Tampilan Lemak Dan Solid Non Fat Pada Susu Sapi Perah Akibat Asupan Neutral Detergent Fiber Yang Berbeda (the Display of Fats and Solid Non Fat of Dairy Cows Aaffected by Neutral Detergent Fiber Intake of Different Rations)

This study was aimed to assess the optimal ration of Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF) content to improve the performance of milk fat and Solid Non Fat (SNF) milk of dairy cows. This research was conducted at the Regional Operational Unit Mulyorejo, Livestock Breeding Barukan village, Tengaran Sub District of Semarang Regency and Banyu Aji Cooperative, Sub District of Getasan, Semarang Regency from June 29 to July 31, 2014. Animal used as experimental materials were 12 Friesien Holstein dairy cows in second and third months of lactation with estimated body weight averaged at 408.5 ± 30.86 kg (Coefisien Variance (CV) = 10.68%) and milk production averaged of 9.3 ± 1.01 liters (CV = 14.33%). The experimental design used in this study was a completely randomized design for three treatments, i.e. T0 (NDF content of 61%), T1 (NDF content of 63%), and T2 (NDF content of 64%). The results showed that milk fat T1 (3.28%) affected with T0 (3.51%), but not affected (P>0.05) with T2 (3.45%). SNF content of T0 (7.31%) affected (P<0.05) less than T1 (7.83%) and T2 (7.75%). This study concluded that increasing NDF content to 63% in feed can improve SNF and milk fat content

Re-structuring practice for sustainability: Learning from case studies

One of the biggest challenges in professional education today is to re-structure paradigms of practice to achieve higher-performing buildings and more livable communities. While great progress is being made in building performance research, there is often a great gap between research and practice. This paper is based on the idea that the typical highly resource-consuming development widely practiced today is a symptom of a deeper problem, which is an ineffective design process. To create sustainable buildings or communities, students and practitioners need a better model for incorporating empirical information into design. Three case studies in sustainable design can offer insights into the kind of design process needed to turn theories of sustainability into reality

Financial Determinants of Qardhul Hasan Financing Growth: Evidence From Islamic Banks in Indonesia

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the financial factors that determine the growth of qardhul hasan financing in the sharia banks in Indonesia. We employ financial ratios such as Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non-Performing Financing (NPF), Net Interest Margin (NIM), Operational Cost to Operational Income (BOPO), Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE) to explain the growth of qardhul hasan during 2011 to 2014. This paper utilizes the fixed effect model and the random effect model to provide empirical evidences. The empirical result demonstrates that Non-Performing Financing (NPF), Net Interest Margin (NIM), Return on Asset (ROA) and BOPO have significance relationship to the qardhul hasan financing. The finding shows that the growth of qardhul hasan financing in sharia banks is influenced by financial ratios of NIM, NPF, BOPO and ROA. This finding adds important evidence to the existing research on qardhul hasan financing in sharia banks

Firm dynamics and job creation in the United Kingdom:1998–2013

This article is motivated by a very simple question – ‘what types of firms create the most jobs in the UK economy?’ One popular answer to this question has been High-Growth Firms (HGFs). These firms represent only a small minority – the ‘Vital 6%’ – of the UK business population yet, but have a disproportionate impact on job creation and innovation. We re-visit the discussion launched by the 2009 National Endowment for Science, Technology and the Arts (NESTA) reports, which identified the 6% figure and, using more recent data, confirm the headline conclusion for job creation: a small number of job-creating firms (mostly small firms) are responsible for a significant amount of net job creation in the United Kingdom. Adopting our alternative preferred analytical approach, which involves tracking the growth performance of cohorts of start-ups confirms this conclusion; however, we find an even smaller number of job-creating firms are responsible for a very significant proportion of job creation. We conclude by considering the question – ‘what are the implications for policy choices?’

The Impact of Consumer Product Package Quality on Consumption Satisfaction, Brand Perceptions, Consumer Investment and Behavior

Consumer product packaging can serve a critical role in the consumption experience, but marketing and packaging science researchers focus primarily on pre and post-consumption aspects of consumer product containers. Exhaustive research into packing ergonomics, logistics, safety, sustainability and promotional features are common across marketing and packaging disciplines, but research isolating the role of a packaging in consumption satisfaction and enduring consumer-brand relationships is rare. In addition to an undervalued role in product satisfaction, functional isolation between marketing and packaging scientists limits packaging’s overall impact on the bottom line. This research examines the role of bottle quality in bottled-water consumption satisfaction and its subsequent impact on brand attribute perceptions, consumer-brand relationship investment and behavioral intentions. We show that thicker water bottles are perceived to be of higher quality than thinner bottles, and that these perceptual differences impact how customers view a brand on aspects such as reliability and value offered by the brand’s products and ultimately intentions to re-purchase the brand’s products. We use qualitative, experimental and structural modeling analysis techniques to establish a fundamental role of packaging quality in consumer product satisfaction. We show that packaging characteristics are an indivisible component of the product and important to evaluation of the overall consumption experience. We finally conclude that packaging quality has a critical role to play in building profitable consumer-brand relationships, which should redefine the packaging cost-benefit equation to include the value of consumer loyalty as a balance to non-consumption packaging considerations

Shape-Selective Supramolecular Capsules for Actinide Precipitation and Separation

Improving actinide separations is key to reducing barriers to medical and industrial actinide isotope production and to addressing the challenges associated with the reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel. Here, we report the first example of a supramolecular anion recognition process that can achieve this goal. We have designed a preorganized triamidoarene receptor that induces quantitative precipitation of the early actinides Th(IV), Np(IV), and Pu(IV) from industrially relevant conditions through the formation of self-assembled hydrogen-bonded capsules. Selectivity over the later An(III) elements is shown through modulation of the nitric acid concentration, and no precipitation of actinyl or transition-metal ions occurs. The Np, Pu, and Am precipitates were characterized structurally by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and reveal shape specificity of the internal hydrogen-bonding array for the encapsulated hexanitratometalates. This work complements ion-exchange resins for 5f-element separations and illustrates the significant potential of supramolecular separation methods that target anionic actinide species

Determination of fatty acids profile in original brown cows dairy products and relationship with alpine pasture farming system

This study aimed to evaluate the relationships between fatty acids and the pattern that most contributes to discriminate between two farming systems, in which the main difference was the practice, or not, of alpine summer-grazing. Milk and cheese were sampled every month in two farms of Original Brown cows identical under geographical location and management during no grazing season point of view in the 2018 season. Fatty acids concentrations were determined by gas chromatography. The principal component analysis extracted three components (PCs). Mammary gland de novo synthetized fatty acids (C14:0, C14:1 n9, and C16:0) and saturated and monosaturated C18 fatty acids (C18:0, C18:1 n9c) were inversely associated in the PC1; PC2 included polyunsaturated C18 fatty acids (C18:2 n6c, C18:3 n3) and C15:0 while conjugated linoleic acid (CLA n9c, n11t) and fatty acids containing 20 or more carbon atoms (C21:0, C20:5 n3) were associated in the PC3. The processes of rumen fermentation and de novo synthesis in mammary gland that are, in turn, influenced by diet, could explain the relationships between fatty acids within each PC. The discriminant analyses showed that the PC2 included the fatty acids profile that best discriminated between the two farming systems, followed by PC3 and, lastly, PC1. This model, if validated, could be an important tool to the dairy industry

Rimming flow of a weakly elastic fluid

© 2014, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. We present a theoretical description of the flow of a thin polymeric film on the inner wall of a rotating horizontal cylinder. We account for polymer elasticity with the quasi-linear Oldroyd-B constitutive relation. We apply several simplifications to derive analytical solutions to this otherwise analytically intractable problem. Because the film is thin and the Reynolds number is small, we can implement a lubrication approximation. Furthermore, if we consider weakly elastic polymers, we can expand perturbation series in the limit of a small Deborah number. The analytical approximation for the steady-state free surface shows qualitative agreement with previous numerical simulation. Numerical solutions of the approximate evolution equation demonstrate the destabilizing effect of elasticity on the film’s perturbed steady-state profile