The Effects Social Media Has on Depressive and Neuro Developmental Disorders

Social media has played a huge role in society today and is one of the most common activities in everyday life for people of all ages. Due to the long amount of time that most users spend on social media daily, some trends seem to grow and become very visible over time that have a negative impact on mental health but also on neuro developmental disorders. Neurodevelopmental disorders are identified through a list of symptoms and characteristics that show a problem in how the brain is developing. Due to social media still being very new in this generation and with its huge advancements and changes in fast periods of time few studies focus on comparing the symptoms of obsessive social media use to neuro developmental disorders. This study aims to link the common characteristics and symptoms of obsessive social media use to ADHD and ADD to see if it is possible to show that they are common enough to have a hard time differentiating. Part of the goal will also be to show the maladaptive behavior that develops from social media use and how over time it can change the brain’s neuroplasticity in a way where memory retention is affected, and focus is negatively impacted. In this dissertation there will be a quantitative method of research that will build a base of research to help show these statements to be accurate and allow for future research to build upon this method for further understanding

The influence of horizontal walking velocity on the bilateral symmetry of normal ground reaction force parameters.

Assumptions regarding the bilateral symmetry of normal gait are common in both clinical and research settings. When assessing any aspect of human gait, the effect of horizontal velocity (HV) on the biomechanical characteristics of the activity is of great importance. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the influence of horizontal walking velocity on the bilateral symmetry of gait in a normal population. Multiple peak and temporal ground reaction force (GRF) parameters were collected from a pre-screened subject pool of 21 able-bodied individuals at each of three HV conditions (slow, normal & fast) and two contact foot (CF) conditions (right & left). Statistical analysis of this GRF data was accomplished by means of a series of 2 x 3 repeated measures ANOVAs. The most interesting findings were two significant interaction effects of HV and CF for the stance time and the maximum vertical force at push-off (Fz3) parameters. (Abstract shortened by UMI.) Paper copy at Leddy Library: Theses & Major Papers - Basement, West Bldg. / Call Number: Thesis2002 .G63. Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 41-04, page: 1030. Adviser: Wayne Marino. Thesis (M.H.K.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 2002

Upper Limb Asymmetries in the Utilization of Movement-related Sensory Feedback.

While the preferred arm of right handed individuals has traditionally been viewed as being dominant with respect to motor output, non-preferred arm advantages have recently been described by this laboratory for the matching of target arm positions in the absence of vision. The aim of this dissertation, therefore, was to determine the extent to which this asymmetry reflects arm differences in the utilization of movement-related feedback. To accomplish this, three matching experiments were conducted using servomotor-driven manipulanda devices that recorded elbow position in the horizontal plane. In study 1, a comparison was made between the static position matching abilities of the two arms during visually versus proprioceptively-guided tasks. In this case, non-preferred arm accuracy was found to be enhanced during the proprioceptive task, whereas the preferred arm made smaller errors when targets were visual in nature. In study 2, arm differences in the ability to match proprioceptively-determined target movement speeds were assessed. This study showed that, unlike the sense of arm position, the acuity of dynamic proprioception sense was relatively similar for the two arms, except in the case of average acceleration matching where a non-preferred arm accuracy advantage was seen. Lastly, in the third study, the ability to coordinate both arm position and movement speed proprioceptive information was tested. In this case, absolute matching errors were again smaller for the non-preferred versus preferred arm. Overall, the results of this dissertation lend support to the notion that the two arms rely to different degrees on visual versus proprioceptive feedback. This asymmetry may reflect the roles played by the two arms during the performance of many bimanual activities of daily living where vision guides movements of the preferred arm, while the non-preferred arm plays a more assistive role utilizing primarily proprioceptive feedback.Ph.D.KinesiologyUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/57702/2/dgoble_1.pd

The Research Object Suite of Ontologies: Sharing and Exchanging Research Data and Methods on the Open Web

Research in life sciences is increasingly being conducted in a digital and online environment. In particular, life scientists have been pioneers in embracing new computational tools to conduct their investigations. To support the sharing of digital objects produced during such research investigations, we have witnessed in the last few years the emergence of specialized repositories, e.g., DataVerse and FigShare. Such repositories provide users with the means to share and publish datasets that were used or generated in research investigations. While these repositories have proven their usefulness, interpreting and reusing evidence for most research results is a challenging task. Additional contextual descriptions are needed to understand how those results were generated and/or the circumstances under which they were concluded. Because of this, scientists are calling for models that go beyond the publication of datasets to systematically capture the life cycle of scientific investigations and provide a single entry point to access the information about the hypothesis investigated, the datasets used, the experiments carried out, the results of the experiments, the people involved in the research, etc. In this paper we present the Research Object (RO) suite of ontologies, which provide a structured container to encapsulate research data and methods along with essential metadata descriptions. Research Objects are portable units that enable the sharing, preservation, interpretation and reuse of research investigation results. The ontologies we present have been designed in the light of requirements that we gathered from life scientists. They have been built upon existing popular vocabularies to facilitate interoperability. Furthermore, we have developed tools to support the creation and sharing of Research Objects, thereby promoting and facilitating their adoption.Comment: 20 page

Common motifs in scientific workflows: An empirical analysis

While workflow technology has gained momentum in the last decade as a means for specifying and enacting computational experiments in modern science, reusing and repurposing existing workflows to build new scientific experiments is still a daunting task. This is partly due to the difficulty that scientists experience when attempting to understand existing workflows, which contain several data preparation and adaptation steps in addition to the scientifically significant analysis steps. One way to tackle the understandability problem is through providing abstractions that give a high-level view of activities undertaken within workflows. As a first step towards abstractions, we report in this paper on the results of a manual analysis performed over a set of real-world scientific workflows from Taverna and Wings systems. Our analysis has resulted in a set of scientific workflow motifs that outline i) the kinds of data intensive activities that are observed in workflows (data oriented motifs), and ii) the different manners in which activities are implemented within workflows (workflow oriented motifs). These motifs can be useful to inform workflow designers on the good and bad practices for workflow development, to inform the design of automated tools for the generation of workflow abstractions, etc

FAIR Computational Workflows

Computational workflows describe the complex multi-step methods that are used for data collection, data preparation, analytics, predictive modelling, and simulation that lead to new data products. They can inherently contribute to the FAIR data principles: by processing data according to established metadata; by creating metadata themselves during the processing of data; and by tracking and recording data provenance. These properties aid data quality assessment and contribute to secondary data usage. Moreover, workflows are digital objects in their own right. This paper argues that FAIR principles for workflows need to address their specific nature in terms of their composition of executable software steps, their provenance, and their development.Accepted for Data Intelligence special issue: FAIR best practices 2019. Carole Goble acknowledges funding by BioExcel2 (H2020 823830), IBISBA1.0 (H2020 730976) and EOSCLife (H2020 824087) . Daniel Schober's work was financed by Phenomenal (H2020 654241) at the initiation-phase of this effort, current work in kind contribution. Kristian Peters is funded by the German Network for Bioinformatics Infrastructure (de.NBI) and acknowledges BMBF funding under grant number 031L0107. Stian Soiland-Reyes is funded by BioExcel2 (H2020 823830). Daniel Garijo, Yolanda Gil, gratefully acknowledge support from DARPA award W911NF-18-1-0027, NIH award 1R01AG059874-01, and NSF award ICER-1740683

Psychophysiological activity and reactivity in children and adolescents with conduct problems:A systematic review and meta-analysis

The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis to estimate the association between psychophysiological activity and reactivity at baseline or after a psychological task with conduct problems (CP) among children and adolescents. We systematically reviewed published studies reporting autonomic nervous system activity in youth with CP and meta-analyzed the relationship between CP and autonomic baseline as well as task-related reactivity in 66 studies (N = 10,227). Across 34 included case-control studies that were based on CP cut-off scores, we found a significant pooled effect for task related Skin-Conductance, Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia, and cardiac Pre-Ejection Period, but no significant group differences for Heart Rate nor for any baseline measures. Findings suggested reduced parasympathetic and sympathetic reactivity to emotional tasks, pointing to co-inhibition of the two systems. However, across 32 studies with correlational design we only found a significant negative correlation of baseline and task-related heart rate with CP. The present meta-analysis derived several conclusions that have the potential to inform biological vulnerability models and biologically driven interventions