundKim Hunterpage 26
A Day in the Life of William Baxter, DriverDaniel Fitzgeraldpage 32https://thekeep.eiu.edu/vehicle/1072/thumbnail.jp
The Vehicle, Spring 1999
Vol. 40, No. 2
Table of Contents
Poetry
Eve\u27s DaughterSylvia Whippopage 1
When We Wore Canoes On Our ShouldersMandy Watsonpage 2
This Is Not A Poem About GrandpaJake Tolbertpage 3
Old relationshipsBrandi Kinneypage 5
UntitledErin Winnerpage 6
BraverySylvia Whippopage 6
deep dark closetNicole Smithpage 7
Belly EarthTara Coburnpage 9
The River and FireJake Tolbertpage 10
UntitledAutumn Williamspage 12
Action PotentialKim Evanspage 13
Chimerical (a song for children)D.M. Attrapepage 14
UntitledAutumn Williamspage 16
UntitledMatthew Armstrongpage 18
Building YouSylvia Whippopage 19
RunningKim Evanspage 20
Walking Jenn to WorkJake Tolbertpage 22
Looking InKim Hunterpage 23
Void Between Me and WisconsinMandy Watsonpage 24
Artwork
UntitledWendy Finchpage 4
MeditationJennifer Lundpage 8
UntitledSteve Drakepage 15
MemoriesJennifer Lundpage 21
UntitledKathryn Kolasinskipage 25
Prose
FoundKim Hunterpage 26
A Day in the Life of William Baxter, DriverDaniel Fitzgeraldpage 32https://thekeep.eiu.edu/vehicle/1072/thumbnail.jp
Applying new biotechnologies to the study of occupational cancer--a workshop summary.
As high-throughput technologies in genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics evolve, questions arise about their use in the assessment of occupational cancers. To address these questions, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, the National Cancer Institute, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, and the American Chemistry Council sponsored a workshop 8-9 May 2002 in Washington, DC. The workshop brought together 80 international specialists whose objective was to identify the means for best exploiting new technologies to enhance methods for laboratory investigation, epidemiologic evaluation, risk assessment, and prevention of occupational cancer. The workshop focused on identifying and interpreting markers for early biologic effect and inherited modifiers of risk
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