STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS OF QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH METHODS

Scientific research adopts qualitative and quantitative methodologies in the modeling and analysis of numerous phenomena. The qualitative methodology intends to understand a complex reality and the meaning of actions in a given context. On the other hand, the quantitative methodology seeks to obtain accurate and reliable measurements that allow a statistical analysis. Both methodologies offer a set of methods, potentialities and limitations that must be explored and known by researchers. This paper concisely maps a total of seven qualitative methods and five quantitative methods. A comparative analysis of the most relevant and adopted methods is done to understand the main strengths and limitations of them. Additionally, the work developed intends to be a fundamental reference for the accomplishment of a research study, in which the researcher intends to adopt a qualitative or quantitative methodology. Through the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of each method, it becomes possible to formulate a more accurate, informed and complete choice.  Article visualizations

REVITALIZAÇÃO DE MANIFESTAÇÕES DA CULTURA POPULAR NA REGIÃO LITORÂNEA DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL: O CASO DA COMUNIDADE DO ESTREITO, SÃO JOSÉ DO NORTE - RS

RESUMOA presente comunicação científica traz três casos de revitalização de manifestações típicas da Cultura Popular na região litorânea do Rio Grande do Sul sendo elas: a) Bandeiras do Divino Espírito Santo; b) Cantorias de Ternos; c) Bandeiras de Nossa Senhora do Rosário. As revitalizações foram resultados de pesquisa-ações do Instituto Histórico e Geográfico de São José do Norte (IHGSJN) por meio do Museu da entidade e junto à Comunidade do Estreito, localizada no interior do município de São José do Norte, RS. Neste artigo são expostas as dimensões epistemológicas e de métodos adotados para promover um processo de revitalização de manifestações culturais adormecidas. A partir de reflexões sobre as experiências vividas e do relato dos casos, é realizada uma análise reflexiva das conversas com a Comunidade e da produção de discursos institucionais gerados ao longo do processo de investigação e ação promovido pelo Museu do IHGSJN. Isso possibilitou perceber e apontar processos de produção de conhecimento social que articulam diferentes tipos de memórias.ABSTRACTThis scientific communication brings three cases of revitalization of typical manifestations of popular culture in the coastal region of Rio Grande do Sul and includes: a) Bandeiras do Divino Espírito Santo (flags of the Divine Holy Spirit); b) Cantorias de Ternos (group chantings); c) Bandeiras de Nossa Senhora do Rosário (flags of Our Lady of the Rosary). The revitalizations were outcomes of Instituto Histórico e Geográfico de São José do Norte’s (IHGSJN) research-actions through the entity’s Museum and within the Community of Estreito, located inside the city of São José do Norte, Brazil. This paper exposed the epistemological dimensions and methods adopted to promote a revitalization process of dormant cultural expressions. From reflections on the experiences and cases report, it is performed a reflective analysis of the conversations with the Community and of the production of institutional discourses generated throughout the research and action process promoted by the IHGSJN’s Museum. This made it possible to perceive and to point out social knowledge production processes that articulate different types of memories

Analytical solution of steady 2D wall-free extensional flows of UCM fluids

The general analytical solution for the two-dimensional steady planar extensional flow with wall-free stagnation point is obtained for viscoelastic fluids described by the upper convected Maxwell model providing the stress and pressure fields. The two normal stress fields contain terms that are unbounded for |a|De ½ and even for any |a|De, where De denotes the Deborah number and |a|De denotes the Weissenberg number, but the pressure field is only unbounded for |a|De ½, however, the pressure remains bounded even in the presence of stress singularities. In all flow cases studied, the stress and pressure fields are contained by the general solution, but may require some coefficients to be null.Indisponível

Hydrogen embrittlement evaluation of HSLA steels using small punch and slow strain rate tests

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Magnetic, electronic, and structural investigation of the strongly correlated Y1−x_{1-x}Smx_xCo5_5 system

SmCo$_5$ and YCo$_5$ are isostructural compounds both showing large magnetocrystalline anisotropy, where the former originates mainly from the crystal-electric field and magnetic interactions. We investigate the contribution of both interactions by partially substituting Y by Sm in as-cast polycrystalline Y$_{1-x}$Sm$_{x}$Co$_5$ (with $x$=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4) and measuring their structural, magnetic, and electrical properties through X-ray diffraction, magnetization, and electrical transport measurements. Our results suggest an interplay between microstructure strain in as-cast samples and the electronic and magnetic interactions

Behavioural, endocrine and cardiac autonomic responses to a model of startle in horses

Startle is a fast response elicited by sudden acoustic, tactile or visual stimuli in a variety of animal species and in humans. The magnitude of startle response can be modulated by external and internal variables and can be a useful tool to study the sensory-motor integration in animals. Different stimuli have been used to induce startle in horses, which makes it difficult to compare the responses to these different approaches. The present study uses ultra-short-term heart rate variability (HRV) analysis to characterize the cardiac autonomic modulation, reactivity assessment and blood cortisol measurements to describe the behavioural and endocrine responses to a simple, easy to replicate, effective and safe method of startle (an umbrella is abruptly opened near the horse). The ultra-short-term (64 s) heart rate (HR) series were interpolated (4 Hz) and divided into 256 points segments then the spectra calculated (Fast Fourier Transform). The spectra were then integrated into low (LF; 0.01–0.07 Hz; Index of Cardiac Sympathetic Modulation) and high (HF; 0.07–0.50 Hz; Index of Cardiac Parasympathetic Modulation) frequency bands. Following the startle test, the HR (p = 0.0101), the power of the LF band of the cardiac interval spectrum (p = 0.0002) and the LF/HF ratio (p = 0.0066) were found to be higher, whereas the power of the HF band of the cardiac interval spectrum was found to be lower (p = 0.0002). Also, the horses showed a noticeable escape response, with latency of reaction varying from 0.28 to 1.28 s, duration of reaction ranging from 1.52 to 7.92 s and escape distance covered varying from 3.43 to 9.97 m. However, the endocrine measurements failed to reveal significant changes in the cortisol levels after the startle test. We conclude that the startle test used in the current study was effective to produce changes in behavioural parameters and cardiac autonomic modulation of the horses and can therefore be an appropriate tool for neurobiological studies. Furthermore, the use of ultra-short segments (64 s) for HRV analysis appears to be effective and promising for the detection of mental stress in horses.Instituto de Genética Veterinari

Behavioural, endocrine and cardiac autonomic responses to a model of startle in horses

Startle is a fast response elicited by sudden acoustic, tactile or visual stimuli in a variety of animal species and in humans. The magnitude of startle response can be modulated by external and internal variables and can be a useful tool to study the sensory-motor integration in animals. Different stimuli have been used to induce startle in horses, which makes it difficult to compare the responses to these different approaches. The present study uses ultra-short-term heart rate variability (HRV) analysis to characterize the cardiac autonomic modulation, reactivity assessment and blood cortisol measurements to describe the behavioural and endocrine responses to a simple, easy to replicate, effective and safe method of startle (an umbrella is abruptly opened near the horse). The ultra-short-term (64. s) heart rate (HR) series were interpolated (4. Hz) and divided into 256 points segments then the spectra calculated (Fast Fourier Transform). The spectra were then integrated into low (LF; 0.01-0.07. Hz; Index of Cardiac Sympathetic Modulation) and high (HF; 0.07-0.50. Hz; Index of Cardiac Parasympathetic Modulation) frequency bands. Following the startle test, the HR (p = 0.0101), the power of the LF band of the cardiac interval spectrum (p = 0.0002) and the LF/HF ratio (p = 0.0066) were found to be higher, whereas the power of the HF band of the cardiac interval spectrum was found to be lower (p = 0.0002). Also, the horses showed a noticeable escape response, with latency of reaction varying from 0.28 to 1.28. s, duration of reaction ranging from 1.52 to 7.92. s and escape distance covered varying from 3.43 to 9.97. m. However, the endocrine measurements failed to reveal significant changes in the cortisol levels after the startle test. We conclude that the startle test used in the current study was effective to produce changes in behavioural parameters and cardiac autonomic modulation of the horses and can therefore be an appropriate tool for neurobiological studies. Furthermore, the use of ultra-short segments (64 s) for HRV analysis appears to be effective and promising for the detection of mental stress in horses.Fil: Villas Boas, Julia Dias. Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Martins Dias, Daniel Penteado. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Trigo, Pablo Ignacio. Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Brasil. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: dos Santos Almeida, Norma Aparecida. Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: de Almeida, Fernando Queiroz. Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: de Madeiros, Magda Alves. Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Brasi

UMA ANÁLISE DOS PEDIDOS DE ACESSO À INFORMAÇÃO ENCAMINHADOS A UMA INSTITUIÇÃO DE ENSINO SUPERIOR

A Lei de Acesso a Informação - LAI, sancionada em 2011, regulamenta o direito de acesso à informação e estabelece prazos para os órgãos públicos atenderem as solicitações de informação da sociedade. No mesmo ano da publicação da lei, o país dá um importante passo com a participação na Parceria para Governo Aberto (Open Government Partnership), assumindo compromissos de ampliar a transparência. Juntamente como a LAI e a parceria assumida, vem ganhando destaque no âmbito governamental o conceito de “Dados Abertos”, que tem com uma de suas premissas a disponibilização de dados públicos atuais e relevantes para a sociedade. Tendo em vista a importância do tema e os recentes instrumentos normativos publicados no país, o presente trabalho visa realizar uma investigação em uma instituição de ensino superior abordando os assuntos mais demandados pela sociedade por meio dos pedidos de informação. O objetivo do trabalho foi investigar os temas mais solicitados para que sejam priorizados durante a elaboração do Plano de Dados Abertos, em atendimento ao Decreto 8.777, de 11 de maio de 2016. Por intermédio de análise com a metodologia qualitativa Grounded Theory, “Teoria Fundamentada em Dados”, foram identificados os principais temas solicitados pela sociedade e apresentados como resultado desse trabalho