92 research outputs found
Spatiotemporal chaos: the microscopic perspective
PACS numbers: 05.45.JnInternational audienceExtended nonequilibrium systems can be studied in the framework of field theory or from dynamical systems perspective. Here we report numerical evidence that the sum of a well-defined number of instantaneous Lyapunov exponents for the complex Ginzburg-Landau equation is given by a simple function of the space average of the square of the macroscopic field. This relationship follows from an explicit formula for the time-dependent values of almost all the exponents
Classical and Quantum Fluctuation Theorems for Heat Exchange
The statistics of heat exchange between two classical or quantum finite
systems initially prepared at different temperatures are shown to obey a
fluctuation theorem.Comment: 4 pages, 1 included figure, to appear in Phys Rev Let
A novel method for spatial source localization using ECoG and SEEG recordings in human epilepsy patients
Cortical modulation of neuronal activity in the cat's lateral geniculate and perigeniculate nuclei: a modeling study
Quantum Multibaker Maps: Extreme Quantum Regime
We introduce a family of models for quantum mechanical, one-dimensional
random walks, called quantum multibaker maps (QMB). These are Weyl
quantizations of the classical multibaker models previously considered by
Gaspard, Tasaki and others. Depending on the properties of the phases
parametrizing the quantization, we consider only two classes of the QMB maps:
uniform and random. Uniform QMB maps are characterized by phases which are the
same in every unit cell of the multibaker chain. Random QMB maps have phases
that vary randomly from unit cell to unit cell. The eigenstates in the former
case are extended while in the latter they are localized. In the uniform case
and for large , analytic solutions can be obtained for the time
dependent quantum states for periodic chains and for open chains with absorbing
boundary conditions. Steady state solutions and the properties of the
relaxation to a steady state for a uniform QMB chain in contact with
``particle'' reservoirs can also be described analytically. The analytical
results are consistent with, and confirmed by, results obtained from numerical
methods. We report here results for the deep quantum regime (large ) of
the uniform QMB, as well as some results for the random QMB. We leave the
moderate and small results as well as further consideration of the
other versions of the QMB for further publications.Comment: 17 pages, referee's and editor's comments addresse
Earth incorporated: centralization and variegation in the global company network
Over the past 20 years, a widening gulf has appeared between the increasingly internationalized financing arrangements of the world’s leading corporations, and the persistence of nationally compartmentalized approaches to the study of corporate control. In lieu of direct empirical evidence on corporate control at the global level, the most widespread assumption is that the globalization of ownership has taken the form of an expansion of arms-length, market-based arrangements traditionally prevailing in the Anglo-American economies. Here, however, we challenge this assumption, both empirically and conceptually. Empirically, we show that three quarters of the world’s 205 largest firms by sales are linked to a single global company network of concentrated (5%) ownership ties. This network has a hierarchically centralized organization, with a dominant “global network core” of US fund managers ringed by a more geographically diverse “state capitalist periphery.” Conceptually, we argue that the this architecture can be broadly explained through a Polanyian “variegated capitalist” model of contradictory market institutionalization, with the formation of the global company network actually a counterintuitive product of global financial marketization. In order to understand this process of network formation, however, it is necessary to extend Polanyi’s model of a double movement mediated through political interventions in the market, to incorporate Veblenian processes of evolutionary institutional change mediated through the market
Polyprenols Are Synthesized by a Plastidial cis-Prenyltransferase and Influence Photosynthetic Performance
Plants accumulate a family of hydrophobic polymers known as polyprenols, yet how they are synthesized, where they reside
in the cell, and what role they serve is largely unknown. Using Arabidopsis thaliana as a model, we present evidence for the involvement of a plastidial cis-prenyltransferase (AtCPT7) in polyprenol synthesis. Gene inactivation and RNAi-mediated knockdown of AtCPT7 eliminated leaf polyprenols, while its overexpression increased their content. Complementation tests in the polyprenol-deficient yeast Δrer2 mutant and enzyme assays with recombinant AtCPT7 confirmed that the enzyme synthesizes polyprenols of ~55 carbons in length using geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) and isopentenyl diphosphate as substrates. Immunodetection and in vivo localization of AtCPT7 fluorescent protein fusions showed that AtCPT7 resides in the stroma of mesophyll chloroplasts. The enzymatic products of AtCPT7 accumulate in thylakoid membranes, and in their absence, thylakoids adopt an increasingly “fluid membrane” state. Chlorophyll fluorescence measurements from the leaves
of polyprenol-deficient plants revealed impaired photosystem II operating efficiency, and their thylakoids exhibited
a decreased rate of electron transport. These results establish that (1) plastidial AtCPT7 extends the length of GGPP to;55 carbons, which then accumulate in thylakoid membranes; and (2) these polyprenols influence photosynthetic performance through their modulation of thylakoid membrane dynamics
A Standards Organization for Open and FAIR Neuroscience: the International Neuroinformatics Coordinating Facility
There is great need for coordination around standards and best practices in neuroscience to support efforts to make neuroscience a data-centric discipline. Major brain initiatives launched around the world are poised to generate huge stores of neuroscience data. At the same time, neuroscience, like many domains in biomedicine, is confronting the issues of transparency, rigor, and reproducibility. Widely used, validated standards and best practices are key to addressing the challenges in both big and small data science, as they are essential for integrating diverse data and for developing a robust, effective, and sustainable infrastructure to support open and reproducible neuroscience. However, developing community standards and gaining their adoption is difficult. The current landscape is characterized both by a lack of robust, validated standards and a plethora of overlapping, underdeveloped, untested and underutilized standards and best practices. The International Neuroinformatics Coordinating Facility (INCF), an independent organization dedicated to promoting data sharing through the coordination of infrastructure and standards, has recently implemented a formal procedure for evaluating and endorsing community standards and best practices in support of the FAIR principles. By formally serving as a standards organization dedicated to open and FAIR neuroscience, INCF helps evaluate, promulgate, and coordinate standards and best practices across neuroscience. Here, we provide an overview of the process and discuss how neuroscience can benefit from having a dedicated standards body
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