355 research outputs found
Children with Speech Sound Disorders at School: Challenges for Children, Parents and Teachers
Teachers play a major role in supporting children’s educational, social, and emotional development although may be unprepared for supporting children with speech sound disorders. Interviews with 34 participants including six focus children, their parents, siblings, friends, teachers and other significant adults in their lives highlighted challenges for these children in school, and challenges for their parents and teachers in meeting these children’s developmental and educational needs. These challenges were centred on the need for specific expertise in the school setting, and access to additional classroom and professional services to support these students’ engagement in the learning and social environments of school. This research identifies frustrations that impact these families and teachers as they attempt to navigate the bureaucracies to which they are beholden
Hectospec, the MMT's 300 Optical Fiber-Fed Spectrograph
The Hectospec is a 300 optical fiber fed spectrograph commissioned at the MMT
in the spring of 2004. A pair of high-speed six-axis robots move the 300 fiber
buttons between observing configurations within ~300 s and to an accuracy ~25
microns. The optical fibers run for 26 m between the MMT's focal surface and
the bench spectrograph operating at R~1000-2000. Another high dispersion bench
spectrograph offering R~5,000, Hectochelle, is also available. The system
throughput, including all losses in the telescope optics, fibers, and
spectrograph peaks at ~10% at the grating blaze in 1" FWHM seeing. Correcting
for aperture losses at the 1.5" diameter fiber entrance aperture, the system
throughput peaks at 17%. Hectospec has proven to be a workhorse
instrument at the MMT. Hectospec and Hectochelle together were scheduled for
1/3 of the available nights since its commissioning. Hectospec has returned
\~60,000 reduced spectra for 16 scientific programs during its first year of
operation.Comment: 68 pages, 28 figures, to appear in December 2005 PAS
A Panchromatic Study of Massive Stars in the Extremely Metal-poor Local Group Dwarf Galaxy Leo A*
We characterize massive stars (M > 8 M⊙) in the nearby (D ∼ 0.8 Mpc) extremely metal-poor (Z ∼ 5% Z⊙) galaxy Leo A using Hubble Space Telescope ultraviolet (UV), optical, and near-infrared (NIR) imaging along with Keck/Low-Resolution Imaging Spectrograph and MMT/Binospec optical spectroscopy for 18 main-sequence OB stars. We find that: (a) 12 of our 18 stars show emission lines, despite not being associated with an H ii region, suggestive of stellar activity (e.g., mass loss, accretion, binary star interaction), which is consistent with previous predictions of enhanced activity at low metallicity; (b) six are Be stars, which are the first to be spectroscopically studied at such low metallicity—these Be stars have unusual panchromatic SEDs; (c) for stars well fit by the TLUSTY nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium models, the photometric and spectroscopic values of and agree to within ∼0.01 dex and ∼0.18 dex, respectively, indicating that near-UV/optical/NIR imaging can be used to reliably characterize massive (M ∼ 8–30 M⊙) main-sequence star properties relative to optical spectroscopy; (d) the properties of the most-massive stars in H II regions are consistent with constraints from previous nebular emission line studies; and (e) 13 stars with M > 8M⊙ are >40 pc from a known star cluster or H II region. Our sample comprises ∼50% of all known massive stars at Z ≲ 10% Z⊙with derived stellar parameters, high-quality optical spectra, and panchromatic photometry
An Unusual Transmission Spectrum for the Sub-Saturn KELT-11b Suggestive of a Sub-Solar Water Abundance
We present an optical-to-infrared transmission spectrum of the inflated
sub-Saturn KELT-11b measured with the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite
(TESS), the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Wide Field Camera 3 G141 spectroscopic
grism, and the Spitzer Space Telescope (Spitzer) at 3.6 m, in addition to
a Spitzer 4.5 m secondary eclipse. The precise HST transmission spectrum
notably reveals a low-amplitude water feature with an unusual shape. Based on
free retrieval analyses with varying molecular abundances, we find strong
evidence for water absorption. Depending on model assumptions, we also find
tentative evidence for other absorbers (HCN, TiO, and AlO). The retrieved water
abundance is generally solar (0.001--0.7 solar
over a range of model assumptions), several orders of magnitude lower than
expected from planet formation models based on the solar system metallicity
trend. We also consider chemical equilibrium and self-consistent 1D
radiative-convective equilibrium model fits and find they too prefer low
metallicities (, consistent with the free retrieval
results). However, all the retrievals should be interpreted with some caution
since they either require additional absorbers that are far out of chemical
equilibrium to explain the shape of the spectrum or are simply poor fits to the
data. Finally, we find the Spitzer secondary eclipse is indicative of full heat
redistribution from KELT-11b's dayside to nightside, assuming a clear dayside.
These potentially unusual results for KELT-11b's composition are suggestive of
new challenges on the horizon for atmosphere and formation models in the face
of increasingly precise measurements of exoplanet spectra.Comment: Accepted to The Astronomical Journal. 31 pages, 20 figures, 7 table
Animated Edge Textures in Node-Link Diagrams: a Design Space and Initial Evaluation
International audienceNetwork edge data attributes are usually encoded using color, opacity, stroke thickness and stroke pattern, or some combination thereof. In addition to these static variables, it is also possible to animate dynamic particles flowing along the edges. This opens a larger design space of animated edge textures, featuring additional visual encodings that have potential not only in terms of visual mapping capacity but also playfulness and aesthetics. Such animated edge textures have been used in several commercial and design-oriented visualizations, but to our knowledge almost always in a relatively ad hoc manner. We introduce a design space and Web-based framework for generating animated edge textures, and report on an initial evaluation of particle properties – particle speed, pattern and frequency – in terms of visual perception
Tamoxifen Dose Escalation in Patients With Diminished CYP2D6 Activity Normalizes Endoxifen Concentrations Without Increasing Toxicity
Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/139937/1/onco0795-sup-0002.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/139937/2/onco0795-sup-0001.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/139937/3/onco0795.pd
Molecular definition of multiple sites of antibody inhibition of malaria transmission-blocking vaccine antigen Pfs25.
The Plasmodium falciparum Pfs25 protein (Pfs25) is a leading malaria transmission-blocking vaccine antigen. Pfs25 vaccination is intended to elicit antibodies that inhibit parasite development when ingested by Anopheles mosquitoes during blood meals. The Pfs25 three-dimensional structure has remained elusive, hampering a molecular understanding of its function and limiting immunogen design. We report six crystal structures of Pfs25 in complex with antibodies elicited by immunization via Pfs25 virus-like particles in human immunoglobulin loci transgenic mice. Our structural findings reveal the fine specificities associated with two distinct immunogenic sites on Pfs25. Importantly, one of these sites broadly overlaps with the epitope of the well-known 4B7 mouse antibody, which can be targeted simultaneously by antibodies that target a non-overlapping site to additively increase parasite inhibition. Our molecular characterization of inhibitory antibodies informs on the natural disposition of Pfs25 on the surface of ookinetes and provides the structural blueprints to design next-generation immunogens
UBVRI Light Curves of 44 Type Ia Supernovae
We present UBVRI photometry of 44 type-Ia supernovae (SN Ia) observed from
1997 to 2001 as part of a continuing monitoring campaign at the Fred Lawrence
Whipple Observatory of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. The
data set comprises 2190 observations and is the largest homogeneously observed
and reduced sample of SN Ia to date, nearly doubling the number of
well-observed, nearby SN Ia with published multicolor CCD light curves. The
large sample of U-band photometry is a unique addition, with important
connections to SN Ia observed at high redshift. The decline rate of SN Ia
U-band light curves correlates well with the decline rate in other bands, as
does the U-B color at maximum light. However, the U-band peak magnitudes show
an increased dispersion relative to other bands even after accounting for
extinction and decline rate, amounting to an additional ~40% intrinsic scatter
compared to B-band.Comment: 84 authors, 71 pages, 51 tables, 10 figures. Accepted for publication
in the Astronomical Journal. Version with high-res figures and electronic
data at http://astron.berkeley.edu/~saurabh/cfa2snIa
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