Phenomenological psychology Husserl’s static and genetic methods

A new framework for phenomenological psychology is proposed based on Husserl’s static and genetic methods. Static phenomenology holds a eidetic psychology centred on the processes of noetic-noematic constitution and elaborates typologies and general notions about human beings in connection with the world. Genetic analysis is research into facticity, it focus on the personal history of a subject, which is constantly in the process of becoming. When the temporal dimension of consciousness is considered, the phenomenological method becomes ‘static’, as it excludes the factitious dimension of self, its personal and individual history, sedimented in layers of meaning, which are in part pre-reflective, non-thematic and anonymous to the self, but which nevertheless continue to influence the experience of itself with the other and with the world. This paper aims to present some of the fundamental principals of genetic phenomenology and it’s application to existential-phenomenological psychotherapy. There are three main aspects underlying geneticphenomenological analysis as it is being proposed: inner time-consciousness theory, the experiential self and the theory of passive geneses

Investigação em psicoterapia: Contexto, questões e controvérsias: Possíveis contributos da perspectiva fenomenológico existencial

Realiza-se uma síntese dos dados mais recentes da investigação em psicoterapia incluindo do quadro existencial. São abordadas algumas controvérsias presentes na comunidade psicoterapêutica que conduz a um hiato entre terapeutas e investigadores. Sugere-se a importância do paradigma “change process research” para o desenvolvimento de investigação que permita melhor informar sobre os processos que promovem a mudança terapêutica e informar os diferentes agentes envolvidos: pacientes, terapeutas, supervisores, responsáveis de serviços de saúde mental. Salienta-se a necessidade e incrementar maior número de programas de investigação psicoterapêutica em Portugal

O mundo do texto e a psicoterapia fenomenológico-existencial

A fenomenologia hermenêutica tal como proposta por Paul Ricoeur é objecto de análise, em particular, a sua raiz heideggeriana e a noção de mundo do texto. Dois problemas são colocados ao terapeuta; o afastamento do modelo dialogal e a recusa da hermenêutica de uma psicologia do sujeito. O paradigma textual é então exposto em analogia com a acção humana, englobando uma resposta à problemática entre explicação e compreensão. Os contributos do autor são colocados em discussão com uma psicologia de cariz cultural, defendida por Jerome Bruner, e, com o campo psicoterapêutico, nomeadamente, com as abordagens fenomenológico-existenciais. ***** ABSTRACT ***** Hermeneutical phenomenology as put forward by Paul Ricoeur is subject to analysis, mainly when it comes to its heideggerian roots and the notion of the world of text. The therapist is therefore confronted with two problems: moving away from the dialogue model and refusal of hermeneutics to accept a psychology of the subject. The textual paradigm is then compared with human action thus encompassing a response to the problem posed by explanation versus understanding. The author’s contributions are compared against Jerome Bruner’s cultural psychology and psychotherapy, namely against existential-phenomenological approaches

Significant events in existential psychotherapy: The client’s perspective

Three ex-clients were interviewed about significant events occurring within existential therapy. Data was analysed through a descriptive phenomenological method (Giorgi, 2009). All participants identify a powerful therapist, an authentic alliance, a non-judgemental environment, validation of subjectivity and a cooperative approach. Two participants also identify therapist disclosure and reflection/experiential restructuring events

Mining Induced Ground Motions in a Tailings Dam

Mining induced seismicity can expose tailings dams to ground motions with potential to trigger a failure, if the structure reaches a certain level of vibrations that could exceed the seismic coefficient design criteria from pseudostatic analysis. Despite the cited risk, mainly for dams that are closer to open pits, few dams in Brazil are monitored by microseismic systems, and there are no references in the literature about continuous seismic monitoring both in open pit (source) and tailings dam, which represents the motivation of this paper. A microseismic system was commissioned in Cajati Mine, São Paulo, to record seismic events continuously in an array of 16 geophones (14 Hz and 4.5 Hz), installed in boreholes near the open pit (12 sensors) and in the dam (4 sensors), has measured values of PGA (Peak Ground Acceleration) and PGV (Peak Ground Velocity) related to 2,972 induced events from rock removal in the open pit. During the period monitored, the total of 109 events have triggered sensors in both structures, producing 920 seismograms, with the highest values of PGA and PGV of 0.0135 m/s2 (0.1358% of g) and 0.0892 mm/s. The highest PGA value is 36 times lower than the vertical coefficient of 3% of g defined by Brazilian technical standard to dam design criteria, normally used in common pseudostatic analysis from geotechnical engineers. A routine microseismic monitoring brings a new set of valuable actionable data and information to support the management of geotechnical tailings dams’ risks, under the conditions of vibrations induced by mining production

Fast left ventricle tracking in CMR images using localized anatomical affine optical flow

"Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging, vol. 16, nr. 41"In daily cardiology practice, assessment of left ventricular (LV) global function using non-invasive imaging remains central for the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with cardiovascular diseases. Despite the different methodologies currently accessible for LV segmentation in cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) images, a fast and complete LV delineation is still limitedly available for routine use. In this study, a localized anatomically constrained affine optical flow method is proposed for fast and automatic LV tracking throughout the full cardiac cycle in short-axis CMR images. Starting from an automatically delineated LV in the end-diastolic frame, the endocardial and epicardial boundaries are propagated by estimating the motion between adjacent cardiac phases using optical flow. In order to reduce the computational burden, the motion is only estimated in an anatomical region of interest around the tracked boundaries and subsequently integrated into a local affine motion model. Such localized estimation enables to capture complex motion patterns, while still being spatially consistent. The method was validated on 45 CMR datasets taken from the 2009 MICCAI LV segmentation challenge. The proposed approach proved to be robust and efficient, with an average distance error of 2.1 mm and a correlation with reference ejection fraction of 0.98 (1.9 ± 4.5%). Moreover, it showed to be fast, taking 5 seconds for the tracking of a full 4D dataset (30 ms per image). Overall, a novel fast, robust and accurate LV tracking methodology was proposed, enabling accurate assessment of relevant global function cardiac indices, such as volumes and ejection fraction.The authors acknowledge funding support from FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, Portugal, in the scope of the PhD grant SFRH/BD/93443/2013 and the project EXPL/BBB-BMD/2473/2013. D. Barbosa would also like to acknowledge the kind support of the Fundação Luso-Americana para o Desenvolvimento (FLAD), which has funded the travel costs for participation at SPIE Medical Imaging 2015.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Criação de jogos com frações de estudantes dos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental em um contexto pós-pandêmico

This work reports on an activity carried out with 6th-grade students from a Public Institution in Rio de Janeiro during the year 2022, which marked the transition from remote to in-person learning. In this context, the present text aims to describe how a playful initiative can promote academic and social benefits. The activity involved students creating games that revolved around the topic of fractions. The theoretical foundation for using games in mathematics education as a pedagogical strategy is discussed. Finally, the report discusses the benefits observed in the students' learning process and highlights the positive impact of the activity on social interaction among the participants, aligning with the guidelines of the BNCC (National Common Curricular Base) and the PCNs (Curricular Parameters National).Este trabalho relata uma atividade realizada com alunos do 6° ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma Instituição Pública do Rio de Janeiro durante o ano de 2022, ano que ocorreu a transição do sistema de ensino remoto para o presencial. Nesse contexto, o presente texto tem como objetivo relatar como uma iniciativa lúdica pode promover benefícios pedagógicos e sociais.  A atividade consistiu na produção de jogos pelos estudantes, que envolvessem o conteúdo de frações. Fundamenta-se teoricamente a utilização de jogos no ensino da Matemática como uma estratégia pedagógica. Por fim, relata-se os benefícios observados no processo de aprendizagem dos alunos, bem como destaca o impacto positivo da atividade na interação social entre os participantes, alinhando-se às diretrizes da BNCC (Base Nacional Comum Curricular) e aos PCNs (Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais)

Avaliação do estado nutricional de pacientes com pênfigo foliáceo sob corticoterapia prolongada

Our objective was to compare food intake and nutritional status of Pemphigus Foliaceus patients (PG) on long term glucocorticoid therapy to a Control Group (CG). Fourteen PG female inpatients receiving prednisone (0.33 ± 0.22mg/kg) for at least 12 months and twelve CG subjects were submitted to nutritional evaluation, including anthropometry, urinary creatinine determination and serum biochemical measurements, besides 48-h-based food intake records. Groups were compared by Chi-square, Mann-Whitney and "t" tests. PG patients and CG were paired, respectively, in relation to age (24.7 ± 14.1 vs. 22.0 ± 12.0 years), body mass index (25.8 ± 6.4 vs. 24.0 ± 5.6kg/m2), daily protein intake (132.9 ± 49.8 vs. 95.2 ± 58.9g), and serum albumin (median; range) (3.8; 3.5-4.1 vs. 3.8; 3.6-5.0g/dl). However, PG patients had lower height-creatinine index (64.8 ± 17.6 vs. 90.1 ± 33.4%), and higher daily energy (3080 ± 1099 vs. 2187 ± 702kcal) and carbohydrate (376.8 ± 135.8 vs. 242.0 ± 80.7g) intakes. Despite high food, protein and energy consumption, PG patients on long term glucocorticoid therapy had lower body muscle mass than controls, while showing high body fat stores. These findings are possibly related to combined metabolic effects of long term corticotherapy and inflammatory disease plus corticosteroid-induced increased appetite.O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar o estado nutricional e dados de ingestão alimentar de pacientes com Pênfigo Foliáceo (PF, n=14) sob corticoterapia prolongada (prednisona, 0,33 ± 0,22mg/kg/dia há mais de 12 meses) com um Grupo Controle (GC, n=12). A avaliação constou de inquérito alimentar de 48 horas, antropometria e determinação de creatinina urinária de 24h e albumina sérica. Os grupos PF e GC foram pareados, respectivamente, quanto à idade (24,7 ± 14,1 vs 22,0 ± 12,0 anos), índice de massa corporal (25,8 ± 6,4 vs 24,0 ± 5,6kg/m2), ingestão diária de proteína (132,9 ± 49,8 vs 95,2 ± 58,9g) e albumina sérica (mediana;faixa de variação) (3,8;3,5-4,1 vs 3,8;3,6-5,0g/dl). Pacientes com pênfigo apresentaram menor índice creatinina-altura (64,8 ± 17,6 vs 90,1 ± 33,4%) e maior ingestão de energia (3080 ± 1099 vs 2187 ± 702kcal/dia) e carboidratos (376,8 ± 135,8 vs 242,0 ± 80,7g/dia). Apesar do maior consumo de alimentos, os pacientes com pênfigo apresentaram menor massa muscular que os controles, achados possivelmente relacionados ao aumento do apetite e efeitos metabólicos combinados da corticoterapia e da doença inflamatória crônica